Ali Hasanbeigi

Quantifying the co-benefits of energy-efficiency policies: A case study of the cement industry in Shandong Province, China

In 2010, Chinas cement industry accounted for more than half of the worlds total cement production. The cement industry is one of the most energy-intensive and highest carbon dioxide (CO2)-emitting industries, and thus a key industrial contributor to air pollution in China. For example, it is the largest source of particulate matter (PM) emissions in China, accounting for 40% of industrial PM emissions and 27% of total national PM emissions. In this study, we quantify the co-benefits of PM10 and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission reductions that result from energy-saving measures in the cement industry in Shandong Province, China. We use a modified form of the cost of conserved energy (CCE) equation to incorporate the value of these co-benefits. The results show that more than 40% of the PM and SO2 emission reduction potential of the electricity-saving measures is cost effective even without taking into account the co-benefits for the electricity-saving measures. The results also show that including health benefits from PM10 and/or SO2 emission reductions reduces the CCE of the fuel-saving measures. Two measures that entail changing products (production of blended cement and limestone Portland cement) result in the largest reduction in CCE when co-benefits were included, since these measures can reduce both PM10 and SO2 emissions, whereas the other fuel-saving measures do not reduce PM10.

Analysis of Energy-Efficiency Opportunities for the Cement Industry in Shandong Province, China

E RNEST O RLANDO L AWRENCE B ERKELEY N ATIONAL L ABORATORY Analysis of Energy-Efficiency Opportunities for the Cement Industry in Shandong Province, China (Revision) Lynn Price, Ali Hasanbeigi, Hongyou Lu China Energy Group, Energy Analysis Department Environmental Energy Technologies Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Wang Lan China Building Materials Academy October 2009 This work was supported by the China Sustainable Energy Program of the Energy Foundation through the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Funding for LBNL collaborators was provided by the World Bank through the Energy and Transport Sector Unit of the East Asia and Pacific Region (EASTE). The U.S. Government retains, and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges, that the U.S. Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes.

Assessment of Energy Efficiency Improvement and CO2 Emission Reduction Potentials in the Iron and Steel Industry in China

LBNL-XXXX E RNEST O RLANDO L AWRENCE B ERKELEY N ATIONAL L ABORATORY Assessment of Energy Efficiency Improvement and CO 2 Emission Reduction Potentials in the Iron and Steel Industry in China Ali Hasanbeigi, William Morrow, Jayant Sathaye, Eric Masanet, Tengfang Xu Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Department, Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA May 2012 This study is sponsored by Climate Economics Branch, Climate Change Division of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, under Contract No. DE- AC02-05CH11231 with the U.S. Department of Energy.

Industrial Energy Audit Guidebook: Guidelines for Conducting an Energy Audit in Industrial Facilities

Various studies in different countries have shown that significant energy-efficiency improvement opportunities exist in the industrial sector, many of which are cost-effective. These energy-efficiency options include both cross-cutting as well as sector-specific measures. However, industrial plants are not always aware of energy-efficiency improvement potentials. Conducting an energy audit is one of the first steps in identifying these potentials. Even so, many plants do not have the capacity to conduct an effective energy audit. In some countries, government policies and programs aim to assist industry to improve competitiveness through increased energy efficiency. However, usually only limited technical and financial resources for improving energy efficiency are available, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises. Information on energy auditing and practices should, therefore, be prepared and disseminated to industrial plants. This guidebook provides guidelines for energy auditors regarding the key elements for preparing for an energy audit, conducting an inventory and measuring energy use, analyzing energy bills, benchmarking, analyzing energy use patterns, identifying energy-efficiency opportunities, conducting cost-benefit analysis, preparing energy audit reports, and undertaking post-audit activities. The purpose of this guidebook is to assist energy auditors and engineers in the plant to conduct a well-structured and effective energy audit.

Emerging Energy-efficiency and CO{sub 2} Emission-reduction Technologies for Cement and Concrete Production

Globally, the cement industry accounts for approximately 5 percent of current anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) emissions. World cement demand and production are increasing significantly, leading to an increase in this industrys absolute energy use and CO{sub 2} emissions. Development of new energy-efficiency and CO{sub 2} emission-reduction technologies and their deployment in the market will be key for the cement industrys mid- and long-term climate change mitigation strategies. This report is an initial effort to compile available information on process description, energy savings, environmental and other benefits, costs, commercialization status, and references for emerging technologies to reduce the cement industrys energy use and CO{sub 2} emissions. Although studies from around the world identify a variety of sector-specific and cross-cutting energy-efficiency technologies for the cement industry that have already been commercialized, information is scarce and/or scattered regarding emerging or advanced energy-efficiency and low-carbon technologies that are not yet commercialized. This report consolidates available information on nineteen emerging technologies for the cement industry, with the goal of providing engineers, researchers, investors, cement companies, policy makers, and other interested parties with easy access to a well-structured database of information on these technologies.

