Eduardo Beche

Épocas de semeadura e desempenho agronômico de cultivares de soja

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de epocas de semeadura no desempenho agronomico de cultivares de soja em Sao Domingos, SC, e indicar as cultivares mais estaveis e adaptadas a cada epoca. O experimento foi conduzido durante dois anos agricolas (2008/2009 e 2009/2010), com seis cultivares e quatro epocas de semeadura (15/10, 15/11, 15/12 e 15/1), em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com tres repeticoes e parcelas com area util de 3,6 m². A metodologia AMMI (modelos de efeitos principais aditivos com interacao multiplicativa) foi utilizada para avaliar o desempenho produtivo das cultivares, e a GGE (genotipo e interacao genotipo x ambiente) para avaliar a adaptabilidade e a estabilidade das cultivares nas diferentes epocas de semeadura. Em ambos os anos agricolas, as semeaduras em 15/10 e 15/11 maximizaram o numero de vagens por planta, o numero de graos por vagem, a estatura das plantas, o numero de ramos, a massa de mil sementes e, consequentemente, a produtividade de graos. As cultivares de ciclo medio ou precoce com porte elevado sao mais adequadas para semeaduras tardias.

Agronomic performance of wheat cultivars in response to nitrogen fertilization levels

The release of wheat cultivars with different nutritional demands and yield potential hinders generalized recommendations for nitrogen fertilization. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of different nitrogen fertilization levels (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha -1 of N) on the agronomic performance of six wheat cultivars ( Triticum aestivum L.) in two harvests. A randomized block factorial design with three replications was used. The response to fertilization levels was evaluated through AMMI (Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction) and GGE (Genotype main effects and Genotype x Environment interaction) biplot graphic methodologies and polynomial regression. There was genetic variability in response to nitrogen fertilization in the cultivars studied. The biggest increases in yield were observed under a more suitable water regime. The higher performance of yield components was associated with higher nitrogen fertilization levels.

Análises biplot na avaliação de cultivares de trigo em diferentes níveis de manejo

The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of wheat cultivars under different management levels. Experiments were carried out in Pato Branco (PR), within crop years 2008 and 2009. The experimental design was randomized blocks in factorial scheme, with three replicates. Treatments consisted in four levels of management, control (E1), traditional (E2) and optimized (E3 and E4), distinguished by level of chemical fertilization and by control of weeds, pests and diseases. Methodologies in AMMI and GGE biplot graphics were used for data analysis. The levels of management maximized the wheat yield, especially when meteorological features were not limiting. Adaptability showed difference among cultivars in the crop managements. The BRS Guamirim cultivar showed adaptability to levels E3 and E4 in crop year 2008, whereas it was associated to E1 and E2 in crop year 2009. Only the cultivars BRS Tangara (E1 and E2) and Pampeano (E3 and E4) kept association consistency to traditional and optimized levels, in both years. Biplot techniques are efficient to indicate more adapted cultivars to levels of crop management in wheat.

Monitoring levels of deoxynivalenol in wheat flour of Brazilian varieties

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium graminearum and its intake represents a severe risk to human and animal health. The objective of this study was to evaluate levels of DON in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) flour from two representative locations of south Brazil. Experiments were carried out in Pato Branco (Parana) and Coxilha (Rio Grande do Sul) in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Levels of DON were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). This mycotoxin was detected in 97% of samples, ranging from 200 to 4140 u,g kg-1. Only 17% of samples presented DON beyond of the maximum allowed by the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency up to the year 2012; even though, