Catherine Caufield

Challenges and Approaches to Newcomer Health Research

Newcomers include immigrants, refugees, or asylum seekers. Approaches to research in newcomer populations include consideration of the insider–outsider status of the researcher(s), sample selection and recruitment strategies, and attention to language barriers. Potential research participants need to be identified, approached, and made to feel safe before, during, and after participation in research. Interpersonal relationships need to be negotiated with awareness of potential power imbalances, institutional discrimination, and trauma associated with premigration, migration, and settlement experiences. Embedded within these approaches should be awareness of the need to ensure the cultural safety of research participants through implementation of culturally competent research strategies.

International research capacity-building programs for nurses to study the drug phenomenon in Latin America: challenges and perspectives

The First International Research Capacity-Building Program for Nurses to Study the Drug Phenomenon in the Americas is a result of a partnership between the Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD) of the Organization of American States (OAS) and the Faculty of Nursing in the University of Alberta, with financial support from the Government of Canada. The program was divided into two parts. The first part of the program was held at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. It involved capacity-building in research methodologies at the Faculty of Nursing, which lead to the preparation of four multi-centric research proposals for drug demand reduction in the home countries of the eleven participants in the program. The second part of the program was related to the implementation of multi-centric research proposals in seven countries in Latin America and in Canada. This program presented expertise in research methodology to members of Latin American Schools of Nursing and introduced Latin American expertise to members of a Canadian Faculty of Nursing. The International Research Capacity-Building Program for Nurses to Study the Drug Phenomenon in the Americas has fostered the kind of inter-cultural respect and mutual appreciation necessary to confront the global health problem of the abuse of both licit and illicit drugs.O Primeiro Programa Internacional de Capacitacao para Enfermeiros no Estudo do Fenomeno das Drogas nas Americas e resultado de uma parceria entre a Comissao Interamericana para o Controle do Abuso das Drogas (CICAD) da Organizacao dos Estados Americanos (OEA) e a Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade de Alberta, com apoio financeiro do Governo do Canada. O programa foi dividido em duas partes. A primeira parte do programa foi realizada na Universidade de Alberta em Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Compreendeu a capacitacao em metodologias de pesquisa na Faculdade de Enfermagem, que levou a preparacao de quatro propostas de pesquisas multicentricas para a reducao da demanda de drogas nos paises de origem dos onze participantes no programa. A segunda parte do programa estava relacionada a implementacao de propostas de pesquisa multicentricas em sete paises da America Latina e no Canada. Este programa apresentou expertise em metodologias de pesquisa a membros de Escolas de Enfermagem latino-americanas e introduziu expertise latino-americana a membros de uma Faculdade de Enfermagem canadense. O Primeiro Programa Internacional de Capacitacao para Enfermeiros no Estudo do Fenomeno das Drogas nas Americas estimulou o tipo de respeito intercultural e apreco mutuo necessario para confrontar o problema de saude global do abuso das drogas licitas e ilicitas.

Mudando o foco: um estudo exploratório sobre uso de drogas e violência no trabalho entre mulheres das classes populares da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

This exploratory study aimed to investigate factors related to the use of illicit and licit drugs and workplace violence in a group of women from popular classes in the city of Rio de Janeiro. We used a descriptive and analytic quantitative approach was used, as well as a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with women who suffered or were suffering workplace violence, using the collective subject discourse analysis methodology. The results showed sociodemographic and work situations that can be considered as possible risk factors for drug consumption and workplace violence. The qualitative analysis shows how this group perceives the phenomena of drug use and workplace violence, expanding the comprehension about these issues and providing conceptual and methodological elements for additional studies on this subject.Este e um estudo exploratorio para o mapeamento de fatores envolvidos na relacao entre uso de drogas licitas e ilicitas e violencia no trabalho, em um grupo de mulheres das classes populares da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Para este estudo foi utilizada uma abordagem quantitativa descritiva e analitica, e tambem abordagem qualitativa a partir de entrevistas aprofundadas com mulheres que sofrem ou haviam sofrido situacoes de violencia no trabalho, utilizando a metodologia do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Os resultados evidenciam situacoes socio-demograficas e de trabalho que podem ser consideradas como possiveis fatores de risco para o consumo de drogas e violencia no trabalho. A analise qualitativa mostrou a forma como este grupo de mulheres ve o fenomeno do uso de drogas e da violencia no trabalho, ampliando a compreensao sobre estas questoes e fornecendo subsidios conceituais e metodologicos para estudos adicionais sobre o tema.