China Energy and Emissions Paths to 2030

E RNEST O RLANDO L AWRENCE B ERKELEY N ATIONAL L ABORATORY China Energy and Emissions Paths to 2030 David Fridley, Nina Zheng, Nan Zhou, Jing Ke, Ali Hasanbeigi, Bill Morrow, and Lynn Price China Energy Group, Energy Analysis Department Environmental Energy Technologies Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory January 2011 This work was supported by the Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth, Kyoto, Japan, through the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE- AC02-05CH11231.

National Level Co-Control Study of the Targets for Energy Intensity and Sulfur Dioxide in China

E RNEST O RLANDO L AWRENCE B ERKELEY N ATIONAL L ABORATORY National Level Co-Control Study of the Targets for Energy Intensity and Sulfur Dioxide in China Nan Zhou, Lynn Price, Nina Zheng, Jing Ke, and Ali Hasanbeigi China Energy Group Energy Analysis Department Environmental Energy Technologies Division October 2011 This work was supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.

A Bottom-up Energy Efficiency Improvement Roadmap for China’s Iron and Steel Industry up to 2050

Author(s): Zhang, Qi; Hasanbeigi, Ali; Price, Lynn; Lu, Hongyou; Arens, Marlene | Abstract: Iron and steel manufacturing is energy intensive in China and in the world. China is the world largest steel producer accounting for around half of the world steel production. In this study, we use a bottom-up energy consumption model to analyze four steel-production and energy-efficiency scenarios and evaluate the potential for energy savings from energy-efficient technologies in China’s iron and steel industry between 2010 and 2050. The results show that China’s steel production will rise and peak in the year 2020 at 860 million tons (Mt) per year for the base-case scenario and 680 Mt for the advanced energy-efficiency scenario. From 2020 on, production will gradually decrease to about 510 Mt and 400 Mt in 2050, for the base-case and advanced scenarios, respectively. Energy intensity will decrease from 21.2 gigajoules per ton (G/t) in 2010 to 12.2 GJ/t and 9.9 GJ/t in 2050 for the base-case and advanced scenarios, respectively. In the near term, decreases in iron and steel industry energy intensity will come from adoption of energy-efficient technologies. In the long term, a shift in the production structure of China’s iron and steel industry, reducing the share of blast furnace/basic oxygen furnace production and increasing the share of electric-arc furnace production while reducing the use of pig iron as a feedstock to electric-arc furnaces will continue to reduce the sector’s energy consumption. We discuss barriers to achieving these energy-efficiency gains and make policy recommendations to support improved energy efficiency and a shift in the nature of iron and steel production in China.

Energy-Efficiency and Air-Pollutant Emissions-Reduction Opportunities for the Ammonia Industry in China

Author(s): Ma, Ding; Hasanbeigi, Ali; Chen, Wenying | Abstract: As one of the most energy-intensive and polluting industries, ammonia production is responsible for significant carbon dioxide (CO2) and air-pollutant emissions. Although many energy-efficiency measures have been proposed by the Chinese government to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and improve air quality, lack of understanding of the cost-effectiveness of such improvements has been a barrier to implementing these measures. Assessing the costs, benefits, and cost-effectiveness of different energy-efficiency measures is essential to advancing this understanding. In this study, a bottom-up energy conservation supply curve model is developed to estimate the potential for energy savings and emissions reductions from 26 energy-efficiency measures that could be applied in China’s ammonia industry. Cost-effective implementation of these measures saves a potential 271.5 petajoules/year for fuel and 5,443 gigawatt-hours/year for electricity, equal to 14% of fuel and 14% of electricity consumed in China’s ammonia industry in 2012. These reductions could mitigate 26.7 million tonnes of CO2 emissions. This study also quantifies the co-benefits of reducing air-pollutant emissions and water use that would result from saving energy in China’s ammonia industry. This quantitative analysis advances our understanding of the cost-effectiveness of energy-efficiency measures and can be used to augment efforts to reduce energy use and environmental impacts.

Energy Efficiency Potential for China’s Cement Industry: A Bottom-Up Technology-Level Analysis

China’s annual cement production (i.e., 1,868 Mt) in 2010 accounted for nearly half of the world’s annual cement production in the same year. We analyzed 23 energy efficiency technologies and measures applicable to the processes in the cement industry. Using a bottom-up electricity conservation supply curve model, the cumulative cost-effective electricity savings potential for the Chinese cement industry for 2010-2030 is estimated to be 410 TWh, and the total technical electricity saving potential is 468 TWh. The fuel conservation supply curve model for the cement industry shows cumulative cost-effective fuel savings potential of 6,248 PJ-equivalent to the total technical potential.