B. N. Gikal

Experimental Tests of the Modernized VASSILISSA Separator (SHELS) with the Use of Accelerated 50 Ti Ions

A high intensity ion beam of 50Ti ions was obtained using the ECR ion source on the U400 cyclotron. The experimental tests using accelerated 50Ti ions were performed with a modernized VASSILISSA separator (SHELS). Data has been obtained on the transmission coefficients of recoil nuclei synthesized in complete fusion reactions. Estimates from ion optical calculations performed in the design phase of the project of modernizing the separator are completely confirmed.

Roscosmos facilities for SEE testing at U400M FLNR JINR cyclotron

Aim of this report is to describe the main features of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) facilities which has been developed recently and will develop next year for SEE testing of the electronic devices at U400M cyclotron in Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna. At present specialized ion beam line with energy of 3÷6 MeV/nucleon O, Ne, Ar, Fe, Kr, Xe, Bi ions covering the LET range 4.5–100 MeV/(mg/cm2) is available to users. The project of ion beam line with ion energy up to 40 MeV/nucleon is presented too.

DC-60 heavy ion cyclotron complex: The first beams and project parameters

The construction of the DC-60 Heavy Ion Cyclotron for the Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Complex (ISRC) in Astana started in early 2004. The cyclotron was manufactured and tested at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions (FLNR) in Dubna. The main units were delivered to Astana and assembled in the ISRC building in the summer of 2006. The cyclotron was turned on in September, 2006. The first heavy ion beams in the whole A/Z and energy ranges were accelerated and extracted in December, 2006.

IC-100 accelerator complex for scientific and applied research

Industrial production of nuclear filters has been implemented at the IC-100 cyclotron complex of the Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. After the complete upgrade, the cyclotron was equipped with the superconducting ECR ion source and the system of external axial beam injection. The implantation complex was equipped with the special transportation channel with the beam scanning system and the setup for irradiation of polymer films. Intense beams of heavy ions Ne, Ar, Fe, Kr, Xe, I, and W with an energy of ∼1 MeV/nucleon were obtained. the properties of irradiated crystals were studied, different polymer films were irradiated, and several thousands of square meters of track membranes with pore densities varying in a wide range were produced. Other scientific and applied problems can be solved at the cyclotron complex.

Heavy ion DC-110 cyclotron for industrial applications and applied studies in nanotechnologies

A cyclotron complex has been developed at the Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, for a wide spectrum of applied studies in the field of nanotechnologies (template technologies, track membranes, surface modification, etc.). This complex includes a specialized DC-110 cyclotron, which gives high intensity beams of accelerated Ar, Kr, and Xe ions with a fixed energy of 2.5 MeV/nucleon. This cyclotron is equipped by an external injection system with an ECR ion source operating at a frequency of 18 GHz. The cyclotron electromagnet with a pole diameter of 2 m offers a working magnetic field on a level of 1.67 T. The fixed RF frequency is 15.5 MHz. The beam is extracted from the cyclotron by the electrostatic deflector. The main parameters of DC-110 cyclotron are presented in this paper.

Neutron yields from structural metals during bombardment by heavy ions with 2.5 MeV/nucleon energy

Neutron yields during irradiation of structural metals and polymer film by argon, krypton, and xenon ions with 2.4 and 2.5 MeV/nucleon energies are measured on the CYTRACK and DC-110 cyclotrons. The angular distributions of neutrons from the target are measured. The LISE++ is used for extrapolating the data obtained to other ions, their energy, and to other targets. The program was tested on experimental data found in the literature. As a result of comparison, it is established that the calculation results coincide with the experimental data within a coefficient of two.

Using the FLNR Accelerator Complex for SEE Testing: State of Art and Future Development

Since 2010 the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) has been utilizing SEE testing facilities at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions (FLNR) of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna. The FLNR has abundant experience in development, creation and using heavy ion cyclotrons, ECR ion sources and auxiliary systems. The FLNR Accelerating Complex consists of four isochronous cyclotrons, two of them: U400 and U400M are used in programs of SEE testing with heavy ions. At present time, the accelerators equipped by four specialized beam lines for SEE testing. Beams of elements from Li to Bi in two energy ranges: 3 ÷6 MeV/nucleon (lower range) and 20 ÷50 MeV/nucleon (upper range) are available to users. Specialized beam lines provide irradiating areas up to 300 cm2 for the lower range and up to 28 cm2 for the upper one. Beam inhomogeneity over the irradiating area is not worse than 20%. On-line and ex situ diagnostics of the main experimental parameters have been provided. Annual operation of U-400 and U-400M is about 6000 hours each. Annual operation of SEE testing facilities at FLNR is about 2000 hours. The future FLNR plans of SEE testing development are presented.

Development, creation, and startup of the DC-110 heavy ion cyclotron complex for industrial production of track membranes

The DC-110 heavy ion cyclotron for industrial production of track membranes has been developed and created at the Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. The cyclotron is equipped with an electron cyclotron resonance ion source operating at a frequency of 18 GHz. The accelerator complex was put into operation in 2012 and 40Ar6+, 86Kr13+, and 132Xe20+ ion beams with a energy of 2.5 MeV/nucleon and intensity of 13, 14.5, and 10.5 μA, respectively, were produced. Irradiation of a polymer film was carried out on a specialized channel and track membranes with a high uniformity of pores were obtained. The DC-110 accelerator complex can produce up to 2 million square meters of track membranes per year.

Secondary fusion reactions in the bombardment of light-element targets with low-energy heavy ions

Neutron emission was observed experimentally at the DC-60 cyclotron at the Institute of Nuclear Physics (Astana, Kazakhstan). The neutron yields were measured in the bombardment of light-element (Be, C, Al, Al2O3, and LiF) targets with heavy ions (Ar, Kr, and Xe) with energies below the Coulomb barrier. The angular distributions of neutrons from the targets were also measured. It was found that the observed neutrons were produced in secondary nuclear reactions between the resting target nuclei and recoil nuclei that acquire energy in the process of elastic scattering. The experimental results were compared with calculations based on the abovementioned secondary-reaction mechanism. The calculations allow one to estimate the yields of secondary reactions to within a coefficient of 2.

DC-350 accelerator complex

The DC-350 accelerator complex is described and its technical characteristics are presented.