Andréia Fróes Galuci Oliveira

Nutritional evaluation of vegetable and mixed crude glycerin in the diet of growing rabbits

The objectives of this study were to determine the chemical composition of vegetable and mixed crude glycerin and digestible energy to and evaluate different inclusion levels in rabbit feeding. A total of 108 rabbits were used in the digestibility assay, assigned in a completely randomized design into nine treatments, one reference diet plus eight test diets, where the glycerin types were included at levels of 4, 8, 12 and 16%, replacing the reference diet roughage. In the performance assay, 180 rabbits were assigned to a completely randomized design into a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement (two types of glycerin and four levels of inclusion: 3, 6, 9 and 12%) plus a reference diet and ten replications. The vegetable and mixed crude glycerin showed digestible energy of 5,099 and 4,953 kcal/kg of dry matter, respectively. Although feed intake decreased linearly with the growing inclusion of both kinds of glycerin during both evaluated periods (from 32 to 50 and 32 to 70 days), performance losses occurred only with the inclusion of vegetable crude glycerin. The inclusion of mixed crude glycerin up to 12% allowed similar animal performance to the reference diet up to 50 days, unlike vegetable crude glycerin, for which inclusions over 6% in the diet resulted in poorer performance compared with that obtained with the reference diet. In the total period, differences were not observed for live weight or weight gain of the animals fed both glycerin types. Carcass weight decreased linearly with the inclusion of both glycerin types, with lower values compared with the reference diet only for the two highest levels of glycerin inclusion. Mixed crude glycerin can be included up to the maximum level studied (12%), while vegetable glycerin can be added up to 6% in the diet of growing rabbits.

Effect of linseed oil inclusion in diets on the performance and bone parameters of broiler chickens

This study aimed to evaluate the performance and bone parameters of broiler chickens fed on diets with different linseed oil (LO) levels from 1 to 42 days of age. At the initial and growing phases (1 to 21 days and 22 to 42 days of age, respectively) a completely randomized design was used with four linseed oil levels (2.0, 3.5, 5.0 or 6.5%), six replicates and 50 birds per experimental unit. The birds were fed diets with different linseed oil levels (2.0; 3.5; 5.0 and 6.5%). A linear effect of linseed oil was observed on tibia absolute diameter and weight but the femur was not influenced by linseed oil inclusion in the diet. Data revealed significant interaction between age and linseed oil levels for the Seedor index, demonstrating that the positive and negative effects of the highest linseed oil levels observed for femur and tibia, respectively, increased at the end of the growth phase. The femur and tibia growth and quality parameters presented cubic performance in function of age. The inclusion of linseed oil and age showed a quadratic effect on the femur ash weight. The ash concentration was positively influenced by the levels of linseed oil in the diets but the best results were shown after 28 days. The bone strength was not influenced by the different linseed oil levels, but showed cubic performance in function of age. However, there was significant age × linseed oil level interaction for bone mineral density, so that the best results with linseed oil addition were observed at the initial rearing stage of the birds. It was concluded that diets with 6.5% linseed oil are beneficial to growth and mineralization of long bones in broiler chickens.This study aimed to evaluate the performance and bone parameters of broiler chickens fed on diets with different linseed oil (LO) levels from 1 to 42 days of age. At the initial and growing phases (1 to 21 days and 22 to 42 days of age, respectively) a completely randomized design was used with four linseed oil levels (2.0, 3.5, 5.0 or 6.5%), six replicates and 50 birds per experimental unit. The birds were fed diets with different linseed oil levels (2.0; 3.5; 5.0 and 6.5%). A linear effect of linseed oil was observed on tibia absolute diameter and weight but the femur was not influenced by linseed oil inclusion in the diet. Data revealed significant interaction between age and linseed oil levels for the Seedor index, demonstrating that the positive and negative effects of the highest linseed oil levels observed for femur and tibia, respectively, increased at the end of the growth phase. The femur and tibia growth and quality parameters presented cubic performance in function of age. The inclusion of linseed oil and age showed a quadratic effect on the femur ash weight. The ash concentration was positively influenced by the levels of linseed oil in the diets but the best results were shown after 28 days. The bone strength was not influenced by the different linseed oil levels, but showed cubic performance in function of age. However, there was significant age × linseed oil level interaction for bone mineral density, so that the best results with linseed oil addition were observed at the initial rearing stage of the birds. It was concluded that diets with 6.5% linseed oil are beneficial to growth and mineralization of long bones in broiler chickens.

