Cláudia Roberta Damiani

Aib e substrato na produção de mudas de mirtilo cv. "Climax" através de microestaquia

Although blueberries in the South of Brazil have been researched and produced as a new alternative in the horticulture, the majority of plants are propagated vegetatively through the use of cuttings and the results obtained are unsatisfactory. In this way, this research was aimed at testing the rooting ability of rabbiteye Blueberry by microcuttings techniques. Microcuttings from acclimated plants of Vaccinium ashey Reade cv. Climax obtained through micropropagation were tested. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using two types of microcuttings (middle and apex shoots), two substrate (sand and Plantmax®) and three concentrations of indole-3butyric-acid (0, 1000, and 2000mg L-1). After 60th day, it was evaluated: surviving microcuttings percentage, percentage of rooted microcuttings, roots number, roots length, and length more developed root. We concluded that the microcuttings can be an efficient technique for blueberry plantlets production, by using micropropagated plants as explants donors. The use of microcuttings from middle section provided high percentage of survived and rooted microcuttings, independent of IBA concentration. On the other hand, for cuttings from the apex section, the AIB application was required for rooting improvement.

Micropropagação como técnica de rejuvenescimento em mirtilo (Vaccinium ashei Reade) cultivar climax

Objetivou-se com este experimento avaliar o rejuvenescimento do material vegetal atraves da tecnica de micropropagacao na producao de mudas de mirtilo, cv. Climax. Os tratamentos aplicados constituiram-se de dois tipos de citocininas (zeatina e 2iP), em quatro concentracoes (0; 2,5; 5,0 e 7,5 mg.L-1) e duas fontes de explantes (plantas micropropagadas e plantas obtidas atraves da germinacao de sementes in vitro). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2x4x2. Aos 60 dias apos a instalacao do experimento avaliou-se o numero medio de brotos e de gemas por explante, o comprimento medio dos brotos e a taxa de multiplicacao. Concluiu-se que plantas de mirtilo, micropropagadas na presenca de citocinina e submetidas a sucessivas repicagens, demonstram elevada habilidade de rejuvenescimento in vitro do material adulto, podendo ser comparadas as plantas obtidas de semente, tanto na capacidade de emitir novas brotacoes, quanto no numero de gemas e taxa de multiplicacao.

Multiplicação fotoautotrófica de mirtilo através do uso de luz natural

Aiming to minimize the costs of in vitro conventional multiplication of blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade) and to optimize the production of micropropagated seedlings of this particular species, this work compared the effect between natural and artificial light by cultivating the explants in different growth places (greenhouse and growth room). Also, it was tested two seasons: summer and winter, as well as the effect of different sucrose concentrations added to the culture environment and different types of flasks sealing. During the 60 days of in vitro multiplication, it was assessed the average shoot number, multiplication rate and total fresh matter. It was verified that the use of different materials for sealing does not alter the shoot length; however, it promotes different performances on multiplication rate, on the average leaves number and mainly on the amount of total fresh matter. Explants grown in flasks closed with plastic film or aluminum increase the number of leaves and the multiplication rate. On the other hand, explants grown in flasks closed with cotton and under photoautotrophic conditions increase in great scale the amount of total fresh matter. Under conventional conditions of micropropagation the addition of 15 g.L-1 sucrose to the culture environment favors the increase of leaves number, the multiplication rate, the total fresh matter and the shoot development. Nevertheless, for most of the variables the addition did not differ significantly from the cultivation in sucrose absence. The explants growth, under different growth places and year time, showed different performances regarding to the analyzed variable.