Ana Cláudia Maia Soares

In vitro and in vivo action of Piptadenia viridiflora (Kunth) Benth against Haemonchus contortus in sheep.

Anthelminthic resistant populations of Haemonchus contortus are a major problem in sheep rearing, but plant extracts may offer viable alternative treatments. In our preliminary studies, Piptadenia viridiflora was frequently selected by sheep grazing in the Cerrado. The present research evaluated its in vitro and in vivo anthelmintic activity. The HPLC chromatograms of P. viridiflora aqueous extract (AE) and ethanolic extract (EE) showed the presence of flavonoids. The total condensed tannin (proanthocyanidin) was 0.2 and 1.01% in AE and EE, respectively. In an egg hatching inhibition (EHI) test, the LC90 of AE was 2.4mg/mL, and, of EE, was 2.1mg/mL. After tannin extraction, higher EHI and lower LC90 were observed. In a larval development inhibition test, the LC90 of AE was 13.66mg/g of fecal culture. The highest dose of AE administered to mice (203.0mg/kg bw) was well tolerated, suggesting low toxicity. In vivo, AE was orally administered to lambs at 283mg/kg bw, and, at weeks one, two, and three post-treatment, the mean fecal egg count (FEC) was significantly lower than in untreated lambs (P<0.05). Blood parameters were normal and similar in untreated and treated sheep. For all lamb groups, the mean total serum protein was significantly higher at week two post-treatment than at other evaluated periods (P<0.05). Piptadenia viridiflora extracts had low condensed tannin content and exhibited high anthelminthic efficacy in vitro and significantly reduced FEC. Tannins were not shown to be the principal components affecting EHI, hence it is necessary to isolate and characterize the principal active P. viridiflora compounds, and to assess their possible synergism.

Desempenho de bezerros leiteiros em aleitamento artificial convencional ou fracionado

This study aimed to evaluate the intake, performance and incidence of diarrhea in Holstein dairy calves, besides perform the technical and economic analysis of the artificial fed milk conventional and fractionated. Were used 22 animals, 12 males and 10 females, with an average initial of body weight of 37.26kg (±3.42), allotted in a randomized block design housed in individual pens until 59 days old of animals. The feed milk conventional consisted of four liters of milk daily for 59 days and fractionated, six liters of 6 ° to 25 °, four liters of 26 o to 45 o and two liters of 46 o to 59 o days old, besides, hay Cynodon sp., water and mineral supplement provided ad libitum. The food consumption and incidence of days with diarrhea were monitored daily and the animals were weighed and measured weekly. The consumption data, daily weight gain, measures of growth, feed conversion and the incidence of days with diarrhea were analyzed in split plot. The total gain and final body weight were analyzed in a randomized block design. The initial body weight was used as a covariate. The nursing system did not affect (p>0.05) hay and water intakes, and animal performance. The fractionated breastfeeding provided greater (p≤0.05) dry matter total intake of in the third period of evaluation and lowest cost per kilogram of total weight gain, indicating it is a best strategy as in dairy cattle.

Desenvolvimento de bezerros leiteiros alimentados com silagem de leite de transição: II - Órgãos internos

Avaliou-se o tamanho absoluto e relativo dos orgaos internos de bezerros Holandeses aleitados com leite, silagem de leite de transicao diluida em agua ou misturada em leite. Foram utilizados 18 animais, machos, com 60 dias de idade e peso corporal medio de 70,3kg (±11,8kg). O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso, com tres tratamentos e seis repeticoes. Os animais foram abatidos aos dois meses de idade, sendo previamente submetidos a jejum alimentar de 16 horas. O aleitamento modificou os pesos dos orgaos internos e da gordura omental dos animais, exceto para rins e gordura mesenterica, e nao alterou o consumo de alimentos solidos. A silagem de leite de transicao diluida em agua comprometeu o desempenho dos bezerros, refletindo no peso dos orgaos internos e de gordura omental, e apresentou pesos absolutos para figado, baco e gordura omental de 1.072, 186 e 133g, respectivamente. A silagem misturada em leite proporcionou resultados mais semelhantes ao fornecimento exclusivo de leite, demonstrando-se como opcao para o aleitamento de bovinos jovens.

Perfil sanguíneo e peso de órgãos internos de bezerros leiteiros criados em diferentes sistemas de aleitamento

ABSTRACT.- Azevedo R.A., Soares A.C.M., Rufino S.R.A., Bastos G.A., Coelho S.G., Duarte E.R., Geraseev L.C. & Oliveira N.J.F. 2014. [Blood profile and weight of internal organs of dairy calves in different nursing systems.] Perfil sanguineo e peso de orgaos internos de bezerros leiteiros criados em diferentes sistemas de aleitamento. Pesquisa Veterinaria Bra -sileira 34(8):785-790. Departamento de Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Universi-dade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Universitaria 1000, Montes Claros, MG 39404-547, Brazil. E-mail: rafaelzooufmg@gmail.comThe objective was to evaluate the blood profile together with the relative and absolute size of the internal organs of calves in conventional or fractionated feeding system. Ten females were used, with an average initial body weight of 37.53 kg (±2.36), and 12 males with a mean body weight of 81.6 kg (±8.6), both Holstein breed. The conventional feeding consisted of four liter milk supplied daily for 54 days of evaluation, and fractioned six liter milk was given from 6 to 25 days of age, four liter from 26 to 45 days of ager, and two liter from 46 to 59 days of age.