Drug consumption and violence in female work Zapallal - Lima/Peru

The study design was descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional, and qualitative. The objective was to identify sociodemographic and labor risk factors for drug consumption and types of violence in the workplace related to drug consumption, as well as to understand the perception of female workers regarding the relationship between drug consumption and workplace violence. We surveyed 125 women workers of four slums in the area of Zapallal, Lima, Peru, interviewing 16 women who experienced workplace violence. Among the participants, 52.8% consumed alcohol and 6.4% illegal drugs. Catholic women were at risk for consuming alcohol, while participants under 20 years of age were at risk for consuming illicit drugs. In this group, 17.6% of the women experienced verbal violence, 9.6% physical violence and 1.6% were sexually harassed in the workplace. Women victims of verbal violence have a risk for consuming illicit drugs. These women perceived themselves as a vulnerable group for violence in the workplace and weak for defending themselves. They expressed fear or shame in reporting cases of violence.

Consumo de drogas y violencia laboral en mujeres trabajadoras de Monterrey, N. L., México

El proposito de este estudio fue explorar el consumo de drogas y violencia laboral en una muestra de669 mujeres mayores de edad, que trabajaban y vivian en trece Areas Geoestadisticas Basicas de Monterrey,Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Se adopto un diseno descriptivo y correlacional con aproximacion cualitativa. Los resultadosrevelaron que el 37.1% de las mujeres consumio alcohol, el 29.1% tabaco, el 0.4% marihuana, el 0.1%inhalables y, entre las drogas medicas, el 5% consumio tranquilizantes y el 1.0% otras sustancias (barbituricos,antidepresivos, Tylenol/codeina). La prueba chi-cuadrada no encontro diferencia significativa de los factoressociodemograficos y laborales con el consumo de drogas (p>.05), a excepcion de la forma de trabajo (c2=18.08,gl=4, p=.001). Sin embargo, el indice de violencia mostro asociacion positiva con el consumo de drogas(p<.05). Se encontraron 126 casos que experimentaron violencia, de las cuales 34 narraron su experiencia. Lapercepcion del consumo de drogas y violencia se identifico en 2 categorias: La Conceptualizacion de la ViolenciaLaboral y la Relacion entre la Violencia y el Consumo de Drogas.DESCRIPTORES: violencia; trabajo de mujeresThe purpose of this study was to explore drug consumption and occupational violence in a sample of 669 adult women, working and living in 13 basic geostatistical areas of Monterrey, Nuevo León, México, using a descriptive correlational design with a qualitative approach. Results indicated that 37.1% of women consumed alcohol, 29.1% tobacco, 0.4% marihuana, 0.1% inhalants, and, among medical drugs, 5% consumed tranquilizers, and 1% other substances (barbiturates, antidepressive agents, Tylenol/codeine). The c2 test found no significant difference between sociodemographic and occupational factors and drug consumption (p<.05), except for the work form (c2=18.08, gl=4, p=.001). However, violence rate showed a positive association with drug consumption (p<.05). This study found 126 cases of violence, 34 of which narrated their experience. Drug consumption and violence perception was identified in 2 categories: Conceptualization of Occupational Violence and Relationship between Violence and Drug Consumption.

Drug consumption and occupational violence in working women of Monterrey, N. L., Mexico

El proposito de este estudio fue explorar el consumo de drogas y violencia laboral en una muestra de669 mujeres mayores de edad, que trabajaban y vivian en trece Areas Geoestadisticas Basicas de Monterrey,Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Se adopto un diseno descriptivo y correlacional con aproximacion cualitativa. Los resultadosrevelaron que el 37.1% de las mujeres consumio alcohol, el 29.1% tabaco, el 0.4% marihuana, el 0.1%inhalables y, entre las drogas medicas, el 5% consumio tranquilizantes y el 1.0% otras sustancias (barbituricos,antidepresivos, Tylenol/codeina). La prueba chi-cuadrada no encontro diferencia significativa de los factoressociodemograficos y laborales con el consumo de drogas (p>.05), a excepcion de la forma de trabajo (c2=18.08,gl=4, p=.001). Sin embargo, el indice de violencia mostro asociacion positiva con el consumo de drogas(p<.05). Se encontraron 126 casos que experimentaron violencia, de las cuales 34 narraron su experiencia. Lapercepcion del consumo de drogas y violencia se identifico en 2 categorias: La Conceptualizacion de la ViolenciaLaboral y la Relacion entre la Violencia y el Consumo de Drogas.DESCRIPTORES: violencia; trabajo de mujeresThe purpose of this study was to explore drug consumption and occupational violence in a sample of 669 adult women, working and living in 13 basic geostatistical areas of Monterrey, Nuevo León, México, using a descriptive correlational design with a qualitative approach. Results indicated that 37.1% of women consumed alcohol, 29.1% tobacco, 0.4% marihuana, 0.1% inhalants, and, among medical drugs, 5% consumed tranquilizers, and 1% other substances (barbiturates, antidepressive agents, Tylenol/codeine). The c2 test found no significant difference between sociodemographic and occupational factors and drug consumption (p<.05), except for the work form (c2=18.08, gl=4, p=.001). However, violence rate showed a positive association with drug consumption (p<.05). This study found 126 cases of violence, 34 of which narrated their experience. Drug consumption and violence perception was identified in 2 categories: Conceptualization of Occupational Violence and Relationship between Violence and Drug Consumption.

