Aline Megumi Arakawa

Análise de diferentes estudos epidemiológicos em Audiologia realizados no Brasil

TEMA: a audicao, responsavel pela aquisicao e desenvolvimento da linguagem, e um dos sentidos que permitem a ocorrencia das relacoes interpessoais e com o meio ambiente. Desta forma, o levantamento epidemiologico da prevalencia de deficientes auditivos em uma comunidade e de extrema importância para a adequacao das medidas de saude publica nos varios niveis de prevencao. OBJETIVO: verificar na literatura cientifica, estudos que tiveram por interesse a busca de conhecimento no âmbito epidemiologico relacionados a perda auditiva no Brasil. Foram utilizados um total de 13 artigos sendo, 11 de estudos transversais, um estudo caso-controle, e outro estudo de coorte. CONCLUSAO: Os trabalhadores expostos a ruido ocupacional tem recebido maior atencao por parte dos estudos epidemiologicos, diferentemente da populacao idosa e neonatal. Apenas um estudo com base populacional, seguindo o Protocolo sugerido pela OMS, foi realizado. E importante a realizacao de mais estudos relacionados a deficiencia auditiva no pais a fim de elaborar acoes de saude e assistencia adequadas as necessidades locais.

Percepção dos usuários do sus: expectativa e satisfação do atendimento na Estratégia de Saúde da Família

OBJETIVO: este trabalho buscou analisar as percepcoes quanto a satisfacao e expectativas dos usuarios dos servicos de saude de um territorio atendido pela Estrategia de Saude da Familia (ESF), do municipio de Bauru, Estado de Sao Paulo, e assim, promover um direcionamento no acolhimento e atencao dada aos individuos ali atendidos. METODO: trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que utilizou a analise do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Fizeram parte da pesquisa 10 usuarios da ESF selecionados por meio de amostragem oportunista. Foi utilizado um questionario semi-estruturado e as entrevistas foram gravadas em audio para posterior analise do discurso. A referida pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comite de Etica em Pesquisa (CEP) da FOB/USP bem como pela Secretaria Municipal de Saude, sob protocolo numero 167/2009.Para aprovacao neste CEP, a pesquisa contou com o cadastro no Conselho Nacional de Saude (CONEP), via Sistema Nacional de Etica em Pesquisa (SISNEP) RESULTADOS: verificou-se com os resultados obtidos que os usuarios estao satisfeitos com o atendimento recebido. Alem disso, notou-se a presenca da participacao popular quanto a divisao de responsabilidades no cuidado a saude. No entanto, apresentaram queixas quanto a lentidao no referenciamento para a media e a alta complexidade. CONCLUSAO: a Fonoaudiologia concentra parte das suas atividades na media e alta complexidade, niveis citados como insatisfacao do usuario. Assim sendo, sugere-se o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa em locais cuja atuacao fonoaudiologica esteja presente.

A contribuição de estudos transversais na área da linguagem com enfoque em afasia

BACKGROUND: one of the most widely delineations used in epidemiological research is the cross-sectional study. It consists of a very useful tool for describing characteristics of the population and identifying risk groups. Considering aphasia as a disintegration of language, it is necessary to understand the dissociations and relevant commitments. PURPOSE: to analyze epidemiological studies that analyzed cross-sectional changes in adult aphasic patients in order to investigate their main manifestations. CONCLUSION: the cross-sectional studies show ways to understand how this change in health covers signs and symptoms. Whereas the language, for being a privileged mean of communication for the aphasic people, the loss of this instrument becomes a source of isolation and loneliness. Thus, the identification of individuals with aphasia may contribute to accurate diagnosis, confirming the understanding of speech pathology findings on language and assisting in the rehabilitation. But, these scientific evidences should be effected at all longitudinal studies in order to support the creation of new techniques and strategies for recovering the injured brain, favoring the improvement of communication and in consequence the interactivity.

Correlation between dental caries and nutritional status: preschool children in a Brazilian municipality

INTRODUCTION: Dental caries and nutritional status in children in preschool age are serious public health problems, with multifactorial etiology, with diet as a common risk factor. OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study assessed the relationship between dental caries and nutritional status of preschool children attending public schools in a city in the State of Sao Paulo. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study population was comprised of 3-5 year-old preschool children (n = 229) attending public schools, in which dmft (decay, missing, filled, teeth) was used for dental caries assessment and Body Mass Index (BMI) was used for nutritional status in accordance with the recommendations of the World Health Organization. Statistical analysis was performed in a descriptive way through absolute and relative frequencies and Spearman Correlation test and Kruskal Wallis (P<0.05). RESULT: A dmft of 1.65 (2.87) and a SiC index (Significant Caries Index) of 4.88 (3.20) have been found, indicating polarization of dental caries. It was observed that 66.81% of children presented with nutritional status within the normal range and children with malnutrition had a mean dmft of 4.0 (3.66), which is two times higher than the other categories of nutritional status. No statistically significant correlation has been found by correlating dmft and components with Body Mass Index. CONCLUSION: This research did not identify a significant correlation between the occurrence of dental caries and nutritional status of preschool children, researches should be conducted to elucidate this relationship.

Gestão em saúde: o aprendizado e a formação acadêmica de estudantes de graduação

PURPOSE: to compare the previous and posterior education-learning knowledge of the 3rd year students of speech-language and hearing pathologys students about the topic Health Management. METHOD: the subjects were asked to answer a protocol before and after one year Health Management taught to be obtained the information about the learning and the relation with health-disease process, own daily lives management and what they consider a management guiding principle in the Seepch-language and hearing profession. Data were analyzed with the application of qualitative methodology Arvore de Associacao de Ideias. RESULTS: the results were organized in three categories (1) Health-disease process, (2) Recovery health, (3) Speech-language and hearing pathology: therapy as a cure. In the first category it was observed that students changed the ideia of the conceptualization of health as opposed to the disease to a factor inherent in the quality of life. In the second category self-medication and the search for private care were found. And the third category they indicated the need of speech-language and hearing therapists work holistically to improve the individuals quality of life. CONCLUSION: the undergraduate training in speech-language and hearing pathology elicited partial understanding of health-disease process as a primary guideline and the challenge will be to initiate new instabilities production and provide full conditions for this knowledge capillarity in the disciplines of speech-language and hearing sciences.