Deddy Muchtadi

Association of complex lipids containing gangliosides with cognitive development of 6-month-old infants

BACKGROUND Human breastmilk contains gangliosides which may play an important role in infant neurodevelopment. AIM A pilot study was conducted to assess the impact of infant formula supplemented with gangliosides from complex milk lipid on cognitive functions of normal healthy infants. STUDY DESIGN The study was a double-blind, randomized, controlled, parallel group clinical trial in which infants received the treatment or control product from 2 to 8 weeks of age until 24 weeks of age. The control group (n=30) received standard infant formula and the treatment group (n=29) received the same formula supplemented with complex milk lipid to increase the ganglioside content to approximately 11 to 12 μg/ml. A reference group (n=32) consisted of normal healthy exclusively breast-fed infants. OUTCOME MEASURES Cognitive development using the Griffith Scales and serum gangliosides was measured before (2-8 weeks of age) and after intervention (24 weeks of age). RESULTS Ganglioside supplementation using complex milk lipids significantly increased ganglioside serum levels (control group vs treatment group, P=0.002) and resulted in increased scores for Hand and Eye coordination IQ (P<0.006), Performance IQ (P<0.001) and General IQ (P=0.041). Cognitive development scores and serum ganglioside levels for the treatment group did not differ from the reference group. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation of infant formula with complex milk lipid to enhance ganglioside content appears to have beneficial effects on cognitive development in healthy infants aged 0-6 months, which may be related to increased serum ganglioside levels.

Efek suplementasi Zn terhadap status imun wanita premenopause yang diintervensi dengan minuman berisoflavon

The research was conducted to find out the effect of Zn supplement to immune status of premenopausal women intervented with isoflavoned drinking. Respondents were 22 women, more than 40 year of age. They were divided into two groups, i.e. 11 women intervented with isoflavone, and other 11 women intervented with isoflavone and 8 mg Zn. The activities of SOD, catalase and GPX were determined by spectrophotometer, thymulin levels by ELISA, whereas Zn levels by AAS. Result showed that Zn had significantly increased SOD lymphocyte activities (p=0.002) and thymulin plasma (p=0.011). Zn had increased catalase (p=0.103) and GPX (p=0.322) as well, but Zn plasma had decreased (0.163). It was indicated that Zn had improved the immune status by increasing lymphocyte and thymus cells activities

The tuber extract and flour of Dioscorea alata normalize the blood lipid profile of rabbits treated with high cholesterol diets

Abstrak Latar belakang:Organisasi Kesehatan se Dunia (WHO) merekomendasin konsumsi sayur dan buah paling sedikit 400 gr atau 5 (lima) porsi sayur dan buah sehari. Penelitian ini untuk menentukan alternatif jumlah dan jenis anjuran konsumsi sayur dan buah untuk usia 65 tahun atau lebih untuk kecukupan zat gizi vitamin A, vitamin C, potassium, asam folat, dan serat. Metode:Penelitian menggunakan data konsumsi sayur dan buah dari data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2010. Analisis data menggunakan program analisis linier untuk memperoleh lima alternatif jumlah dan jenis sayur dan buah untuk usia lebih dari 65 tahun. Hasil:Subjek yang dapat dianalisis sebanyak 7087 orang. Lima jenis buah yang paling banyak dikonsumsi adalah pisang, jeruk, pepaya, apel dan semangka. Lima jenis sayur yang paling banyak dikonsumsi adalah sayur bayam, sayur kangkung, sayur daun singkong, sayur asam, dan sayur sop. Berdasarkan hasil analisis progam linier dan ngka Kecukupan Gizi tahun 2004 untuk vitamin A, vitamin C, asam folat, serat, dan potasium bagi usia lebih dari 65 tahun, maka jumlah anjuran konsumsi sayur dan buah adalah 300 gram sayuran dan 200-400 gram buah. Kesimpulan: Anjuran alternatif konsumsi sayur dan buah untuk usia lebih dari 65 tahun adalah 300 gram (3 mangkok) sayuran dan 200-400 gram (2-4 potong) buah. (Health Science Indones 2014;1:30-4) Kata kunci:anjuran konsumsi harian, sayur, buah, usia lajut Abstract Background: The WHO recommends the daily consumption of fruits and vegetables of at least 400 grams or 5 servings. This study was conducted to assess consumption of fruits and vegetables in 65 year-old and above Indonesians, and the adequacy of daily requirements of vitamin A, vitamin C, potassium, folic acid, and fiber. Methods: The study used data from 2010 National Health Survey Indonesia. Using linier programming, 5 alternatives of combination of fruits and vegetables were presented for 65 year-old and above. Result: The number of subjects that could be analyzed was 7087 subjects. The study found the five most frequently consumed fruits were bananas, oranges, papayas, apples, and watermelons. Five most frequently consumed vegetables dishes were cooked spinach, water spinach (kangkung), cassava leaves, tamarind vegetable dish and vegetable soup. The alternative amount of fruits and vegetables consumption for 65 year-olds and above is 300 grams of cooked vegetables and 200-400 grams of fruits. Conclusion: Alternative fruits and cooked vegetables consumptions for 65 year-old and above Indonesians were 300 grams (3 bowls) grams of cooked vegetables and 200-300 grams (2-4 pieces) of fruits. (Health Science Indones 2014;1:30-4) Key words: daily consumption guide, fruits, vegetables, elderly