Programas internacionais de capacitação em pesquisa para enfermeiros no estudo do fenómeno das drogas na América Latina: desafios e perspectivas

The First International Research Capacity-Building Program for Nurses to Study the Drug Phenomenon in the Americas is a result of a partnership between the Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD) of the Organization of American States (OAS) and the Faculty of Nursing in the University of Alberta, with financial support from the Government of Canada. The program was divided into two parts. The first part of the program was held at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. It involved capacity-building in research methodologies at the Faculty of Nursing, which lead to the preparation of four multi-centric research proposals for drug demand reduction in the home countries of the eleven participants in the program. The second part of the program was related to the implementation of multi-centric research proposals in seven countries in Latin America and in Canada. This program presented expertise in research methodology to members of Latin American Schools of Nursing and introduced Latin American expertise to members of a Canadian Faculty of Nursing. The International Research Capacity-Building Program for Nurses to Study the Drug Phenomenon in the Americas has fostered the kind of inter-cultural respect and mutual appreciation necessary to confront the global health problem of the abuse of both licit and illicit drugs.O Primeiro Programa Internacional de Capacitacao para Enfermeiros no Estudo do Fenomeno das Drogas nas Americas e resultado de uma parceria entre a Comissao Interamericana para o Controle do Abuso das Drogas (CICAD) da Organizacao dos Estados Americanos (OEA) e a Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade de Alberta, com apoio financeiro do Governo do Canada. O programa foi dividido em duas partes. A primeira parte do programa foi realizada na Universidade de Alberta em Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Compreendeu a capacitacao em metodologias de pesquisa na Faculdade de Enfermagem, que levou a preparacao de quatro propostas de pesquisas multicentricas para a reducao da demanda de drogas nos paises de origem dos onze participantes no programa. A segunda parte do programa estava relacionada a implementacao de propostas de pesquisa multicentricas em sete paises da America Latina e no Canada. Este programa apresentou expertise em metodologias de pesquisa a membros de Escolas de Enfermagem latino-americanas e introduziu expertise latino-americana a membros de uma Faculdade de Enfermagem canadense. O Primeiro Programa Internacional de Capacitacao para Enfermeiros no Estudo do Fenomeno das Drogas nas Americas estimulou o tipo de respeito intercultural e apreco mutuo necessario para confrontar o problema de saude global do abuso das drogas licitas e ilicitas.

Emancipatory Possibilities beyond Kyriarchy: A Mexican Woman's Story

Maria, a self-sufficient Mexican Christian woman, understands her life in terms of her relationship with God. Giving Maria voice as directly as possible, locating her within her cultural context of contemporary Mexico, and considering her conceptualization of God through the lens of critical theory, crevices are revealed where the light of transcendence shines through. This permits, however briefly, possibilities for reconciliation and resistance to the kinds of kyriarchal domination that are reflected in Maria’s particular story.

Religious Studies . . . and . . . Theology

Religion plays an important role in human life and history. A strong liberal education requires introduction to the intellectual analysis of this important dimension of human existence. A major in religious studies and theology provides a broad intellectual context for those who wish to study religion in greater depth. The major program offers study and appreciation of Roman Catholicism, other sects of Christianity including Eastern Orthodoxy, Jewish religious thought, the Islamic tradition, and surveys of other religions. This approach involves the comparative study of religions and a positive approach to the varieties of non-religion, such as atheism. The department provides the opportunity for a critical appraisal of religious faith through the study of primary source materials — scriptural, historical, and theological — and the use of interdisciplinary methodologies, such as anthropology, sociology, and psychology. The department also expresses the religious dimension of the college’s founding in the Jesuit and Catholic tradition. Its orientation is to serve the community that shares the values of that tradition. For a more detailed description of the program, faculty, facilities, academic and cocurricular opportunities please go to the Religious Studies and Theology website (https://www.canisius.edu/academics/programs/religious-studiesand-theology).

Challenges for a North American Doing Research with Traditional Indigenous Guatemalan Midwives

The purpose to this article is to narratively explore the process of doing research in a transcultural setting. The research project was an ethographic design using the method of participant observation. The setting was the highlands of Guatemala, and the participants were traditional indigenous midwives with a divine mandate to practice. Using the experience of the research process, the author makes recommendations to future student researchers.