Afonso Carneiro Lima

Análise quantitativa sobre a mortalidade precoce de micro e pequenas empresas da cidade de São Paulo

Abstract: The economic vigor of many countries is due to the success of small businesses. In Brazil, Sao Paulo state concentrates more than half of Brazilian small businesses. Therefore, studies dealing with high or low performance of micro and small businesses are of great relevance. This study aims at presenting a quantitative and qualitative analysis of factors associated to premature mortality of micro and small businesses in the city of Sao Paulo. For the quantitative analysis of the sample, which is statistically significant, multivariate analysis was used. The main result of this investigation is that factors associated with mortality are mainly of strategic nature, contrary to the common belief that resource insufficiency is the main reason for the closing of small businesses. This result may contribute to guide public policies, entrepreneurs, and research funding agencies on the formulation of their strategies with regard to the development of managerial competencies and skills for the success of micro and small businesses in Brazil.

Técnica de overbooking no atendimento público ambulatorial em uma unidade do Sistema Único de Saúde

Aspectos como otimizacao de recursos, reducao de custos, ganhos de qualidade e melhoria no atendimento receberam importância e sao fundamentais para a sustentabilidade das organizacoes. Este trabalho analisa a eficiencia no atendimento publico ambulatorial, onde a alta taxa de absenteismo por parte dos usuarios implica baixa utilizacao de recursos, enquanto que, paradoxalmente, a demanda por atendimento medico e nitidamente superior a oferta. A abordagem, quantitativa e de carater descritivo, analisa a utilizacao da tecnica de overbooking para reduzir os efeitos do absenteismo em um ambulatorio da rede publica. Mediante o uso de metodos estatisticos e matematicos, com base em dados de pacientes e agendamentos coletados em pesquisa, desenhou-se um interessante comparativo entre niveis de overbooking e respectivas taxas de utilizacao de recursos e niveis de servico para cada cenario analisado. Os resultados obtidos apontam ganhos expressivos de eficiencia, demonstrando o potencial de aumento do numero de atendimentos para uma mesma base de ativos.

Uma análise exploratória do processo de orçamento de capital em empresas algodoeiras

This purpose of this paper was to analyze the process of capital investment (machines and equipment) from the perspective of a multiple case study. From a qualitative and exploratory approach toward the data, a content analysis was used, a method that allowed identifying distinctive features of each unit investigated and making inferences about reasons, causes, and motivations. The results point to a more managerial approach targeted towards attempting to ensure satisfactory operating results in the short term. Hence, most of the gins investigated seem to be more susceptible to the uncertainties of the environment in which they operate since there is a limited consideration of the possibilities that investments might bring to them, as well as an inherent risk management approach; behavioral aspects such latency were verified in investment decisions performed by the managers interviewed.

A qualitative analysis of capital budgeting in cotton ginning plants

Purpose To analyze capital budgeting practice in a group of small cotton ginning firms in Brazil. The study aims at describing how investment decision-making in the agribusiness context may be influenced by heuristics and by the business setting. Design/methodology/approach This research adopted an exploratory and qualitative approach in gauging the practice of capital budgeting in Brazilian cotton ginning firms and discussing actual managerial decision-making. Data collection involved interviews with managers of ten different firms and a further content analysis was performed. Findings Results reveal a practical managerial approach aimed at ensuring satisfactory net operating results in the short run. Sophistication in capital budgeting is not considered as essential, as institutional and strategic environment influences directly affect impose high risks. Investment decision-making is highly influenced by managerial experience. Research limitations/implications Because of the chosen research approach, results may lack generalizability. However, in addressing a specific sector in a specific location, one can identify and craft strategies in response to managerial needs more effectively. Practical implications The paper clarifies how heuristics, managerial experience and the institutional context may influence investment decision-making in cotton ginning operations. It also suggests how actions aimed at evaluating risk and improving the screening of investment perspectives could contribute to improve investment decisions. Originality/value The paper provides an in-depth perspective in addressing the practice of capital budgeting in the context of a specific activity and describing key issues related to it.

