Cristina Brandt Nunes

Profissionais de saúde e violência intrafamiliar contra a criança e adolescente

Objectives: To understand how heath care professionals approach family violence against children and teenagers. Methods: This was a qualitative case study with 30 health care professionals. Results: Health care professionals were concerned with the lack of successful family problems resolution. Measures used by health care professionals emphasized punitive actions instead of caring behaviors. The characteristics of the job did not allow of the health care professionals to express their feelings and reactions and to know how to successfully address family violence. Health care professionals’ approaches to address violence with families who already experienced violence may also become violent acts against those families. Conclusion: Approaches used to address family violence against children and teenagers reflect a lack of integration among the several categories of health care professionals and health care services.

Conceptions held by health professionals on violence against children and adolescents within the family

Este estudio busco comprender las concepciones que los profesionales de la salud manifiestan sobre laviolencia intrafamiliar contra ninos y adolescentes. Fue utilizada la metodologia cualitativa a traves del estudiode caso y tecnicas de observacion participante, entrevista y consulta a documentos. Los participantes trabajabanen una Unidad de Salud de la Familia en Brasil. Se observo que estos profesionales asocian la violencia a lacoyuntura economica, social, politica y a aspectos culturales; para algunos de ellos, los actos violentos sonparte del ciclo intergeneracional y de la dinamica familiar. La punicion fisica, considerada violencia por algunos,es defendida por otros como una medida educativa. Definen violencia basandose en una construccion previaque tienen los sujetos como victimas o agresores, perdiendo asi la dimension relacional del fenomeno. Seobserva que los profesionales de la salud tienen dificultad para comprender la violencia dentro del contexto enque tiene significado, asi como para reconocerla como una consecuencia de dinamica relacional compleja.DESCRIPTORES: violencia; prestacion de atencion de salud; salud del nino; salud del adolescente; salud de lafamilia; enfermeria pediatricaThe present study sought to understand the conceptions held by health professionals with regards to violence within the family against children and adolescents. Qualitative case-study methodology and techniques of participant observation, interviewing, and search in documents were used. Participants were staffed in a government-run Family Health Basic Unit in Brazil. Health professionals were found to associate violence with the economic, social, and political juncture and with cultural aspects; for some, violent acts are part of the intergenerational cycle and family dynamics. Physical punishment, considered as violence by some, is advocated as an educational measure by others. Participants also base their definition of violence on an a priori construction of subjects as either victims or aggressors, thus missing the relational dimension of the phenomenon. Health professionals were found to have difficulty in understanding violence in the context that gives it a meaning and to recognize it as consequence of a complex relational dynamics.

Violência sexual contra adolescentes: notificações nos conselhos tutelares, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

Estudo com o objetivo de verificar nos Conselhos Tutelares Norte e Sul do municipio de Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, a ocorrencia de notificacoes de violencia sexual contra adolescentes em 2007 e 2008. Pesquisa descritiva quantitativa retrospectiva baseada em dados dos arquivos de notificacoes de violencia sexual contra adolescentes. A maioria das vitimas era do sexo feminino. Houve prevalencia da faixa etaria de 10 a 14 anos, para ambos os sexos. Predominaram agressores masculinos. A maior parte dos atos de violencia sexual notificados ocorreu em ambiente domestico. A abordagem do profissional de saude frente aos casos de violencia sexual deve ser permeada por respeito para com a vitima e sua familia. Para tanto, requer-se um atendimento acolhedor, que assegure a privacidade necessaria para que o adolescente possa expressar os fatos e manifestar seus sentimentos.

Concepções de profissionais de saúde sobre a violência intrafamiliar contra a criança e o adolescente

Este estudio busco comprender las concepciones que los profesionales de la salud manifiestan sobre laviolencia intrafamiliar contra ninos y adolescentes. Fue utilizada la metodologia cualitativa a traves del estudiode caso y tecnicas de observacion participante, entrevista y consulta a documentos. Los participantes trabajabanen una Unidad de Salud de la Familia en Brasil. Se observo que estos profesionales asocian la violencia a lacoyuntura economica, social, politica y a aspectos culturales; para algunos de ellos, los actos violentos sonparte del ciclo intergeneracional y de la dinamica familiar. La punicion fisica, considerada violencia por algunos,es defendida por otros como una medida educativa. Definen violencia basandose en una construccion previaque tienen los sujetos como victimas o agresores, perdiendo asi la dimension relacional del fenomeno. Seobserva que los profesionales de la salud tienen dificultad para comprender la violencia dentro del contexto enque tiene significado, asi como para reconocerla como una consecuencia de dinamica relacional compleja.DESCRIPTORES: violencia; prestacion de atencion de salud; salud del nino; salud del adolescente; salud de lafamilia; enfermeria pediatricaThe present study sought to understand the conceptions held by health professionals with regards to violence within the family against children and adolescents. Qualitative case-study methodology and techniques of participant observation, interviewing, and search in documents were used. Participants were staffed in a government-run Family Health Basic Unit in Brazil. Health professionals were found to associate violence with the economic, social, and political juncture and with cultural aspects; for some, violent acts are part of the intergenerational cycle and family dynamics. Physical punishment, considered as violence by some, is advocated as an educational measure by others. Participants also base their definition of violence on an a priori construction of subjects as either victims or aggressors, thus missing the relational dimension of the phenomenon. Health professionals were found to have difficulty in understanding violence in the context that gives it a meaning and to recognize it as consequence of a complex relational dynamics.

