Asim Cengiz

EMG and peak force responses to PNF stretching and the relationship between stretching-induced force deficits and bilateral deficits.

[Purpose] The aim of the present study was to investigate the possibility of an interaction between stretching induced deficit (SFD) and bilateral deficits (BLD) during maximal voluntary isometric hand flexion under PNF stretch and no-stretch conditions through measurement of EMG and force production. [Subjects and Methods] Ten physically active male Caucasian students (age, 24.1±2.38 years; body mass, 79.48±11.40 kg; height, 174.15±0.8 cm) volunteered to participate in this study. EMG and force measurements of the subjects were recorded during either unilateral or bilateral 3-second maximal voluntary isometric hand flexion (MVC) against a force transducer. The paired sample t-test was used to examine the significance of differences among several conditions. Pearson product-moment correlation was used to evaluate the associations between different parameters. [Results] Stretching-induced deficits correlated with bilateral deficits in both force (r=0.85) and iEMG (r=0.89). PNF stretching caused significant decrements in the bilateral and unilateral conditions for both the right and left sides. [Conclusion] Since both force and iEMG decreases were observed in most measurements; it suggests there is a neural mechanism behinnd both the BLD and the SFD.

Acute Effects of PNF Stretching on Maximum Voluntary Contraction in Men

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the influence of PNF stretching on the peak torque (PT) isokinetic leg extension PT at 60° and 180°s-1 in the stretched and unstretched limbs. Twelve college male athletes who were enrolled in a fitness class volunteered to participate in the study. Pre and post PNF stretching exercises isokinetic PT for extension and flexion of the dominant and non-dominant limbs were measured. There was a decrease in the PT for both extension and flexion between the pre- and post-stretching conditions. The reductions in PT experienced in the present study tentatively support the hypothesis that stretching may change the length-tension association.

P-13 Effects of a short-term walking program on lung function of obese early adolescent boys

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a sort-term walking exercise on some lung function parameters (such as forced vital capacity (FVC) and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV)) in obese children. Total of 23 subjects who have BMI (body mass index) > 25 kg/m2 and age ranged from 12 to 14 years participated in this study. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups as intervention (n = 12) and control group (n = 11). Anthropometric features of subjects were shown in Table 1. For this study, lung function parameters were measured by using a spirometer. In this research, throughout 6 weeks, participants followed a closely supervised walking program consisted of 45-min sessions five times in each week with an intensity of 60% of heart rate reserve. SPSS was used for statistical analyses (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). T tests were utilised to compare before and after the changes between groups. Table 2 shows that there were significant increases in FVC and maximum MVV (p < 0.05) in intervention group. Although before the study the mean baseline FVC was 2.99 ± 0, 50 litres (L), this value changed to 3,09 ± 0,51(L) after the 6-week walking period. Further, MVV values of post-training period were significantly higher than that of pre-training period (111.73 ± 21.99 vs. 115.21 ± 18.99; Pre-training vs. Post-training. p < 0.05). Control group had no significant change in all outcomes from pretest to posttest (p > 0.05). All in all, short-term walking program had a significant positive effect on FVC and MVV lung functions. This research was designed to specify the effect of walking on respiratory system. The result of this study indicated that a short-term moderate intensity walking exercise may enhance changes in obese children’s respiratory system. Abstract P-13 Table 1 Anthropometric data of subjects for the groups Baseline Measure Intervention group (n = 12) Control group (n = 11) P Age (year) 13,42 ± 079 13,20 ± 0,63 >0,05 Height (m) 1,58 ± 0,03 1,60 ± 0,02 >0,05 Weight (kg) 64,54 ± 3,86 65,36 ± 1,99 >0,05 BMI (Weight/height2) 25,93 ± 1,27 25,47 ± 0,72 >0,05 Abstract P-13 Table 2 Outcome measures at baseline and post-intervention Baseline Post-intervention Measure Intervention group (n = 12) Control group (n = 11) Pa Intervention group (n = 12) Control group (n = 11) Pb FVC 2,99 ± 0,51 2,94 ± 0,50 0,58 3,09 ± 0,51 2,94 ± 0,46 0,31 MVV 111,73 ± 21,99 110,79 ± 13,79 0,81 115,21 ± 18,99 102,21 ± 10,32 0,29 Values are given as mean ± standard deviations. aBaseline comparisons between intervention and control groups, P value from t-test comparison. bPost-test-baseline comparisons between intervention and control groups.

