I. A. Ivanenko

DC-60 heavy ion cyclotron complex: The first beams and project parameters

The construction of the DC-60 Heavy Ion Cyclotron for the Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Complex (ISRC) in Astana started in early 2004. The cyclotron was manufactured and tested at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions (FLNR) in Dubna. The main units were delivered to Astana and assembled in the ISRC building in the summer of 2006. The cyclotron was turned on in September, 2006. The first heavy ion beams in the whole A/Z and energy ranges were accelerated and extracted in December, 2006.

IC-100 accelerator complex for scientific and applied research

Industrial production of nuclear filters has been implemented at the IC-100 cyclotron complex of the Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. After the complete upgrade, the cyclotron was equipped with the superconducting ECR ion source and the system of external axial beam injection. The implantation complex was equipped with the special transportation channel with the beam scanning system and the setup for irradiation of polymer films. Intense beams of heavy ions Ne, Ar, Fe, Kr, Xe, I, and W with an energy of ∼1 MeV/nucleon were obtained. the properties of irradiated crystals were studied, different polymer films were irradiated, and several thousands of square meters of track membranes with pore densities varying in a wide range were produced. Other scientific and applied problems can be solved at the cyclotron complex.

Heavy ion DC-110 cyclotron for industrial applications and applied studies in nanotechnologies

A cyclotron complex has been developed at the Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, for a wide spectrum of applied studies in the field of nanotechnologies (template technologies, track membranes, surface modification, etc.). This complex includes a specialized DC-110 cyclotron, which gives high intensity beams of accelerated Ar, Kr, and Xe ions with a fixed energy of 2.5 MeV/nucleon. This cyclotron is equipped by an external injection system with an ECR ion source operating at a frequency of 18 GHz. The cyclotron electromagnet with a pole diameter of 2 m offers a working magnetic field on a level of 1.67 T. The fixed RF frequency is 15.5 MHz. The beam is extracted from the cyclotron by the electrostatic deflector. The main parameters of DC-110 cyclotron are presented in this paper.

Development, creation, and startup of the DC-110 heavy ion cyclotron complex for industrial production of track membranes

The DC-110 heavy ion cyclotron for industrial production of track membranes has been developed and created at the Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. The cyclotron is equipped with an electron cyclotron resonance ion source operating at a frequency of 18 GHz. The accelerator complex was put into operation in 2012 and 40Ar6+, 86Kr13+, and 132Xe20+ ion beams with a energy of 2.5 MeV/nucleon and intensity of 13, 14.5, and 10.5 μA, respectively, were produced. Irradiation of a polymer film was carried out on a specialized channel and track membranes with a high uniformity of pores were obtained. The DC-110 accelerator complex can produce up to 2 million square meters of track membranes per year.

DC-350 accelerator complex

The DC-350 accelerator complex is described and its technical characteristics are presented.

An IC100 cyclotron based facility for producing nuclear filters and for scientific and applied research

The cyclotron IC-100 station, based on the Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions (JINR, Dubna, Russia), provides the industrial construction of nuclear filters. During modernization, the cyclotron was equipped with a superconducting ECR-ion source and an axial injection system. The specialized beam channel with a two coordinate scanning system and equipment for irradiating polymer films was installed in the implantation part of the station. High intensity heavy ion beams of Ne, Ar, Fe, Kr, Xe, I, and W have been accelerated to 1 MeV/nucleon energy. The investigation into irradiated crystals features and irradiation of different polymer films is provided. Also, a few thousands square meters of track films with holes in the wide range of densities were produced. The cyclotron-based station is capable of solving different kinds of scientific and applied problems as well.

Transport channel of secondary ion beam of experimental setup for selective laser ionization with gas cell GALS

GALS is the experimental setup intended for production and research of isobaric and isotopically pure heavy neutron-rich nuclei. The beam line consists of two parts. The initial part is used for transport of the primary 136Xe ion beam with the energy of 4.5-9.0 MeV/amu from the FLNR cyclotron U-400M to the Pb target for production of the studying ion beams. These beams have the following design parameters: the charge Z = +1, the mass A = 180-270 and the kinetic energy W = 40 keV. The second part placed after the target consists of the SPIG (QPIG) system, the accelerating gap, the electrostatic Einzel lens, 90-degree spectrometric magnet (calculated value of the mass-resolution is equal to 1400) and the beam line for the transportation of the ions from the magnet focal plane to a particle detector. The results of simulation of the particle dynamics and the basic parameters of all elements of the beam line are presented.