Glicerina semipurificada vegetal e mista na alimentação de coelhos em crescimento

Two trials were conducted with the goal of determining the digestible energy of vegetal and mixed semi purified glycerin and the performance of growing rabbits fed with diets containing the byproducts. In the digestibility assay 108 New Zealand White rabbits, 45 days old, were used, assigned in a completely randomized design into nine treatments (0, 4, 8, 12 and 16% of glycerins inclusion), with 12 replications. The treatment with 0% of glycerin inclusion was considered the reference diet. In the performance assay, 180 New Zealand White rabbits, 32 to 70 days of age, were assigned to a completely randomized design into a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement (two types of glycerin and four percentages of inclusion: 3, 6, 9 and 12%) plus a reference diet and ten replications with two animals per experimental unit. Vegetal and mixed glycerin showed a digestible energy of 4,048 and 3,697 kcal/kg of dry matter, respectively. From 32 to 50 days of age, the diet with 12% of mixed glycerin affected (P 0.05) were observed between the inclusion of vegetal glycerin in the diet and the reference diet, but better economic viability was verified (P<0.05) with the diet containing 12% of vegetal glycerin (R

Silagem de grão úmido de milho na alimentação de coelhos em crescimento

1.89 x R

Evaluation of the reproductive performance of rabbits does fed a half-simplified diet based on cassava byproducts

2.15, respectively). Vegetal glycerin can be included up to 12% in the diet and mixed up to 9%, reducing production cost without affecting animal performance.

Avaliação de dieta formulada com subprodutos de mandioca na produção de sêmen de coelhos

Digestibility and performance experiments were carried out to evaluate the nutrients digestibility coefficients of high moisture corn silage (HMCS) and the gradative replacing (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) of dry grain corn by HMCS on performance and carcass yield of growing rabbits from 36 to 70 days old. In the digestibility experiment 22 rabbits were used allocated on a completely randomized design, with two treatments and 11 replicates. The values of digestible dry matter, digestible crude protein, digestible crude energy, digestible neutral fiber detergent, digestible acid fiber detergent and digestible starch were, respectively, 94.42%; 7.94%; 3973kcal kg-1; 6.74%; 2.61% and 68.73%. In the performance experiment, 110 rabbits were allocated on a completely randomized design, with five treatments, 11 replications and two rabbits per experimental unit. The HMCS replaced the dry grain corn in levels of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%, on dry matter basis. No differences were observed on performance in the period from 36 to 50 and the period from 36 to 70 days old. No difference was observed also on weight and carcass yield. The results showed that the HMCS replaces efficiently the dry grain corn in rabbit diets.

Levels of lysine and methionine+cystine for growing New Zealand White rabbits

A total of 70 five-month-old female New Zealand White rabbits were assigned in a completely randomized design, over three reproductive cycles, with two treatments: a reference diet and a half-simplified diet containing 79.83% cassava byproduct. The study evaluated body weight and feed intake of does, feed cost, number and total body weight of kits at kindling and weaning per female during three cycles, number and percentage of mortality/female/cycle, and weight gain of kits from birth to weaning. No interaction was observed between the diets and among the reproductive cycles for any evaluated characteristics. The body weight of does at the moment of weaning was similar in both groups for all three reproductive cycles. However, does fed the half-simplified diet had lower feed intake during the three reproductive cycles and, consequently, more reproductive flaws. The number of kits at weaning, body weight of kits at kindling and weaning, weight gain of kits from birth to weaning, and total body weight of kits at weaning were lower for the group of does fed the half-simplified diet and, consequently, there was a higher number and percentage of dead kits in this group. The total numbers of kits at kindling and weaning and total body weight of kits at birth during all three reproductive cycles were similar between the groups; however, total body weight of weaning rabbits was higher for the animals receiving the reference diet. It is possible to conclude that although the use of the half-simplified diet decreases the reproductive performance of does, it reduces feed cost per kg of body weight by 23.63% compared with the reference diet, proving to be a viable nutritional option for rabbit production.

