Bilal Demirhan

Acute Effects of PNF Stretching on Maximum Voluntary Contraction in Men

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the influence of PNF stretching on the peak torque (PT) isokinetic leg extension PT at 60° and 180°s-1 in the stretched and unstretched limbs. Twelve college male athletes who were enrolled in a fitness class volunteered to participate in the study. Pre and post PNF stretching exercises isokinetic PT for extension and flexion of the dominant and non-dominant limbs were measured. There was a decrease in the PT for both extension and flexion between the pre- and post-stretching conditions. The reductions in PT experienced in the present study tentatively support the hypothesis that stretching may change the length-tension association.

EFFECTS OF DIURNAL AND NOCTURNAL STRENUOUS EXERCISE ON SERUM MELATONIN LEVELS

Introduccion: Hay reportes de una posible relacion entre la melatonina, una hormona secretada por la glandula pineal, y el ejercicio. Objetivo: Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar como el ejercicio extenuante diurno y nocturno afecta a los niveles de melatonina. Metodos: En el estudio participaron 10 hombres sanos sedentarios que no hacian ejercicio de forma activa. Los sujetos tenian una edad promedio de 22,20 ± 0,24 anos, altura promedio de 174,60 ± 2,33 cm, y peso promedio de 69,70 ± 2,42 kg. Dos muestras de sangre se obtuvieron de los sujetos, una en reposo, a las 10:00 horas de la manana y la otra inmediatamente despues del ejercicio vigoroso. Igualmente, las muestras de sangre se recogieron del mismo grupo de sujetos despues de 48 horas: a las 24:00 horas en reposo e inmediatamente despues del ejercicio extenuante. Las muestras se analizaron usando el metodo ELISA para determinar los niveles de melatonina en suero (pg/ml). Resultados: Mediante la comparacion de los valores en reposo y despues del ejercicio, se encontro que los valores sericos de melatonina se mantuvieron sin cambios despues del ejercicio. Ambos valores de melatonina en reposo y despues del ejercicio, medidos por la noche fueron mas altos en comparacion con los medidos durante el dia (p < 0,05). Conclusiones: Los altos niveles de melatonina encontrados en el estudio parecen ser el resultado del aumento de la liberacion de melatonina en la noche, y no del ejercicio. Los resultados de este estudio indican que el ejercicio extenuante realizado durante el dia o por la noche, no afecto significativamente los niveles de melatonina en suero.

The Effects of Additional 8-Week Quickness Exercise Applied to Trained Wrestlers in the Category of Cadet, Young and Adults on Agility and Reaction Times

Abstract This study was carried out to examine the effects of an additional 8-week quickness exercise applied to trained wrestlers in the category of cadet, young and adults, on their agility and reaction times. When the data results were analyzed, it was observed that there was a significant difference between the agility test results of cadet and young athlete subjects (p<0.05). However, t-test results showed that there was no significant difference between light and audio reaction parameters (p=0.05). In conclusion, the results of this study showed that the 8- week quickness exercise applied to trained wrestlers had a positive effect on the agility performance of cadet and young athletes. There was no effect in the category of adult athletes who wrestle in the category of adults in terms of their agility and reaction times.

The Effect of Drinking Water and Isotonic Sports Drinks in Elite Wrestlers

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sports drinks (isotonic) and water consumptions of the elite wrestlers during the exercise. Eighteen-trained elite wrestlers participated in this study. The subjects were divided into two groups according to their body-weight and were also given either water or isotonic sports drink. Water and sports drinks get rid of the dehydration during the trainings (P>0.05). Blood samples were taken before and after the exercises,and were analyzed for Sodium (Na), Potassium (K) and Chlorine (Cl). Body temperatures of subjects were measured as ºC. Post exercise sodium values of the two experimental groups were lower than the pre-exercise values (P<0.05) and there were nosignificant differences between sodium values of these two groups. Water could be replaced with sports drinks for shorter activities as compared to the sports drinks. Thus, water is very helpful for athletes when water is consumed before and during the exercise.

Comparison of Ice Massage versus Cold-Water Immersion on Muscle Damage and DOMS Levels of Elite Wrestlers

Abstract The present study is aimed at comparing the effects of ice massage versus cold-water immersion on creatinekinase (CK) levels and delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) values of elite wrestlers. To achieve the objectives of the research twenty elite wrestlers participated in the study. Participants were separated into two groups (ice massage vs. cold water immersion) of whose weights were equal. Between the sets, experiment group was applied ice message for 8 minutes while control group was given cold-water immersion. Blood samples of the subjects were taken before and after the exercises. Groups’ differences were determined with “Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance”. Significant differences were observed within both groups at all times (<0.001). DOMS (24 h), DOMS (48 h). There was no difference after 72 hours, and before exercise values in DOMS values for ice massage group (p>0.05). Including competition and training for athletes, ice massage as a recovery strategy is expected to shorten the recovery time in athletes.

Acute Effects of Dynamic versus Static Stretching on Aneorobic Power and Muscle Damage of Wrestlers

Abstract The purpose of the presentstudy isto investigate the acute effects of static and dynamic stretching protocols (3 minutes stretching) on a maximal anaerobic Wingate Test (WT) of wrestlers. Fifteen male wrestlers (age, 23.2± 2.6years; body mass, 79.2± 10.7 kg) volunteered to participate in the study. Peak power, mean power, and average powers of the subjects were assessed during the Wingate test (WT) after static stretching and dynamic stretching. CK (creatine kinase) values were obtained before and after ach stretching protocols. Two WT were performed after stretching. Data analysis included paired t-tests. It was found that dynamic stretching caused more power deficits than static stretching and CK (creatine kinase) values of wrestlers increased more with dynamic stretching. Dynamic stretching caused significant decrease in power ascompared to static stretching, considered to be because of different duration of stretchingand continuous dynamic activity may have caused exercise induced muscle damage.