Bruno Acosta Flores

Utilização de água subterrânea em Frederico Westphalen-RS: condições sócioambientais dos usuários

With the increasing levels of soil contamination, alternative sources of water supply are becoming a threat to the health of the population that uses this feature. Thus, this study aims to determine and evaluate the social and environmental conditions of the users of alternative sources of water supply Frederico Westphalen - RS. The evaluation was done through visits to homes and by applying a questionnaire with several questions on the topic of alternative sources of supply, during the year 2011 and 2012. The number of wells, types, locations in UTM coordinates, static levels and situations they were in were raised in these visits. Therefore, it is concluded that even having access to the public network, many users still use alternative sources to supply their homes, this being a major concern, since many users are unaware of the quality of the water used for consumption.

CONCENTRAÇÕES DE METAIS EM SOLO OCUPADO POR CEMITÉRIO - USO DA TÉCNICA DE ESPECTROMETRIA DE FLUORESCÊNCIA DE RAIOS-X POR ENERGIA DISPERSIVA - EDXRF

The study of contamination of soil and surface water resources and / or by underground cemeteries is an area still fresh in the scientific community. The main contaminant is necrochorume generated from the decomposition process of the human body over a period of time. This study aimed to determine the range of variation of the concentration of some metals in soil profiles. We used the technique of Fluorescence Spectroscopy Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDXRF) evaluated in 70 soil samples. The study area was a cemetery located in Seberi in the northwest of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Parana Basin, in Oxisols red ferric aluminum originated from the weathering of volcanic rocks, basalts forming the type of the Serra Geral Aquifer System / SGAS. The selection of the sampling sites was estimated from the preferential flow of surface water, using the mathematical method of kriging interpolation. We considered 10 collection points distributed between the ground surface to a depth of 300 cm, in materials with stony clay matrix to the C horizon Metals Aluminium and Iron and Vanadium nonmetal showed varying concentrations in different depths of the soil profile.

PLANO DE GERENCIAMENTO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS: ESTUDO DE CASO EM USINA DE TRIAGEM

The process of allocation/environmentally sound disposal of solid waste, has become the subject of research and incentives by the government agencies. Based on this, the present study aims to analyze the management system of municipal solid waste in a triage unit in the municipality of Seberi - RS. The unit of study is a consortium of 30 municipalities, which meant their waste daily to the screening process and environmentally sound disposal. It could be observed that the greatest amount of material present in the waste plastic is recyclable, and the city of Fredericksburg what else contributes daily. Based on this, it was concluded that local consortium must invest heavily in a selective collection system, which would result in better conditions of recyclable materials, adhering highest values and decreasing maintenance costs of the unit.

INDICATIVO DE CONTAMINAÇÃO AMBIENTAL POR METAIS PESADOS EM ATERRO SANITÁRIO

The manure is a dark liquid, which contains high concentrations of organic and inorganic compounds. This fluid can contain heavy metals, suspended solids and organic compounds derived from the degradation of substances that are metabolized as carbohydrates, proteins and fats. By virtue of the place where you can reach and contaminate soil and surface and underground water resources, threatening the population living near the area. This study aimed to analyze the concentrations of heavy metals barium, copper and chromium in soil occupied by the landfill. To collect soil auger were performed on 10 different sites and depths. To determine the metal has been used the technique of fluorescence X-ray Energy Dispersive and with the aid of specialized software 10 were Surfer generating the data to the maps. All metals cited in this study indicate soil contamination at some sites and depths, highlighting the point 8 a share of 538.94 m, obtaining concentrations of barium, copper and chromium indicating relation of the surface flow and sub-surface water contaminated by these elements, with the results obtained it can be seen the potential of metal contamination in soil displaced by landfill.

CARACTERÍSTICAS DA TAXA DE INFILTRAÇÃO E DENSIDADE DO SOLO EM DISTINTOS TIPOS DE COBERTURA DE SOLO EM ZONA URBANA

The aim of this study was to indicate the land use types in Frederico Westphalen (RS) that are more favorable to storm water infiltration, looking forward reducing runoff in the city. To achieve the objective it was perform 45 infiltration tests and soil density in different soil covers. The city was divided in lots, and those were classified according to the following land uses: Mixed Trees (FT), Citrus (C), Grass (G), Crop Rotation (CR) and Bare Soil (SE). The infiltration tests were carried out with the infiltrometer ring method and also there were conducted 45 density tests in a lab. Bare Soils showed the lowest infiltration rate (8.05 mm/h) and the higher soil density (1.58 g/cm3). Soils without green management (SE) do not contribute significantly to rainwater infiltration. FT soils, with less human intervention, showed higher average rates of infiltration (370.3 mm/h) and less than 1.2 g/cm3 of density. Among the remaining land use, airy soils (RC and C) showed better response to infiltration (between 228.5 and 274.0 mm/h). Although the grass is considered a green area, the results indicated that the existence of these areas, by itself, it’s not the better strategy for water infiltration in urban areas.

Environmental managing in area occupied by a cemetery in the city of Seberi – RS

The areas of cemeteries are becoming the target of many researches nowadays. Studies show in some cases, contamination of soil and groundwater caused by clearance of the bodies. In this study, we conducted a survey of the situation of St. John the Baptist Cemetery in the Brazilian city of Seberi – RS and the vulnerability of contamination of the aquifer by the GOD methodology proposed by Foster et al. (2006), which recorded the presence of 1509 graves, some still built in the times of its foundation (1930). It was noted the neglect of family members with the graves, many in disrepair and some abandoned, being outside the rules proposed by CONAMA resolution 335/2003 which provides for the environmental licensing of areas occupied by cemeteries.

Use of subterraneous water in urban area of Frederico Westphalen - RS

With an increase in the contamination of water resources, surface and underground, there is great concern about the health of the population that consumes water out of potability standards. Based on this, the present study aims to register the alternative sources of water supply in the city of Fredericksburg - RS, in order to be aware of the portion of the population that uses for drinking water from such sources. Data collection was performed with visits to homes where they were raised about the conditions of water consumption and social population. In urban, neighborhoods Barrel Panosso, Itapage, Aparecida, Fatima, St. Anthony, St. Ignatius, Ipiranga and Garden Center SPRING, were registered to a total of 71 alternative sources of supply, being 6 source / spring, 5 wells and 60 dug wells. Based on these results, we found that despite having access to the public water supply, many users still opt for alternative sources, which in many cases have very poor condition potability