Alex Caetano Pimenta

Caracterização morfológica de frutos, sementes e plântulas de araticunzeiro (Annona crassiflora Mart - Annonaceae)

Araticum (Annona crassiflora Mart. - Annonaceae) is a species with great ecological importance and potential for fruit production. Its fruits, seeds and seedlings were morphologically described in this article as being the main objective of this study. To describe and illustrate the examples, 100 seeds and 42 fruits were analyzed; the latter being collected in Santo Antonio do Leverger - MT - Brazil, in 2011. To describe the morphology of the seedling, 100 seeds were germinated in two different environments. The araticum plant has a compound, multiple strobiliform, globose-subglobose and fleshy fruit, with average measures of 12.9 cm length, 13.5 cm width, 12.7 cm thickness, weight of 1,187.0 g and 99.2 seeds per fruit. The seeds are obovoid, hairless, smooth with a bony aspect and a pale brown color; they have an average of 17. 7 mm length, 10.8 mm width and 8.3 thickness. Epigeous and phanerocotylar germination begins about 148 days after sowing. All morphological data of araticum fruits, seeds and seedlings can be used to recognize the botanical family and, when associated to other features, to recognize the species in the field.

Caracterização de plantas e de frutos de araticunzeiro (Annona crassiflora Mart.) nativos no Cerrado Matogrossense

The araticunzeiro (Annona crassiflora Mart - Annonaceae) is a native fruit from the Brazilian Cerrado requiring studies to generate data to support research related to its domestication. This research aimed to study a population of araticunzeiro relating to the stem diameter and plant height, production, and physical and physical-chemical characterization of its fruits. Diameter of stem, height, and fruit yield of plants were measured. In the fruits, longitudinal (LD) and transverse (TD) diameters, the LD/TD ratio, the masses of fruit, peel, seed, and pulp were analyzed; and the pulp yield was calculated. In the pulp, determination of soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, pH, and moisture were performed. The trees had stem diameter of 10.4±3.1 cm and height of 3.7±0.7 m with an average yield of 6.0±3.6 fruits per plant. On average, fruits presented 14.2±1.4 LD, 15.2±2.2 TD, and 0.9±0.1 LD/TD ratio; they presented 1,565.5±508.5 g average mass; and masses of peel, seeds, and pulp presented 662.2±198.2 g, 179.8±66.2 g, and 723.5±276.7 g averages, respectively, with average pulp yield equal to 45.9±4.7% of the fruit. In pulp, SS average of 17.60±1.86 oBrix, TA of 0.37±0.11% malic acid, SS/TA ratio of 52.23±17.64,4, 45±0.23 pH, and average humidity equal to 74.3±2.86%.. The araticunzeiro has physical and chemical characteristics that make it an alternative to the native Brazilian fruit production.

Germinação de sementes de Barbacenia Paranaensis (Velloziacea)

Barbacenia paranaensis e a unica representante da familia Velloziaceae no Estado do Parana, de habito rupicola e saxicola, incluida na lista de plantas raras do Brasil. Possui sementes pequenas, as quais necessitam de requerimentos especificos para que a germinacao ocorra, tais como luz e temperaturas. Assim, objetivando avaliar a germinacao de suas sementes foram elaborados tratamentos com quatro diferentes temperaturas (20oC, 25oC, 30oC e 20 - 30oC) em duas condicoes de luz (luz constante e ausencia de luz), analisados num delineamento inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial (4x2) com quatro repeticoes de 25 sementes cada. Foram consideradas as variaveis teste de germinacao, primeira contagem de germinacao e indice de velocidade de germinacao, sendo possivel concluir que as sementes de Barbacenia paranaensis sao fotoblasticas neutras e a faixa de temperatura otima para germinacao e entre 25oC e 30oC.