Overbooking in an outpatient healthcare facility in the Brazilian Unified National Health System

Aspectos como otimizacao de recursos, reducao de custos, ganhos de qualidade e melhoria no atendimento receberam importância e sao fundamentais para a sustentabilidade das organizacoes. Este trabalho analisa a eficiencia no atendimento publico ambulatorial, onde a alta taxa de absenteismo por parte dos usuarios implica baixa utilizacao de recursos, enquanto que, paradoxalmente, a demanda por atendimento medico e nitidamente superior a oferta. A abordagem, quantitativa e de carater descritivo, analisa a utilizacao da tecnica de overbooking para reduzir os efeitos do absenteismo em um ambulatorio da rede publica. Mediante o uso de metodos estatisticos e matematicos, com base em dados de pacientes e agendamentos coletados em pesquisa, desenhou-se um interessante comparativo entre niveis de overbooking e respectivas taxas de utilizacao de recursos e niveis de servico para cada cenario analisado. Os resultados obtidos apontam ganhos expressivos de eficiencia, demonstrando o potencial de aumento do numero de atendimentos para uma mesma base de ativos.

Critical aspects of telework in a multinational company

Amidst the changes in the business world, companies are constantly forced to adapt by reviewing their policies, their processes and their practices and work routines. Among various working practices, teleworking is a controversial theme in management and worthy of more in-depth studies. Based on this premise, the following research question is proposed: What are the critical elements for telework programs’ sustainability in a multinational company? This article aims to describe and characterize teleworkers’ views regarding telework as a human resources practice, its advantages and disadvantages, as well as the challenge of making it a strategically oriented practice. A study was carried out in a telework program for interns of a multinational company. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with twelve trainees and examined through a content analysis with the aid of the software NVivo 9. The analysis provided seven categories regarding the percep¬tions of the program participants. Among advantages identified are the positive relationships between telework and academic activities, the flexibility provided, as well as professional development as a result of autonomous setting of individual working goals. On the other hand, the working hours, the difficulty of untying personal life from work and problems with visibility within the organization – which is important in terms of career advancement – were singled out as major difficulties of this work mode.Amidst the changes in the business world, companies are constantly forced to adapt by reviewing their policies, their processes and their practices and work routines. Among various working practices, teleworking is a controversial theme in management and worthy of more in-depth studies. Based on this premise, the following research question is proposed: What are the critical elements for telework programs’ sustainability in a multinational company? This article aims to describe and characterize teleworkers’ views regarding telework as a human resources practice, its advantages and disadvantages, as well as the challenge of making it a strategically oriented practice. A study was carried out in a telework program for interns of a multinational company. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with twelve trainees and examined through a content analysis with the aid of the software NVivo 9 . The analysis provided seven categories regarding the perceptions of the program participants. Among advantages identified are the positive relationships between telework and academic activities, the flexibility provided, as well as professional development as a result of autonomous setting of individual working goals. On the other hand, the working hours, the difficulty of untying personal life from work and problems with visibility within the organization – which is important in terms of career advancement – were singled out as major difficulties of this work mode.

Aspectos críticos del teletrabajo en una compañía multinacional

Amidst the changes in the business world, companies are constantly forced to adapt by reviewing their policies, their processes and their practices and work routines. Among various working practices, teleworking is a controversial theme in management and worthy of more in-depth studies. Based on this premise, the following research question is proposed: What are the critical elements for telework programs’ sustainability in a multinational company? This article aims to describe and characterize teleworkers’ views regarding telework as a human resources practice, its advantages and disadvantages, as well as the challenge of making it a strategically oriented practice. A study was carried out in a telework program for interns of a multinational company. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with twelve trainees and examined through a content analysis with the aid of the software NVivo 9. The analysis provided seven categories regarding the percep¬tions of the program participants. Among advantages identified are the positive relationships between telework and academic activities, the flexibility provided, as well as professional development as a result of autonomous setting of individual working goals. On the other hand, the working hours, the difficulty of untying personal life from work and problems with visibility within the organization – which is important in terms of career advancement – were singled out as major difficulties of this work mode.Amidst the changes in the business world, companies are constantly forced to adapt by reviewing their policies, their processes and their practices and work routines. Among various working practices, teleworking is a controversial theme in management and worthy of more in-depth studies. Based on this premise, the following research question is proposed: What are the critical elements for telework programs’ sustainability in a multinational company? This article aims to describe and characterize teleworkers’ views regarding telework as a human resources practice, its advantages and disadvantages, as well as the challenge of making it a strategically oriented practice. A study was carried out in a telework program for interns of a multinational company. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with twelve trainees and examined through a content analysis with the aid of the software NVivo 9 . The analysis provided seven categories regarding the perceptions of the program participants. Among advantages identified are the positive relationships between telework and academic activities, the flexibility provided, as well as professional development as a result of autonomous setting of individual working goals. On the other hand, the working hours, the difficulty of untying personal life from work and problems with visibility within the organization – which is important in terms of career advancement – were singled out as major difficulties of this work mode.