Injection and Acceleration of Intense Heavy Ion Beams in JINR New Cyclotron DC280

At the present time the activities on creation of the new heavy-ion isochronous cyclotron DC280 are carried out at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. The isochronous cyclotron DC-280 will produce accelerated beam of ions with A/Z= 4 7 to energy W= 4 – 8 MeV/n and intensity up to 10 pμA (for 48Ca). The goal for DC-280 accelerator complex is more then 40 % beam transfer efficiency. To achieve high-intensity ion beam, the cyclotron is equipped with high-voltage, up to 80 kV, injection line and independent Flat-Top RF system. To decrease the aperture losses at centre region the electrostatic quadruple lens will be installed between inflector and first accelerating gap. The paper presents the results of simulation of beam injection and acceleration. INTRODUCTION One of the basic scientific programs which are carried out in the FLNR JINR is synthesis of new elements which requires intensive beams of heavy ions. At present time the isochronous cyclotron U-400, which is in operation since 1978, is capable of providing long term experiments on 48Са beams with an intensity of 1 pμA. Its operation time is more than 6000 hours per year. To enhance the efficiency of experiments it is necessary to obtain accelerated ion beams with the following parameters: Ion energy 4÷8 MeV/n Ion masses 10÷238 Beam intensity (up to A=50) 10 pμA Beam emittance less 30 π mm mrad These parameters formed the base for the new isochronous cyclotron DC-280 [1]. The basic technical solutions to realize new project are shown in Table 1. Table 1: DC-280 Cyclotron Basic Technical Solutions Parameter DC280 Goals 1. High injecting beam energy (up to 100 keV/Z) Decreasing space charge factor. Decreasing beam emittance. 2. High gap in the centre Space for a long spiral inflector 3. Low magnetic field Large starting radius. Good orbit separation. Low deflector voltage 4. High acceleration rate Good orbit separation. 5. Flat-top system High capture. Beam quality. The new cyclotron complex provides an opportunity of carrying out physical and chemical research using radioactive targets, such as U, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk. The layout of the cyclotron assembling is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1: The layout of the DC-280 cyclotron. Now the most of new cyclotron complex elements have been manufactured and the project is at the stage of laboratory building construction. THE AXIAL INJECTION SYSTEM The DC-280 injection system has to provide ion transition from the ECR-ion source to the cyclotron centre and capturing into acceleration more than 70 % of ions with the atomic mass to charge ratio of A/Z=48 [2]. The experience in operation of FLNR cyclotrons demonstrates that at ion energies of 15 keV/Z the injection efficiency essentially depends on the ion beam current. At the ion beam currents of 80÷150 eμA the efficiency of capture into acceleration reaches 30÷35 %, but for the ion currents less than 10 eμA increasing of the efficiency to 50÷60 % has been observed. The reason of it may be the decreasing of the ion beam space charge effect and decreasing the beam emittance, especially at low level of the microwave power in the ECR source. To improve the injection efficiency we will increase the injection energy up to 100 keV/Z, since the emittance and the space charge effects have to be decreased. The high-voltage axial injection of the DC-280 will consist of two high voltage platforms, HVP. The maximal voltage on the HVP will be 75 kV. Every HVP will be equipped with an ECR ion source with injection voltage 25 kV, a focusing elements and a magnet for ion separation and analyzing. The high voltage accelerating tube will be installed at the edge of the HVP to increase the ion energy. Two types of ECR ion sources will be used: the DECRIS-PM source with permanent magnets and the DECRIS-SC superconducting one. The first ECR ion source has to produce high intensities (15÷20 pμА) of ions with medium masses (for example, 48Са7+,8+), the MOA2C02 Proceedings of HIAT2015, Yokohama, Japan ISBN 978-3-95450-131-1 30 C op yr ig ht

Electrostatic Deflector of the Cyclotron DC-280 Axial Injection Channel

Abstract The spherical electrostatic deflector will be used in the axial injection channel of the DC-280 cyclotron for rotation of the ion beam onto vertical axis. The results of the simulation of beam dynamics in the deflector based on 3D electrical field map are discussed in this report. The results of simulation of the ion beam transport in the axial injection beam line of the cyclotron are presented also.

Correction of vertical displacement of extracted beam during commissioning tests of the DC-110 cyclotron

The specialized DC-110 heavy ion cyclotron has been developed and created at the Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research for the BETA research and production complex in Dubna (Russia), which allows producing intense accelerated Ar, Kr, and Xe ion beams with a fixed energy of 2.5 MeV/nucleon. Commissioning works on the cyclotron complex, during which the design parameters were obtained, were carried out at the end of 2012. During commissioning of the accelerator, vertical displacement of the beam was found at the final acceleration radii and during its extraction. It is shown that the main cause of this displacement was the occurrence of a radial component of the magnetic field in the median plane of the magnet caused by asymmetry of the magnetic circuit. Vertical beam displacement was corrected by creating asymmetry of the current in the main electromagnet winding of the DC-110 cyclotron.