The Effect of Drinking Water and Isotonic Sports Drinks in Elite Wrestlers

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sports drinks (isotonic) and water consumptions of the elite wrestlers during the exercise. Eighteen-trained elite wrestlers participated in this study. The subjects were divided into two groups according to their body-weight and were also given either water or isotonic sports drink. Water and sports drinks get rid of the dehydration during the trainings (P>0.05). Blood samples were taken before and after the exercises,and were analyzed for Sodium (Na), Potassium (K) and Chlorine (Cl). Body temperatures of subjects were measured as ºC. Post exercise sodium values of the two experimental groups were lower than the pre-exercise values (P<0.05) and there were nosignificant differences between sodium values of these two groups. Water could be replaced with sports drinks for shorter activities as compared to the sports drinks. Thus, water is very helpful for athletes when water is consumed before and during the exercise.

Comparison of Ice Massage versus Cold-Water Immersion on Muscle Damage and DOMS Levels of Elite Wrestlers

Abstract The present study is aimed at comparing the effects of ice massage versus cold-water immersion on creatinekinase (CK) levels and delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) values of elite wrestlers. To achieve the objectives of the research twenty elite wrestlers participated in the study. Participants were separated into two groups (ice massage vs. cold water immersion) of whose weights were equal. Between the sets, experiment group was applied ice message for 8 minutes while control group was given cold-water immersion. Blood samples of the subjects were taken before and after the exercises. Groups’ differences were determined with “Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance”. Significant differences were observed within both groups at all times (<0.001). DOMS (24 h), DOMS (48 h). There was no difference after 72 hours, and before exercise values in DOMS values for ice massage group (p>0.05). Including competition and training for athletes, ice massage as a recovery strategy is expected to shorten the recovery time in athletes.

Effects of Badminton Training on Physical Parameters of Players

Abstract The objective of this study was to analyze 8 weeks of a basic technical badminton training program on some fitness parameters of beginner level badminton players. After two months of training it was determined that the vertical jump increased for the experimental group (t = -5.467). It was determined that the standing broad jump performance showed a significant improvement in performance for the experimental group (t = -5.045). Interestingly, the control group’s vertical jump (t = -2.091) and standing broad jumping jump (t = -2.214) values were found to increase significantly after 8 weeks. The total balance scores in the experimental group significantly decreased on a firm surface (t = 6.048), foam surface (t = 6.7621), (t = 8.505) after the training. The total BESS (t = -1.437) scores statistically did not show any significant difference after the training. The result of this study could be of help to coaches and athletes to improve performance through selection and adjusting to a suitable training program.

Yoga, Anxiety, and Some Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Women

This study aimed to examine the effects of a yoga program on anxiety, and some cardiovascular risk factors. Forty-six elderly participants aged 40–51 years women. The yoga program was based on 3 times/week for 10 weeks a set of yoga techniques, in the form of asana (postures) and deep relaxation technique, pranayama (breathing techniques) and meditation three for 60 minutes three times a week. The level of anxiety and decreased the risk factors for cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVD). The yoga program reduced the level of anxiety and decreased the risk factors for cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVD) in the experimental group. After 8 weeks of the yoga program. SBP, DBP, BMI, HR and WC values were improved. It is likely that the yoga practices of controlling body, mind, and spirit combine to provide useful physiological effects for healthy people and for people compromised by cardiovascular disease.

Acute Effects of Dynamic versus Static Stretching on Aneorobic Power and Muscle Damage of Wrestlers

Abstract The purpose of the presentstudy isto investigate the acute effects of static and dynamic stretching protocols (3 minutes stretching) on a maximal anaerobic Wingate Test (WT) of wrestlers. Fifteen male wrestlers (age, 23.2± 2.6years; body mass, 79.2± 10.7 kg) volunteered to participate in the study. Peak power, mean power, and average powers of the subjects were assessed during the Wingate test (WT) after static stretching and dynamic stretching. CK (creatine kinase) values were obtained before and after ach stretching protocols. Two WT were performed after stretching. Data analysis included paired t-tests. It was found that dynamic stretching caused more power deficits than static stretching and CK (creatine kinase) values of wrestlers increased more with dynamic stretching. Dynamic stretching caused significant decrease in power ascompared to static stretching, considered to be because of different duration of stretchingand continuous dynamic activity may have caused exercise induced muscle damage.