Evaluation of milled pearl millet in the feeding of growing rabbits

The quantitative and qualitative rabbit semen characteristics fed with a reference diet and a diet formulated with 79.83% of cassava by-products were evaluated. 20 New Zealand White rabbit bucks, with initial average age of seven months were used, individually allocated and distributed in a completely ramdomized design, with two diets (treatments) and ten replications. The ten semen collections per animal were taken during six months. The evaluated parameters were: semen volume without gel and gel volume, color of semen, pH, spermatic progressive motility, spermatic vigor, spermatic concentration, spermatozoa number in the ejaculation, normal spermatozoa, abnormal and primary and secondary abnormalities spermatozoa. The semen volume without gel, the normal spermatozoa, primary and secondary abnormalities spermatozoa were similar (P>0.05) to the animals fed with cassava by-products diet and reference diet. Other semen parameters were better (P<0.05) in the animals fed with the cassava by-products diet. The results of the quali-quantitative characteristics of the semen from New Zealand White rabbits showed that it is possible to use diets containing 79.83% of inclusion of cassava by-products in the diet of rabbit bucks, without affecting semen characteristics, since we observed the reduced level of tannins and hydrocyanic acid.

Effect of stocking density and genetic group on mineral composition and development of long bones of broilers.

Two experiments were carried out to evaluate, respectively, nitrogen balance (NB) and the productive performance of 31-to-50-day-old rabbits subjected to different levels of lysine and methionine+cystine (met+cys). Seventy-five animals were randomly distributed in 5 × 3 blocks (five levels of lysine: 5.5, 6.5, 7.5, 8.5 and 9.5 g/kg combined with three levels of met+cys: 5.0, 6.0 and 7.0 g/kg), with 15 treatments and five replications for the NB assay. The assay lasted 14 days: 10 days for acclimatization and four days for feces and urine collection. Increasing met+cys levels had a quadratic effect on the nitrogen excreted in urine (NU): the lowest excretion was found at the dietary level of 5.9 g/kg met+cys. Increasing lysine levels also affected NU and nitrogen retained daily (NR): the lowest NU was obtained at the dietary level of 7.28 g/kg lysine, and maximum NR was found at 7.24 g/kg lysine. Increases in met+cys levels in the diets affected neither performance nor carcass characteristics of rabbits up to 50 days of age. On the other hand, body weight at 50 days, daily weight gain and feed conversion of rabbits slaughtered at 50 days had a quadratic effect as the lysine levels increased. The best results were found at 7.5, 7.38 and 7.36 g/kg lysine. Lysine and met+cys levels of 7.4 and 5.0 g/kg in the diet are recommended for 31-to-50-day-old rabbits.

Utilização de probiótico em rações com diferentes níveis de proteína sobre o comprimento e a morfometria do intestino delgado de codornas de corte

Two experiments were carried out in order to estimate the nutritional value and the performance of growing rabbits fed different levels of pearl millet (ADR 7010). In the digestibility trial, nutritional values of pearl millet were determined in 22 45-day-old New Zealand White rabbits, allotted in a completely randomized design, subjected to two treatments - a reference diet and a test diet with 70% of its volume composed of reference diet and 30% of pearl millet - and 11 replications. The apparent digestibility values of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and gross energy of the pearl millet were 88.7, 85.4, 24.4 and 75.0%, respectively. In the performance trial, 120 32-day-old New Zealand White rabbits were used. Rabbits were allotted in a completely randomized design and subjected to six treatments, with 10 replications and two animals for each experimental unit. The diets were formulated with increasing levels of pearl millet (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%), substituting the corn in the reference diet, according to the digestible energy. No differences were observed in daily feed intake, daily weight gain, feed conversion, carcass traits and feed cost per kilogram of rabbit. Regardless of the amount of corn substituted, pearl can replace corn in diets for growing rabbits.