Health care professionals' approaches to address family violence against children and teenagers

Objectives: To understand how heath care professionals approach family violence against children and teenagers. Methods: This was a qualitative case study with 30 health care professionals. Results: Health care professionals were concerned with the lack of successful family problems resolution. Measures used by health care professionals emphasized punitive actions instead of caring behaviors. The characteristics of the job did not allow of the health care professionals to express their feelings and reactions and to know how to successfully address family violence. Health care professionals’ approaches to address violence with families who already experienced violence may also become violent acts against those families. Conclusion: Approaches used to address family violence against children and teenagers reflect a lack of integration among the several categories of health care professionals and health care services.

Quality of life in adults with sickle cell disease: an integrative review of the literature

OBJECTIVE To identify the available evidence in the literature on health-related quality of life in adults with sickle cell disease. METHOD integrative review of MEDLINE, CUMED, LILACS and SciELO databases, from articles developed in this area, published between 2005 and 2015, in English, Portuguese or Spanish. RESULTS 22 articles were included, six scales were used to evaluate health-related quality of life scores: three generic and three specific. No specific scale for adults with sickle cell disease has been adapted to Brazilian Portuguese so far. Patients affected by frequent painful crises, with low adherence to treatment, had a compromised quality of life. CONCLUSION Selected studies have shown that patients with sickle cell disease have worse scores than the general population. These indicators should be instrumental to the nurse in the proposal of interventions and strategies of assistance and socio-educational, with a view to improving the quality of life of this clientele.

Nursing Diagnosis of Mothers and Roomed-In Newborns

Objetivo: To identify the more frequent nursing diagnoses (ND) among mothers and newborns (NB) in a rooming-in accommodation, according to the taxonomy of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) 2015-2017. Method: This is a quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive study in a Rooming-in Maternity of a University Hospital located in the Midwest region of Brazil, in the period from July to October 2013. Results: The sample consisted of 101 mothers and their 102 newborn babies. There were 20 NDs identified among the mothers and nine ND among the newborns. The most common ND among the mothers were the risk of infection (96%), impaired tissue integrity (96%), impaired comfort (84%) and willingness to improved breastfeeding (66%); among the newborns ND there were the risk of infection (100%) and the risk of imbalance of body temperature (100%). Conclusion: A The identification of ND is essential for the work of nurses in rooming-in hospitals. It is expected that the results obtained in this research can contribute to the effectiveness of the NP in similar situations.

[Sexual violence against adolescents in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil].

OBJECTIVE To analyze the situation of sexual violence against adolescents. METHODS Cross-sectional study with spatial analysis, covering 172 reporting forms, from January 2009 to January 2013, in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul. Data were grouped by neighborhood for spatial analysis. The statistical analysis was descriptive. RESULTS Adolescents in situations of violence were mostly girls (94.8%) and white (37.8%). Domestic violence prevailed (51.7%) and with one perpetrator (66.9%). Pregnancy (8.7%) was one of the consequences. The cases were evenly distributed in the city without a preferential spatial pattern and regardless of social background. CONCLUSIONS Despite the underreporting of sexual violence cases, the frequency and the individual and collective consequences of this are serious enough to make it a public health issue.

Violencia sexual contra adolescentes en Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

OBJECTIVE To analyze the situation of sexual violence against adolescents. METHODS Cross-sectional study with spatial analysis, covering 172 reporting forms, from January 2009 to January 2013, in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul. Data were grouped by neighborhood for spatial analysis. The statistical analysis was descriptive. RESULTS Adolescents in situations of violence were mostly girls (94.8%) and white (37.8%). Domestic violence prevailed (51.7%) and with one perpetrator (66.9%). Pregnancy (8.7%) was one of the consequences. The cases were evenly distributed in the city without a preferential spatial pattern and regardless of social background. CONCLUSIONS Despite the underreporting of sexual violence cases, the frequency and the individual and collective consequences of this are serious enough to make it a public health issue.

Violência sexual contra adolescentes em Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul

OBJECTIVE To analyze the situation of sexual violence against adolescents. METHODS Cross-sectional study with spatial analysis, covering 172 reporting forms, from January 2009 to January 2013, in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul. Data were grouped by neighborhood for spatial analysis. The statistical analysis was descriptive. RESULTS Adolescents in situations of violence were mostly girls (94.8%) and white (37.8%). Domestic violence prevailed (51.7%) and with one perpetrator (66.9%). Pregnancy (8.7%) was one of the consequences. The cases were evenly distributed in the city without a preferential spatial pattern and regardless of social background. CONCLUSIONS Despite the underreporting of sexual violence cases, the frequency and the individual and collective consequences of this are serious enough to make it a public health issue.