Anil K. Sharma

Medicinal Effect of Nutraceutical Fruits for the Cognition and Brain Health

The recent era is witnessing evaluation of medicinal and nutritional value of fruits and fruit juices for the management and prevention of brain diseases like headache stress, anxiety, hypertension, and Alzheimers and Parkinsons diseases by the scientists and researchers worldwide. Fruits possess various chemicals such as antioxidants and polyphenols, which reduce and balance the effect of hormone in brain responsible for brain disease. Natural remedy is cheap, easily available, nontoxic, and easy to prepare and provides good mental health as compared to other remedies. The main objective of this review is to acknowledge medicinal benefits of fruits for the cognition and management of brain disease.

Nutraceutical and Functional Food Regulations in India

Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods in the recent years have witnessed a tremendous increase in the interest among the consumers due to their potential of providing health benefits. India is the second largest producer of the food (next only to China). Although, there were multiple laws and regulations covering the foods in India, but there was no single law that could have significantly regulated the functional foods. In 2006, the Indian government passed Food Safety and Standard Act to integrate and streamline the many regulations covering nutraceuticals, foods and dietary supplements. The act calls for the creation of the Food Safety and Standards Authority (FSSA). Once established, the FSSA will be charged with drafting rules and regulations for companies in the food sector to be licensed by local authorities, and a system of checks and balances, including product-recall procedures enforcements and penalties.

Naturally Occurring Toxicants as Etiologic Agents of Foodborne Disease

Learning Objectives • Examine the etiology (causation) of human disease related to naturally-occurring foodborne toxicants. • Understand the chemical complexity of foods. • Explore goiter, tropical ataxia neuropathy (TAN), tropical amblyopia, lathyrism, and their linkage to foodborne toxicants. • Review a range of natural food toxicants that are involved in human disease. Complexity of Food Nutrients • Carbohydrates • Proteins • Lipids • Minerals • Vitamins

Self-Micro Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems: A Strategy to Improve Oral Bioavailability

Now a day oral route is the easiest and most prominent route for drug delivery. More than 40% of new chemical entities exhibit poor aqueous solubility result in unsatisfactory oral drug delivery. Self nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) play important role in improvement of bioavailability, by mixture of oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant were prepared under gentle agitation and obtain by pseudo-ternary phase diagram and evaluate on the basis of Zeta size & potential, Conductivity measurement, Turbidity measurement and Trans mission electron microscopy analysis.

An Alternative Approach for Acetylation of Amine Terminated Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) Dendrimer

espanolObjetivos: Las propiedades inherentes de la poliamidoamina (PAMAM) la han convertido en el nanotransportador de eleccion en la era actual de la innovacion. A pesar de que sufren de toxicidad hemolitica que podria ser reducido mediante la proteccion del grupo amino libre. En el presente trabajo se discutio el metodo alternativo de acetilacion para los dendrimeros PAMAM. Material y Metodos: El enlazador 1-Etill-3-(3-dimetilaminopropil) carbodiimida (EDC) se utilizo para la acetilacion. El conjugado acetilado se evaluo mediante la reaccion de color, mediante espectroscopia Ultravioleta visible, espectroscopia infrarroja con transformado de Fourrier, Calorimetria Diferencial de barrido y los estudios de los espectros de Resonancia magnetica nuclear. Resultados: Los dendrimeros PAMAM se sintetizaron utilizando el metodo divergente y mas acetilado. Cambio en los valores λmax 282,0 a 282,5 nm se observo para dendrimeros acetilados. El pico caracteristico del NH de amina primaria a 3284,16 cm-1, desaparecio debido a la conversion de amina primaria a amina secundaria. Un nuevo pico de - (CO) -NH se obtuvo a 1640,28 cm-1 (medianas), que muestra la union de grupo de superficie de acido acetico. Se observaron los cambios en el pico endotermico de 120,56 a 110.40 oC que muestra las modificaciones superficiales de dendrimeros PAMAM. El pico de -NH2 en 2,99 ppm fue sustituido por (-NHCOCH3) a 2,42 ppm apoya aun mas la prueba de acetilacion. Conclusion: Los datos espectrales revelaron claramente que este enfoque para la acetilacion da considerable cantidad de acetilacion en menos tiempo de duracion con la eliminacion de disolvente organico. Este metodo podria ser empleado para regular la acetilacion de las aminas terminales de nanovehiculos. El enlazador EDC de grupos amino abre una nueva via para la acetilacion de amina terminales de proteinas / peptidos. EnglishAim: Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers inherent properties have made it the nanocarrier of choice in the current era of innovation. Dendrimer based products are growing and mushrooming like anything in the current time. Although it suffer from hemolytic toxicity which could be reduced by protecting free amino group. Methods: In the present work alternate acetylated method for PAMAM dendrimers was discussed. 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide Linker was used for acetylation. The acetylated conjugate was evaluated for color reaction, Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy, Differential scanning calorimetric, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra studies. Results: The PAMAM dendrimers were synthesized using divergent approach and further acetylated. Change in λmax values from 282.0 to 282.5 nm was observed for acetylated dendrimers. Characteristic peak of N-H stretch of primary amine at 3284.16 cm-1 was disappeared due to conversion of primary amine to secondary amine. A new peak of -(CO)-NH stretch was obtained at 1640.28 cm-1 (medium) which shows attachment of acetic acid surface group. The changes in Endothermic peak from 120.56 to 110.40oC were observed which shows the PAMAM dendrimers surface modifications The peak of -NH2 at 2.99 ppm was replaced by (-NHCOCH3) at 2.42 ppm further supports the proof of acetylation. Conclusions: The spectral data clearly revealed that this approach for acetylation gives considerable amount of acetylation in less time duration with elimination of organic solvent. This method could be employed for regular acetylation of amine terminated nanocarriers. EDC linker mediated capping of amine groups opened a new avenue for acetylation of amine terminated protein/peptides.