Aaron J. Sharp

Some Lichens from the Southern Appalachians and Mexico

The known range of Phylliscum demangeonii (Moug. & Nestl. ex Mont.) Nyl. is extended south to the Southern Appalachians. Pilophoron cereolus (Ach.) Th. Fr., also found in the Southern Appalachians, was previously known from Mexico and the northern United States. In contrast, the range of Parmelia densirhizinata Kurok. is extended northward from South and Central America to Mexico. Anaptychia microphylla (Kurok.) Kurok. (new to North America) and Anzia ornata (new to the Philippines) show classic distribution patterns involving eastern North America and eastern Asia. Cladonia formosa Asah. is a synonym of Cladonia subpityrea Sandst., a species showing a disjunctive distribution between eastern Asia and the mountains of Mexico and Guatemala. Anzia americana (a new species) and Pseudevernia cladonia (Tuck.) Hale and W. Culb. (new to Mexico) show a disjunctive distribution between the Southern Appalachians and the Mexican highlands. The floras of the Southern Appalachians and the Mexican Highlands are very rich in species of higher plants, bryophytes, and lichens. We have collected and studied lichens in both areas and found some of phytogeographical interest. Materials from 1 Contribution from the Hattori Botanical Laboratory and from the Botanical Laboratory, University of Tennessee, new series 297. Grateful acknowledgment is made of the partial financial support of this investigation through grants GF-149 and GE-256 from the National Science Foundation. Thanks are due to Dr. Mason E. Hale, Jr., and Dr. S. Hattori for their many helpful suggestions. 2 Hattori Botanical Laboratory, Nichinan, Miyazaki, Japan. 3 University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37916. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.150 on Sat, 23 Jul 2016 05:43:26 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 1968] YOSHIMURA & SHARP: LICHENS 109 several herbaria, including the U.S. National Herbarium and the University of Tennessee, were also used in this investigation. Pilophoron cereolus (Ach.) Th. Fr., Lichenogr. Scand. 1: 55. 1871. Lichen cereolus Ach., Lichenogr. Suec. Prodr. 89. 1798. Stereocaulon fibula Tuck., Proc. Amer. Acad. Art. & Sci. 1: 238. 1847. Pilophoron cereolus var. fibula Tuck., Synop. No. Amer. Lich. 1: 235. 1882. Pilophoron fibula (Tuck.) Th. Fr., De Stereocaul. et Piloph. Comm. 42. 1857. This species was previously known from Europe, Mexico (Bouly de Lesdain, 1929), and the northern United States. The recently discovered specimen from the Southern Appalachians could be referred to P. cereolus var. fibula, but that taxon is considered of no taxonomic value. U.S.A. MAINE. Mt. Desert Island, Willey (us). NEW HAMPSHIRE. Franconia, Willey (us). TENNESSEE. SEVIER CO.: Mt. LeConte, Rocky Spur above Rainbow Falls, Sharp & Yoshimura 660813 (NICH, TENN). Phylliscum demangeonii (Moug. & Nestl. ex Mont.) Nyl., Mem. Soc. Imp. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg 3: 166. 1855. Collema demangeonii Moug. & Nestl. ex Mont., Ann Sci. Nat., ser. 3. 7: 291. 1849. This species was heretofore reported only from the high mountains of the northern United States and from Europe. Specimens examined: Specimens from previously known localities were listed by Yoshimura (1964). U.S.A. NORTH CAROLINA. AVERY CO.: Grandfather Mountain, siliceous rocks, Cain (TENN). Parmelia densirhizinata Kurok. in Hale & Kurok., Contrib. U.S. Natl. Herb. 36: 171. 1964. Parmelia densirhizinata, which was identified by Dr. M. E. Hale, Jr., is new for Mexico. This record extends the range of this species northward from Central and South America. MEXICO. OAXACA: Sierra de San Felipe, NE of Oaxaca, 2,800-2,200 m, Sharp & Yoshimura 650310, 650325, 650361b (TENN, NICH); Llano de Las Flores, N of Oaxaca, 2,000-2,500 m, Sharp & Yoshimura 650459 (TENN, NICH). Cladonia subpityrea Sandst., Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 42: 61. 1928. Cladonia formosana Asah., Jour. Jap. Bot. 17: 485. 1941. Cladonia pityrea var. philippina Vain., Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., ser. A. 15(6): 54. 1921. After Sandstede proposed C. subpityrea, he identified some Japanese specimens as this species, which were used for chemical study by Asahina (1937a). Although Sandstede (1938) and Asahina (1937a) considered C. subpityrea as a fumarprotocetraric acid-lacking strain of C. pityrea, the type collection of C. subpityrea (which Asahina had not examined) contains psoromic acid; therefore, C. subpityrea is the same as C. formosana. Cladonia subpityrea shows a disjunctive distribution involving eastern Asia and Mexico and Guatemala. Such a distribution type can also be seen in the case of Stereocaulon myriocarpum Th. Fr. and Anaptychia dissecta Kurok. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.150 on Sat, 23 Jul 2016 05:43:26 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 110 THE BRYOLOGIST [Volume 71 MEXICO. CHIAPAS: Above Liquidambar toward El Triunfo, 6,000 ft., Sharp 4525 (TENN, us). GUATEMALA. In Civijai, Baja Verapaz, but above La Tinta, Alta Verapaz, 2,700 ft., Sharp 5130 (TENN, US). JAPAN. Hondo. PROV. Ku: Mt. Koya, Asahina 1315 (TNs, us). PROV. MUSASHI: Chichibu, Yoshioka 15133 (TNS, US). PROV. INABA: Tottori, Ikoma 2647 (TNs, us). Shikoku. PROV. TOSA: Kochi, Yoshimura 276 (NICH). Mt. Kokuzo, Yoshimura 2433 (NICH). Kyushu. PROV. OSUmI: Yakushima, F. Fujikawa (TNS, US). FORMOSA. PROV. TAIHOKU: Timogan, Rarasan, T. Suzuki 1313 (TNS). PROV. TAITYU: Ketau, Asahina 1513a (TNS, US). PHMLIPPINES. LUZON: Manila, Dumulmog, Merril, Krypt. Exs. 3056 (us-isotype). Benguet: Sablang, Fenix 12794 (us-isosyntype of C. pityrea var. philippina). Anaptychia microphylla (Kurok.) Kurok., Beiheft zur Nova Hedwigia 6: 44. 1962. Anaptychia hypoleuca var. microphylla Kurok., Jour. Jap. Bot. 34: 123. 1959. Anaptychia microphylla is close to A. hypoleuca (Miihl.) Mass., but differs from the latter in having lobulate isidia. Since A. microphylla, which was previously thought to be endemic to Japan, occurs in the Great Smoky Mountains, it becomes one of those examples which exhibit a disjunctive distributional pattern between eastern Asia and eastern North America. Such a pattern can be seen in the ranges of Anaptychia palmulata (Michx.) Vain., A. hypoleuca (Miihl.) Vain., Umbilicaria caroliniana Tuck., Stereocaulon tennesseense Magn., and others. The type locality of Stereocaulon tennesseense is in the Great Smoky Mountains, and only recently this species was found also in Japan. U.S.A. TENNESSEE. SEVIER CO.: Great Smoky Mountains, between Rainbow Falls and Mt. LeConte, on conglomerate, Moore 618 (TENN). Anzia ornata (Zahlbr.) Asah., Jour. Jap. Bot. 13: 221. 1937. Anzia japonica var. ornata Zahlbr., Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regn. Veget. 33: 59. 1933. Culberson (1961) reported Anzia ornata, which was previously known only in Japan and Formosa, as a second Anzia in North America, A. colpodes being the first. Anzia ornata also shows a disjunctive distribution involving eastern North America and Eastern Asia but had not been reported before from the Philippines. U.S.A. NORTH CAROLINA. DUPLIN CO.: 1 mi. E Beulaville, Culberson 10362 (us). JAPAN. Hondo. PROV. SHINANO: Mt. Yatsugatake, Kurokawa 58239 (TNS, us). Shikoku. PROV. TOSA: Kami-gun, Otani, Yoshimura 2696 (NICH, US). FORMOSA. Mt. Morrison, Sasaki (TNS, us-isotypes). PHILIPPINES. MOUNTAIN PROV.: Luzon, remnants of mossy oak forest, 2,000 m, Hale 26149 & Banaag (us). Anzia (Sect. Nervosae) americana Yoshimura & Sharp, sp. nov. (Fig. 1-3). Thallus cinerascens vel cinereoglaucescens, subnitidus, laciniatus; laciniae 0.5-2 mm latae, applanatae vel leviter convexae, apice obtusae, ascendentes, dichotome ramosae, ramulis discretis, in infra-apicibus saepe sorediis formatis, strato nigrispongioso. Stratum corticale 40-60A latum, superne amorphum, ceterum pseudoparenchymaticum. Stratum medullare C-, KC-, nervus centralis depressus in medulla immersus. Stratum spongiosum hyphis tenuioribus ca. 84 latis constructum. Apothecia et pycnidia non visa. Acidum divaricaticum et atranorinum continens. Thallus light gray, dichotomously branched, to 2.5 cm broad; lobes narrow, short, This content downloaded from 207.46.13.150 on Sat, 23 Jul 2016 05:43:26 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 1968] YOSHIMURA & SHARP: LICHENS 111