Aspectos críticos do teletrabalho em uma companhia multinacional

Amidst the changes in the business world, companies are constantly forced to adapt by reviewing their policies, their processes and their practices and work routines. Among various working practices, teleworking is a controversial theme in management and worthy of more in-depth studies. Based on this premise, the following research question is proposed: What are the critical elements for telework programs’ sustainability in a multinational company? This article aims to describe and characterize teleworkers’ views regarding telework as a human resources practice, its advantages and disadvantages, as well as the challenge of making it a strategically oriented practice. A study was carried out in a telework program for interns of a multinational company. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with twelve trainees and examined through a content analysis with the aid of the software NVivo 9. The analysis provided seven categories regarding the percep¬tions of the program participants. Among advantages identified are the positive relationships between telework and academic activities, the flexibility provided, as well as professional development as a result of autonomous setting of individual working goals. On the other hand, the working hours, the difficulty of untying personal life from work and problems with visibility within the organization – which is important in terms of career advancement – were singled out as major difficulties of this work mode.Amidst the changes in the business world, companies are constantly forced to adapt by reviewing their policies, their processes and their practices and work routines. Among various working practices, teleworking is a controversial theme in management and worthy of more in-depth studies. Based on this premise, the following research question is proposed: What are the critical elements for telework programs’ sustainability in a multinational company? This article aims to describe and characterize teleworkers’ views regarding telework as a human resources practice, its advantages and disadvantages, as well as the challenge of making it a strategically oriented practice. A study was carried out in a telework program for interns of a multinational company. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with twelve trainees and examined through a content analysis with the aid of the software NVivo 9 . The analysis provided seven categories regarding the perceptions of the program participants. Among advantages identified are the positive relationships between telework and academic activities, the flexibility provided, as well as professional development as a result of autonomous setting of individual working goals. On the other hand, the working hours, the difficulty of untying personal life from work and problems with visibility within the organization – which is important in terms of career advancement – were singled out as major difficulties of this work mode.

Práctica de overbooking en la atención ambulatoria pública dentro de una unidad del Sistema Único de Salud

Aspectos como otimizacao de recursos, reducao de custos, ganhos de qualidade e melhoria no atendimento receberam importância e sao fundamentais para a sustentabilidade das organizacoes. Este trabalho analisa a eficiencia no atendimento publico ambulatorial, onde a alta taxa de absenteismo por parte dos usuarios implica baixa utilizacao de recursos, enquanto que, paradoxalmente, a demanda por atendimento medico e nitidamente superior a oferta. A abordagem, quantitativa e de carater descritivo, analisa a utilizacao da tecnica de overbooking para reduzir os efeitos do absenteismo em um ambulatorio da rede publica. Mediante o uso de metodos estatisticos e matematicos, com base em dados de pacientes e agendamentos coletados em pesquisa, desenhou-se um interessante comparativo entre niveis de overbooking e respectivas taxas de utilizacao de recursos e niveis de servico para cada cenario analisado. Os resultados obtidos apontam ganhos expressivos de eficiencia, demonstrando o potencial de aumento do numero de atendimentos para uma mesma base de ativos.

