Adriana de Miranda-Ribeiro

Quantum, tempo and parity effects in Brazil: period indicators and empirical evidence

The authors estimate and compare fertility indicators for different periods, focusing on those that correct distortions in the total fecundity rate (TFR) for a given period. The purpose is to raise and evaluate new possibilities of fertility analysis in Brazil. The indicators TFR, TFRPPR, PATFR, PATFRadjusted (K-O),PDTFR, and PADTFR are presented, as well as historical series of tempo and parity effects (K-O model)and mean age at childbearing. The data were taken from a database of birth histories obtained from the 1980, 1991, and 2000 Brazilian demographic censuses. Results show that changes in fertility in Brazil were accompanied by a negative tempo effect and a positive parity effect, meaning that the TFR observed was inflated. In the near future the Brazilian TFR may fall due to tempo effect.

Ganhos em expectativa de vida ao nascer no Brasil nos anos 2000: impacto das variações da mortalidade por idade e causas de morte

Life expectancy at birth is a synthetic mortality indicator that reflects the general living conditions of the population. Changes in mortality by age and causes of death generate no explicit changes in the indicator. The application of a decomposition method can bring light to the analysis of the phenomenon. The aim of this study was to estimate the contribution of age groups and causes of death in the variation in life expectancy at birth, for men and women, from 2000 to 2010, by applying Pollards decomposition method. Brazilian life tables were obtained from IBGE and death data from SIM. The results indicate that the age group that most contributed to the increase in life expectancy was of less than 1 year old. Among the defined causes, cardiovascular diseases were responsible for the largest increase in life expectancy.Resumo A expectativa de vida ao nascer e um indicador sintetico de mortalidade que reflete as condicoes gerais de vida de uma populacao. A variacao da mortalidade por idade e causas gera mudancas nao explicitas na analise simples do indicador. A aplicacao de um metodo que decomponha a variacao da expectativa de vida pode ajudar a melhor entender o fenomeno. O objetivo deste estudo foi mensurar a contribuicao dos grupos etarios e causas de morte na variacao da expectativa de vida ao nascer de homens e mulheres, a partir da aplicacao do metodo de decomposicao de Pollard aos dados brasileiros de 2000 e 2010. Foram utilizadas as tabuas de mortalidade disponibilizadas pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica e os dados de obitos do Sistema de Informacoes sobre Mortalidade. Os resultados mostram que o grupo etario que mais contribuiu para o aumento da expectativa de vida foi o dos menores de 1 ano de idade. Dentre as causas definidas, as doencas cardiovasculares foram as responsaveis pelo maior acrescimo a media de anos de vida dos brasileiros.

Efeitos tempo, parturição e quantum no Brasil: indicadores de período e evidências empíricas

The authors estimate and compare fertility indicators for different periods, focusing on those that correct distortions in the total fecundity rate (TFR) for a given period. The purpose is to raise and evaluate new possibilities of fertility analysis in Brazil. The indicators TFR, TFRPPR, PATFR, PATFRadjusted (K-O),PDTFR, and PADTFR are presented, as well as historical series of tempo and parity effects (K-O model)and mean age at childbearing. The data were taken from a database of birth histories obtained from the 1980, 1991, and 2000 Brazilian demographic censuses. Results show that changes in fertility in Brazil were accompanied by a negative tempo effect and a positive parity effect, meaning that the TFR observed was inflated. In the near future the Brazilian TFR may fall due to tempo effect.

Efectos tiempo, paridez y quantum en Brasil: indicadores de periodo y evidencias empíricas

The authors estimate and compare fertility indicators for different periods, focusing on those that correct distortions in the total fecundity rate (TFR) for a given period. The purpose is to raise and evaluate new possibilities of fertility analysis in Brazil. The indicators TFR, TFRPPR, PATFR, PATFRadjusted (K-O),PDTFR, and PADTFR are presented, as well as historical series of tempo and parity effects (K-O model)and mean age at childbearing. The data were taken from a database of birth histories obtained from the 1980, 1991, and 2000 Brazilian demographic censuses. Results show that changes in fertility in Brazil were accompanied by a negative tempo effect and a positive parity effect, meaning that the TFR observed was inflated. In the near future the Brazilian TFR may fall due to tempo effect.

The reconstruction of birth histories based on census data: a comparative analysis of two methodologies

The main objective of this article is to apply two methodologies for reconstructing birth histories - one developed by Cedeplar and another by Luther and Cho (1988) - based on 2000 Brazilian census data. The methodologies are compared and the results tested in order to verify the reliability of the findings and the practicality of each method. With this, the intention is to determine which methodology is best for Brazilian data, so that the available information can be fully explored. Most of the data are from the 2000 demographic census, but some are from Carvalho (1974, 1978), Carvalho and Pinheiro (1986), PRONEX/The Cedeplar Report (Cedeplar, 1999).The main objective of this article is to apply two methodologies for reconstructing birth histories – one developed by Cedeplar and another by Luther and Cho (1988) – based on 2000 Brazilian census data. The methodologies are compared and the results tested in order to verify the reliability of the findings and the practicality of each method. With this, the intention is to determine which methodology is best for Brazilian data, so that the available information can be fully explored. Most of the data are from the 2000 demographic census, but some are from Carvalho (1974, 1978), Carvalho and Pinheiro (1986), PRONEX/The Cedeplar Report (Cedeplar, 1999).

Reconstrucción del historial de nacimientos a partir de datos censales: un análisis comparativo de dos metodologías

The main objective of this article is to apply two methodologies for reconstructing birth histories - one developed by Cedeplar and another by Luther and Cho (1988) - based on 2000 Brazilian census data. The methodologies are compared and the results tested in order to verify the reliability of the findings and the practicality of each method. With this, the intention is to determine which methodology is best for Brazilian data, so that the available information can be fully explored. Most of the data are from the 2000 demographic census, but some are from Carvalho (1974, 1978), Carvalho and Pinheiro (1986), PRONEX/The Cedeplar Report (Cedeplar, 1999).The main objective of this article is to apply two methodologies for reconstructing birth histories – one developed by Cedeplar and another by Luther and Cho (1988) – based on 2000 Brazilian census data. The methodologies are compared and the results tested in order to verify the reliability of the findings and the practicality of each method. With this, the intention is to determine which methodology is best for Brazilian data, so that the available information can be fully explored. Most of the data are from the 2000 demographic census, but some are from Carvalho (1974, 1978), Carvalho and Pinheiro (1986), PRONEX/The Cedeplar Report (Cedeplar, 1999).