Afonso Carlos Corrêa Fleury

ALINHANDO ESTRATÉGIA E COMPETÊNCIAS

Competence, as a new concern among academics and practitioners, is being focused according to distinct conceptual approaches and applied to different facets of the organizational reality. Clearly, this creates the demand for the development of a theoretical model through which those distinct concepts might be integrated and applied to a better understanding of the organizational dynamics as well as an enhanced utilization of organizational development propositions. The following questions require clear answers for that model building process: What to say about the dynamic relationship between organizational competences and competitive strategies? In the case of the formation of productive chains would there be differences in the construction of competences in companies situated in different levels? What would be the implications for Human Resources Management? The theoretical model that was developed to provide support to the answering process, was empirically tested in a field research conducted among firms in the Telecommunications industry.

A relevância das iniciativas de subsidiárias para as multinacionais brasileiras

The purpose of this paper is to analyze relationship patterns between headquarters and subsidiaries of Brazilian Multinationals Enterprises (BrMNEs). The key construct for that investigation is Subsidiary Initiative, which comprises Subsidiary Entrepreneurial Orientation, Autonomy, Integration, Local Competitive Context and Business Network. A survey was carried out in a sample of 65 subsidiaries of 29 BrMNEs. The main outcome is that subsidiaries are highly integrated and receive Entrepreneurial Orientation from Headquarters (HQs), but Initiative is limited. Actually, the main determinants of subsidiary’s initiatives are Local Context and Business Networking in the host country. This apparent paradox may be explained by what we call ‘rebellious subsidiaries’, which take initiatives based on their business environment and connections, regardless of their HQs’ directions or delegation of autonomy.

In search of competence: aligning strategy and competences in the telecommunications industry

Competence management and management by competences are new concerns among academics and professionals. In this paper we argue that the most appropriate way to advance in the construction of a new managerial approach is by relating competence to the strategy of the organization. To make that operational we develop an analytical framework. Since competence has slightly different meanings in the North American and European literature, we first proceed to a revision of conceptual approaches. The analytical framework was empirically tested in a field survey conducted among companies in the Brazilian telecommunications industry.Competence management and management by competences are new concerns among academics and professionals. In this paper we argue that the most appropriate way to advance in the construction of a new managerial approach is by relating competence to the strategy of the organization. To make that operational we develop an analytical framework. Since competence has slightly different meanings in the North American and European literature, we first proceed to a revision of conceptual approaches. The analytical framework was empirically tested in a field survey conducted among companies in the Brazilian telecommunications industry.

Capacitação tecnológica e processo de trabalho: comparação entre o modelo japonês e o brasileiro

Technological development is being mentioned as a key factor for the recovery of Brazils economic growth. This article presents and discusses the issue of technological capability at firms level, pointing to the management of technology learning as the key factor in this process. Case studies prepared in Brazilian and Japanese firms are presented. One observes that the management of learning is a strategic element of the Japanese management system. This is seldom observed in the management practices of Brazilian firms.

Produtividade e organização do trabalho na indústria

1.Introducao;2. Oconceito de organizacao do trabalho;3. As linhas teoricassobre organizacao dotrabalho;4. Um modelo de contingencia sobre organizacaodo trabalho;5.A rotinizacao do trabalho;6. Ocentro-de-decisoes eaorganizacao dotrabalho;7.Produtividade xdesorganizacao dostrabalhadores.Afonso CarlosCorreaFleury**

Conhecimento Organizacional: uma revisão conceitual de modelos e quadros de referências

Com a crescente atencao que o estudo do conhecimento organizacional e de sua gestao tem recebido, existem diversas proposicoes, analises, modelos e quadros de referencia disponiveis na literatura. Este artigo faz uma analise detalhada de alguns dos principais artigos da area, especialmente aqueles sintetizando as classificacoes desenvolvidas nesses trabalhos, bem como as dimensoes e niveis de analise utilizados por eles. Ele tem como um de seus objetivos suprir a carencia de revisoes conceituais mais detalhadas em lingua portuguesa. De fato, embora o assunto desperte grande interesse, sao ainda poucos os trabalhos (em nossa lingua) que recuperam e analisam em mais detalhe os textos mais significativos na area. Este artigo seleciona 12 proposicoes, oriundas de tres correntes de pesquisa: Aprendizagem Organizacional, Visao da Empresa baseada no Conhecimento e Gestao do Conhecimento. Conclui-se que os estudos podem ser diferenciados de acordo com sua perspectiva, se cognitiva ou construtivista, e pelo seu carater, se prescritivo ou analitico. A distincao permite organizar e entender com mais clareza a literatura da area, que embora farta, soa, em certos momentos, dissonante, tornando o seu estudo mais complexo.