EMREENDEDORISMO ESTRATÉGICO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NA INDÚSTRIA AUTOMOBILÍSTICA

This work addresses an entrepreneurial phenomenon of strategic administration within the automobile industry: the creation of the automaker Troller Veiculos Especiais (TVE). The case study at hand is justified by the positioning of this company around two market niches and its relative success in an industry characterized by few and powerful players. Our aim was to analyze the entrepreneurial and strategic process of discovering opportunity, the analysis used for internal and external factors, and the adoption of its strategic positioning in exploring two automobile market niches: in the B2B market, vehicles adapted to specific operational functions; and in the B2C, off-road vehicles with a strong appeal to consumers’ life styles. This case study allowed us to visualize the challenging path of a genuinely Brazilian small company in a sector dominated by large multinational groups, besides demonstrating decisionrelated dilemmas and aspects related to managerial creativity. Key-words: Automobile industry. Case study. Strategic entrepreneurship. Discovery theory. Strategic positioning. Strategic entrepreneurship: a case in the brazilian automobile industry Emreendedorismo estrategico: um estudo de caso na industria automobilistica Future Studies Research Journa l ISSN 2175-5825 Sao Paulo, v. 1, n. 2, pp. 142-163, Jul./Dez. 2009 144 1 INTRODUCAO Do ponto de vista academico, o empreendedorismo pode ser definido como a analise de como, quem e com quais efeitos, as oportunidades para a criacao de bens e servicos futuros sao descobertas, avaliadas e exploradas (Shane; Venkataraman, 2000). O cenario competitivo do seculo XXI moldado em grande parte pelas novas tecnologias e pela globalizacao e fortemente influenciado pela incerteza (Hitt et al., 2001; MaleckI, 1997; Aloulou; Fayolle, 2005). Em condicoes de incerteza, evidenciam-se o aumento dos riscos gerenciais, a crescente dificuldade em se realizar previsoes, a diluicao das fronteiras entre empresas e industrias, o surgimento de novas formas estruturais, e a mentalidade gerencial inovadora (Hitt et al., 2001; kuratko; audretsch, 2009). Devido a esse cenario competitivo, a sinergia entre o empreendedorismo e a administracao estrategica vem sendo cada vez mais explorada em trabalhos academicos (Companys; Mcmullen, 2007; Ireland, 2007; Kuratko; Audretsch, 2009; Patzelt; Shepherd, 2009; Ramachandran et al, 2006; Steffens et al, 2009) a partir do conceito de empreendedorismo estrategico. Empreendedorismo estrategico representa a acao de se dedicar simultaneamente a busca de oportunidades e a vantagem competitiva para a criacao e implementacao de estrategias empreendedoras visando a criacao de riqueza (Hitt et al., 2003, p. 416). Embora nao seja um pensamento recente (Murray, 1984; Verstraete, 2002), o campo do empreendedorismo estrategico ainda se encontra em fase de construcao, sem um paradigma de pesquisa claro (Ireland, 2007; Kraus; Kauranem, 2009). Este artigo, sob a abordagem de um estudo de caso, focou a concepcao e a estruturacao de uma montadora de veiculos na regiao nordeste do Brasil, utilizando-se da teoria supracitada. O objetivo de pesquisa foi investigar o processo de descoberta de oportunidade, as potenciais forcas e fraquezas do empreendimento, identificadas em seu estado inicial, e o posicionamento estrategico da empresa frente a uma industria caracterizada por poucos e poderosos players. 1 “The scholarly examination of how, by whom, and with what effects opportunities to create future goods and services are discovered, evaluated, and exploited.” Afonso Carneiro Lima; Edison Fernandes Polo e Fatima Regina Ney Matos Future Studies Research Journa l ISSN 2175-5825 Sao Paulo, v. 1, n. 2, pp. 142-163, Jul./Dez. 2009 145 Este estudo de caso se justifica pela sua singularidade no setor automobilistico brasileiro: um empreendimento idealizado e implantado sob mobilizacao de capital 100% nacional cujos frutos renderam consideravel popularidade no segmento de veiculos off-road. Trata-se, portanto, de um trabalho exploratorio. Outra justificativa diz respeito ao campo teorico em o caso se fundamenta. Uma vez que ainda nao se tem um paradigma de pesquisa definido, faz-se importante a sistematizacao de pesquisas que venham a contribuir para sua delimitacao ou a exploracao de novas possibilidades de abordagem. Alem disso, casos como este possuem relevância pratica na medida em que convidam empresarios e gerentes a refletirem sobre possiveis esforcos que possam direcionar suas organizacoes a um estado desejado.