Another Coastal Plain Sphagnum in Tennessee

Sphagnum macrophyllum Bernh. has long been considered to be a coastal plain species in North America. The writer, in company of Dr. R. E. Shanks and Mr. Eddy Clebsch, was surprised to discover this species during the summer of 1947 on the Cumberland Plateau in Bledsoe County, Tennessee. It was growing in a woods in deep, shaded, wet pockets between the bases of ferns (Osmunda cinnamomea and 0. regalis) and sedges (Carex spp.) below an overstory consisting primarily of red maple (Acer rubrum var. tridens) and sour gum (Nyssa sylvatica). At the edge of the woods, herbs which are considered characteristic of the coastal plain included: Aletris farinosa, Liatris sp., Eupatorium rotundifolium, Proserpinaca sp. and Helianthus angustifolius. The relationship between certain vascular plants occurring both on the Cumberland Plateau and the Coastal Plain has been discussed by Braun (1937). Mosses with a similar type of distribution have been mentioned by Sharp (1939). It is rather generally agreed that they represent species which were living in the Southern Appalachians before the emergence of the Coastal Plain. Other Sphagna of Tennessee which show a related type of distribution are: S. Pylaesii Brid. and S. cyclophyllum S. & L. The former species has been found on Mt. LeConte in the Smoky Mountains and its occurrence in North America was mapped by Sharp (1939). The latter moss was found on the edge of the Cumberland Plateau and its distribution discussed by Sharp (1942). The identities of these three Sphagna have been checked by Andrews, who gives a resume of their geographical distribution in his monograph of Sphagna (1913). The specimens mentioned above have been deposited in the herbarium of The University of Tennessee. THE UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE, KNOXVILLE 16, TENNESSEE.