Effect of Zn Supplemented to Immune Status Premenopausal Women Intervented with Isoflavoned Drinking

Sperm collected from cauda epididymis is a source of male gametes. The purposes of this study was to evaluate an quality of frozen-thawed sperm of garut ram which was collected from cauda epididymis and cryopreserved with modified Tris extender, i.e: Tris extender (control, KT), Tris extender + 60 mM lactose (LS), and Tris extender + 60 mM lactose + 0.05% glutathione (GL). Quality of collected sperm including concentration, motility, live sperm, abnormality, cytoplasmic droplet, intact acrosomal cap (IAC), and intact plasma membrane (IPM) were evaluated. Results showed that mean of sperm concentration, percentages of motility, live sperm, abnormality, cytoplasmic droplet, IAC, and IPM of fresh epididymal sperm were 13,993.33 million/ml, 70.83, 82.83, 10.83, 8.5, 85.83, and 81.33%, respectively. Sperm quality after equilibration for LS and GL were significantly (PExperiments were conducted on the morphology, fertilization and embryo development rate of vitrified ovine oocytes matured in vitro. Three vitrification solutions were used for vitrification. PBS supplemented with 1% BSA, 30% ethylene glycol was added by one of three different sucrose concentrations, 1.00 M (VS1), 0.50 M (VS2), and 0.25 M (VS3). The results showed that the percentages of normal vitrified oocytes after warming were 78 and 63% in VS1 and VS2, respectively, which was significantly higher as compared for VS3. The fertilization rates were 59 and 66% in VS1 and VS2, respectively, which were also significantly higher as compared with VS3 (35%). Zygote viability after 18 h was 57; 43; and 40%, for VS1,VS2, and VS3, respectively, which was not significantly different. The incidence of polyspermic penetration increased with increasing sucrose concentration, i.e 23, 11, and 9% in VS1, VS2, and VS3, respectively, as compared with unvitrified oocytes (4%). The cleavage rate of vitrified oocytes in VS1 was 13.2% which was significantly lower (p

Pengaruh Spesies Zingiberaceae (Jahe, Temulawak, Kunyit, dan Kunyit Putih) dan Keetbalan Isiran Sebelum Pengeringan terhadap Kadar dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Aseton yang Dihasilkan

This research was aimed to determine the influence ofzingiberaceae species and the influence ofslice thickness before drying process by using cabinet dryer to the antioxidant content (total phenolics and curcumin) and antioxidant activity (absorbance of peroxide and malonaldehide ). The results of the research showed that total phenolics of turmeric extract (216.57 ppm) and temulawak (190.41 ppm) > ginger (127,97 ppm) > white turmeric extract (31,13 ppm), where as curcumin content of turmeric (55,93 ppm) and temulawak extract (48,95 ppm) > white turmeric (6,51 ppm) and ginger extract (4,67 ppm). The antioxidant activity that is indicated peroxide and malonaldehide forming from 1 inoleic acid which is supplemented to temulawak extract, turmeric, and ginger extract > white turmeric extract. Turmeric, temulawak, and ginger extract had the antioxidant activity higher than tocopherol, where as white turmeric had lower antioxidant activity than a tocopherol. The slicing sample with slice size of 4 mm before drying process with cabinet dryer had rate and antioxidant activity better than that of 2 mm. The total phenolics of zingiberaceae extract with slice size of 4 mm (161,86 ppm) > 2 mm (121,18 ppm), and the curcumin content of zingiberaceae extract with slice of 4 mm (34,58 ppm) > 2 mm (23,45 ppm). The slice of 4 mm had a relatff higher value than the slice of 2 mm to the antioxidant activity zingiberaceae extract that is indicated peroxide and malonaldehide formation.