COMPETITIVIDADE SISTÊMICA: UM MODELO DE ANÁLISE DE CENÁRIOS PARA GESTÃO DE EMPRESAS

Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e validar modelo de gestao de empresas que atuam em cadeias produtivas caracterizadas pela turbulencia e pela pouca disponibilidade de indicadores, adaptando conceitos da Teoria das Restricoes (TTOC). O modelo, denominado Competitividade Sistemica, que permite coletar e interpretar dados, desenhar cenarios, alicercar decisoes e buscar a vantagem competitiva, foi desenvolvido com base no pensamento sistemico, nas estrategias de diferenciacao e nas de negociacao. Os resultados obtidos em 70 entrevistas na Cadeia Produtiva de Alimentos validaram a sua aplicabilidade e permitiram identificar tres pontos criticos a considerar na elaboracao das estrategias: enfase excessiva em custos; falta de visao sistemica; e conhecimento e competencias nao desenvolvidos de forma adequada. Ele pode ser tambem usado em cadeias estaveis, como leitura adicional, para complementar o cenario no qual atuam.

Centralização e descentralização de atividades de engenharia: dois estudos de caso

Este trabalho estuda arranjos organizacionais de empresas com multiplas unidades de engenharia. O aspecto da centralizacao/descentralizacao de atividades de engenharia foi estudado comparando-se duas empresas multinacionais de diferentes setores. Concluiu-se que entre os fatores de influencia na escolha da configuracao da empresa estao: complexidade da interface produto/usuario, relacionamento com fornecedores, trajetoria historica e disponibilidade de capacidade tecnica.

Performance assessment process model for international manufacturing networks

Multinational companies have manufacturing operations in various countries; however, there is scarce evidence on how they assess performance of the network-based operations of their factories, called international manufacturing networks (IMN). The purpose of this paper is to propose a process model for the performance assessment of IMNs.,The IMN performance assessment process model was developed from the extant literature and was empirically verified in its congruency and usefulness via a multiple case research. For that, in each case the general process model was derived into a specific application that fit the type of IMN on focus. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected from the case companies’ reports, profiling forms and interviews, followed by within-case and cross-case analyses.,Evidence suggest that the process model, along with its derivations, is a valuable tool to describe and explain how IMN performance assessment unfolds in real organizational environments. Additionally, three propositions emerged: IMN performance assessment has distinct characteristics depending on the type of IMN adopted, which in turn depends on the company’s internationalization strategy; IMN performance assessment has more strategic value and importance for companies that are globally coordinated and adopt “rooted” manufacturing strategies; and companies design their IMN performance assessment on a trial-and-error basis.,As all case-based research, this paper has generalizability limitations. Thus, next steps may include a large-scale survey and an action research that will develop and implement a full-fledged IMN performance assessment.,The process model and descriptive insights provide a diagnostic tool and subsidies that may encourage managers to review and improve their current IMN performance assessment.,The process model contributes to addressing a 20-year gap concerning how to approach IMN performance assessment in a holistic and systematic manner.

Recorded music supply network reconfiguration: the dual effect of digital technology

Current literature on the impact of technology innovation has mainly focused on manufacturing firms and networks and has considered technology impact as having an immediate effect on the supply network. This paper analyses how digital technology has impacted the recorded music supply network, a fast moving supply chain, arguing that it had a twofold effect. It was initially applied to the production process, displaying a competency enhancing effect but not changing substantially the industry structure and governance pattern. It was only when applied to the distribution process, the governance-granting process, that its impacts were fully deployed, allowing the entry of new types of players adopting new business models and challenging the former governance pattern: the hierarchical governance was replaced by a pattern in which agents organise themselves in project-based, adhoc configurations, and market access is not controlled by large companies.