Bruno Carra

Desenvolvimento de mudas de mirtileiro inoculadas com fungos micorrízicos arbusculares

The objective of this study was to measure the effect of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus clarum Nicolson and Schenck, Glomus etunicatum Becker and Gerd, Gigaspora margarita Becker and Hall and Scutellospora heterogama Nicolson and Gerd) in seedlings of blueberry cultivars Woodard. The experimental design was a randomized block with five treatments, with four plots per treatment and six plants per plot. Plants inoculated with G. margarita showed greater height and dry weight of roots. The treatments with S. heterogama and G. margarita showed the highest results for the green biomass of roots. The performance was related to the rate of colonization of roots, plants inoculated with G. margarita and S. heterogama, were 48.2 and 45.1%, respectively. For the nutritional contents, plants inoculated with S. heterogama, G. etunicatum, G. clarum and G. margarita provided higher levels of N and P in the shoots.

Enraizamento de plântulas de mirtileiro em condição ex vitro com diferentes substratos

The objective of this study was to measure the capacity of ex vitro rooting of blueberry seedlings cultivars Bluebelle, Woodard and Georgiagem under different substrates. The experiment was carried out from February to April, 2009 in greenhouse at ± 25oC, set at Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel/FAEM) in Pelotas (RS). The seedlings (seven buds and seven leaves + stem apex) were immersed in IBA for 10 minutes, and after were put in closed plastic trails filled up with the following substrates: a) Plantmax®, b) Plantmax® + old pine sawdust (totally degraded), c) old pine sawdust, d) Plantmax® + medium grade expanded vermiculite and e) medium grade expanded vermiculite. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3x5 factorial arrangement, with three cultivars and five substrates. There were four replications per treatment and eight seedlings per replication. After 75 days the percentage of rooting seedlings, callus formation, surviving seedlings, length and number of roots, length of the largest root, seedlings height, number of shoots and total fresh biomass were assessed. The better substrates to ex vitro rooting of blueberry seedlings are medium grade expanded vermiculite, old pine sawdust and Plantmax® + medium grade expanded vermiculite. Higher potential of ex vitro rooting is achieved with the cultivars Bluebelle and Woodard.

PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF ‘FUJI’ APPLE TREES ON ‘JM’ SERIES ROOTSTOCKS, IN SÃO JOAQUIM/SC

Centros de pesquisa internacionais tem desenvolvido novos porta-enxertos de macieira com maior produtividade, resistencia a pragas e doencas e adaptacao a diferentes condicoes edafoclimaticas. Entao, o desempenho desses novos porta-enxertos nas condicoes das principais regioes produtoras deve ser pesquisado. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de macieiras ‘Fuji’ em porta-enxertos da serie JM e M.7, na regiao de Sao Joaquim, SC. O experimento foi desenvolvido no periodo de 2010 a 2015. O material vegetal consistiu de plantas da cultivar Fuji enxertadas nos porta-enxertos JM.2, JM.3, JM.5, JM.7, JM.8 e M.7. As mudas de haste simples foram plantadas no inverno de 2002 em espacamento de 5 x 1,5m. As plantas foram conduzidas no sistema de lider central. O delineamento experimental foi de casualizacao por blocos com quatro repeticoes. As variaveis analisadas foram producao por planta, numero de frutos por planta, produtividade, eficiencia produtiva e area da secao transversal do tronco. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a producao de ‘Fuji’ foi maior com os porta-enxertos JM.3, JM.7, JM.8, e M.7. Os portaenxertos JM.2, JM.5, JM.7 e JM.8 induzem vigor semelhante a M.7. Os resultados tambem mostram que a massa de fruto e pouco influenciada pelo porta-enxerto.

Early performance of ‘Kampai’ and ‘Rubimel’ peach on 3 training systems

The aim of this study was to examine the early performance of ‘Kampai’ and ‘Rubimel’ peach on 3 training systems. The study was conducted between 2010 and 2013. Treatments were the training systems ‘Ypsilon’, Central Leader, and Open Center, arranged in a randomized complete block design. Assessed parameters were production per tree, fruit weight, yield, fruit firmness, and soluble solids. The early yield and economic return are greater in Central Leader training system for both cultivars. Besides, training system does not influence fruit quality attributes.

Prohexadione calcium reduces vegetative growth and increases fruit set of ‘Smith’ pear trees, in Southern Brazil

ABSTRACT: Prohexadione calcium (P-Ca) has been reported to effectively control shoot growth in several pear cultivars, but with a few reports about its efficiency under the climatic conditions of southern Brazil. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate vegetative growth, production, and fruit quality of ‘Smith’ pear trees in response to the use of different rates of P-Ca in the climatic conditions of southern Brazil. The experiment was conducted during the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 seasons, in a 6-year-old ‘Smith’ pear orchard, trained to a central-leader system, with spacing of 1.5 × 4.8 m, grafted onto Pyrus calleryana Decne. Different P-Ca rates were applied (100, 200, 300, and 400 mg·L –1 ) in different stages: first, in early spring for all treatments, and the others when shoot growth resumed (GR), but only for some treatments. Variables BASIC AREAS - Article Prohexadione calcium reduces vegetative growth and increases fruit set of ‘Smith’ pear trees, in Southern Brazil

GIBBERELLIC ACID REDUCES FLOWERING AND TIME OF MANUAL THINNING IN ‘MACIEL’ PEACH TREES

The thinning peach fruits is to reduce the load of the plant with the aim to improve the size, flavor and color of the remaining fruits. However, the practice of thinning requires high demand of manpower and become more expensive the production costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reduction of flowering buds and the time of hand thinning in ‘Maciel’ peach after gibberellic acid (GA3) application at different times and concentrations. The experiments were performed in the harvests of 2012 and 2013 in a commercial peach orchard located in the county of Morro Redondo, RS. The plants of cultivar Maciel, in 2012, were sprayed with four doses of GA3 0, 25, 75 and 125 mg L-1, at different times 20, 40 and 60 days after full bloom (DAFB). The number of flowering buds and consequently thenumber of flowers was reduced in the 2013 season after application of GA3 on the 2012 harvest. The manual thinning decreased with doses applied at 60 DAFB. The number of flowering buds and consequently the number of flowers was reduced in 2013. There was reduction of manual thinning when applied at 60 DAFB. The doses of 25, 75 and 125 mg L-1 applied at 60 DAFB resulted in a reduction of 50.1, 76.9 and 87.1%, respectively, at the time of hand thinning. When applied the dose of 25 mg L-1 of GA at 60 DAFB reduces the number of flowering buds and hand thinning time in the next cycle in ‘Maciel’ peach, without compromising production.