Metin Yaman

The relationship of anthropometric measurements with psychological criteria in female athletes

Abstract Sports and exercise settings as well as other socio-cultural environments emphasize a thin and physically fit female body. However, there is a clear need for a better understanding of the physical and psychological correlates of social physique anxiety and body image dissatisfaction in female athletes. This study aimed to examine the association of the social physique anxiety, body image satisfaction, and personality with the anthropometric measurements in female college athletes according to their sport type using the Co-Plot technique. The sample included 63 female athletes ranging in age from 18 to 26. Results of the Co-Plot analysis revealed a significant association among social physique anxiety, personality and anthropometric measurements. This means that certain physical measurements may lead to greater social physique anxiety and body image dissatisfaction in female athletes. It was found that females having higher levels of social physique anxiety and thus, lower levels of body image satisfaction may be less emotionally stable and more negatively perfectionist. In conclusion, the results of the present study provided evidence to the claim that both physical self-perception and anthropometric measurements may be closely associated with psychological criteria in female athletes.

The effects of the intake of an isotonic sports drink before orienteering competitions on skeletal muscle damage

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the intake of an isotonic sports drink (500 ml water, 32 gr carbonhydrate, 120 mg calcium, 248 mg chloride, 230 mg sodium) the level of the skeletal muscle damage of orienteering athletes. [Subjects and Methods] The study was carried out on 21 male elite orienteering athletes. The athletes were divided into two groups by randomized double-blind selection. The experimental group (n=11) was given the isotonic sports drink, while the placebo group (n=10) was given 500 ml pure water. Blood samples were taken pre-competition, post-competition, 2 hours post-competition and 24 hours post-competition. [Results] The pre-c troponin, myoglobin and creatinine kinase serum levels of the placebo group were significantly lower than the post-competition and 2 hours post-competition values. The 24 hours post-competition levels of the same analyses were also significantly lower than the post-c and 2 hours post-competition. The pre-competition troponin, myoglobin and creatinine kinase levels of the experimental group were found to be significantly lower than the post-competition, 2 hours post-competition 24 hours post-competition values. In conclusion, the present results suggest that the intake of supportive sports drinks before exercising significantly prevents the observed muscle damage. The study showed that serum myoglobin levels between the experimental and the placebo group is significantly different during the 2 hours post-competition period. [Conclusion] The level of serum creatinine kinase and myoglobin accurately shows the extent of the muscle damage. However, further studies on the effect of isotonic sports drink in different training programs on the cell membrane and the muscle damage are needed.

Acute Effects of PNF Stretching on Maximum Voluntary Contraction in Men

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the influence of PNF stretching on the peak torque (PT) isokinetic leg extension PT at 60° and 180°s-1 in the stretched and unstretched limbs. Twelve college male athletes who were enrolled in a fitness class volunteered to participate in the study. Pre and post PNF stretching exercises isokinetic PT for extension and flexion of the dominant and non-dominant limbs were measured. There was a decrease in the PT for both extension and flexion between the pre- and post-stretching conditions. The reductions in PT experienced in the present study tentatively support the hypothesis that stretching may change the length-tension association.

EXAMINATION OF THE LEVEL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN TERMS OF SOME VARIABLES OF SPORTS SCIENCE FACULTY STUDENTS

The study was conducted in order to examine levels of physical activity in terms of some variables of sports science faculty students. This study covered 50 female and 52 male, 102 student in total with a mean age of 22.21  3.46, attending in faculty of sports science in university of Gazi. To the students who have attended the research study; height, body weight, body mass index, with the pedometer physical activity level measurements and questionnaire form of 10 questions generated by researchers have been applied. Physical activity level has been evaluated with the average of 1 week step numbers. SPSS 23.0 Statistical package was used for analyzing the data. Through the analysis of the data, percentage, frequency, T-test for independent samples, single factorial variance analysis (ANOVA), Tukey (HSD) test, and correlation analysis have been used. According to the findings of the research study; when BMI of students of Faculty of Sports Sciences it can be seen that 86.3% of them have good fitness, 9.8% of them have over weight and 3.9% of them are in obesity level. When physical activity levels are reviewed majority of the students (47.1% ) have sedantery lifestyle, following this on the second row (23.5%) of them are low active individuals and as the least (15.7%) are active and highly active individuals. As a consequence, while Faculty of Sports Sciences students have generally sedantery lifestyle they are at good fitness levels, as long as Daily usage periods of computer increases weekly stepm numbers decrease thus physical activity levels are influenced in a bad way, and as long as ages increase or sleeping periods decrease television watching periods decrease, and as long as computer usage period increase body mass index is influenced badly and the women step numbers are lower compared to men thus physical activity levels are lower The Online Journal of Recreation and Sport – July 2017 Volume 6, Issue 3 www.tojras.com Copyright

An Examination of Psychological and Biochemical Parameters of American Football Players and Volleyball Players: A Discriminate Analysis

Abstract This study was carried out to determine the psychological and biochemical parameters of the American Football players who chose this high-contact sport, and to compare those parameters with those of the players of volleyball, a non-contact sport. Participants were 39 American Football Players, and 21 volleyball players. According to t-test results, there were some statistically significant differences between the average points of conscientiousness, competition anxiety, and intensity of the American football as compared to those of the volleyball players. Discriminate analysis revealed one significant function. According to discriminate function, analysis were correctly placed at 79.5 percent to the American footballers (n=31), and 85.7 percent to the volleyball players (n=18). However, 20.5 percent of the American footballer (n=8) and 14.3 percent of the volleyball players (n=3) were wrongly placed. According to dissociation analysis, the 81.7 percent players were correctly classified. In conclusion, it was revealed that the American Football Players took more self-responsibility; are more prone o worry about failure, and had more intensity and stress levels than the Volleyball Players. Nevertheless, both the American Football Players and volleyball players showed psychological and biochemical differences that obviously discriminated them according to their particular sport.

Comparison of Ice Massage versus Cold-Water Immersion on Muscle Damage and DOMS Levels of Elite Wrestlers

Abstract The present study is aimed at comparing the effects of ice massage versus cold-water immersion on creatinekinase (CK) levels and delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) values of elite wrestlers. To achieve the objectives of the research twenty elite wrestlers participated in the study. Participants were separated into two groups (ice massage vs. cold water immersion) of whose weights were equal. Between the sets, experiment group was applied ice message for 8 minutes while control group was given cold-water immersion. Blood samples of the subjects were taken before and after the exercises. Groups’ differences were determined with “Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance”. Significant differences were observed within both groups at all times (<0.001). DOMS (24 h), DOMS (48 h). There was no difference after 72 hours, and before exercise values in DOMS values for ice massage group (p>0.05). Including competition and training for athletes, ice massage as a recovery strategy is expected to shorten the recovery time in athletes.