André Luiz Kulkamp de Souza

Microestaquia em mirtileiro com diferentes porções do ramo e substratos

This work was carried out aiming to evaluate the rooting capacity of microcuttings derived from different positions (median and apical) of the blueberry branches under protected environment. The blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) branches cv. Climax used for this experiment were derived from the micropropagated plants. Two types of microcuttings (apical and median) and three substrates (Plantmax® + carbonized rice rusks (1:1); Humus Fertil® and Vermicompound of cattle) were used. The indolbutiric acid (IBA) was applied at 2000 mg L-1 to stimulate rooting. The microcuttings were put into expanded polystyrene trays. Microcuttings from the median position showed higher percentage of surviving, higher number of leaves and shoots; however, they had higher callus formation. The number of roots is dependent on the type of microcutting and substrate used. The use of median microcuttings together with the use of the substrate Plantmax® + carbonized rice rusks are favorable to plant production of the blueberry cv. Climax, with increases in rooting percentage and surviving cuttings, length of roots and number of leaves and shoots.

Development of 'Maciel' peach trees on different propagation systems.

The development of new technologies for seedling production is essential in fruit growing. In this context, the objective was to compare vegetative and productive aspects of ‘Maciel’ peach trees and the quality of fruits from plants under different propagation systems. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with four replications, in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme, two years (2014 and 2015) and three propagation systems (self-rooted ‘Maciel’ (minicutting), ‘Maciel’ with rootstock ‘Okinawa’ (minicutting) e ‘Maciel’ with rootstock ‘Okinawa’ (seed)). The variables evaluated were canopy volume, trunk diameter, yield, productive efficiency, fruit diameter, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, pH, pulp firmness, carotenoids, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. The self-rooted ‘Maciel’ peach plants, in the second year of evaluation, present higher canopy volume, trunk diameter and thus, they express higher yield and productive efficiency. Fruit quality how much soluble solids, titratable acidity, SS/TA ratio, pH and pulp firmness are not altered by different propagation systems. The use of different propagation systems over two years modifies the levels of carotenoids and phenolic compounds total and, consequently, the antioxidant capacity of the fruits of ‘Maciel’ peach plants.

COMPOSTAGEM COM AERAÇÃO FORÇADA COMO ALTERNATIVA DE APROVEITAMENTO DOS RESÍDUOS GERADOS PELA AGROINDÚSTRIA CONSERVEIRA

A industria de conservas tem grande importância na economia da regiao de Pelotas, RS, produzindo um grande volume de residuos orgânicos que nao possuem um fim adequado. O trabalho objetivou encontrar uma alternativa a esse problema atraves da compostagem dos produtos oriundos dessa atividade para que esses sejam reutilizados como adubo orgânico. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em uma agroindustria de Pelotas, onde montaram-se duas baterias de reatores de compostagem com um sistema de aeracao forcada e controle de temperatura para a preparacao do composto. Foram testadas combinacoes de materiais orgânicos, utilizando-se os residuos originados da industria conserveira, associados a material rico em carbono. Durante o processo foram avaliadas a evolucao da temperatura interna, a evolucao do pH, a determinacao dos componentes quimicos, a relacao carbono/nitrogenio e a identificacao de fungos presentes no composto. Foi possivel constatar que o produto gerado e viavel como substituto de parte da adubacao quimica de um pomar, reduzindo-se com isso o custo de producao. Palavras-chave: adubacao orgânica, microrganismos, creditos de carbono, reaproveitamento, residuos agroindustrais . ABSTRACT The canning industry has a great importance on the economy of Pelotas, RS, resulting into a large volume of organic waste, which does not have a specific destination. The project is a search for an alternative to this problem through the composting of products from this activity in order that it can be reused as an organic fertilizer. This project was conducted at an agroindustry in Pelotas, where it was realized two reactor’s of tanks with an forced aeration system and temperature control. For the preparation of the compost was tested combinations of organic materials originated from the canning industry wastes and materials rich in carbon. During the process, several parameters were evaluated such as the evolution of the internal temperature through the process of composting, changing of pH, determination of the chemical components, relation of carbon / nitrogen and the identification of fungi presented in the compost. It was possible to verify that the product produced is viable as a substitute for the chemical fertilizer part of an orchard of fruits, so that the reducing the cost of production is also possible. Key words: organic fertilization, microorganism, carbon credit, reuse, agroindustries waste .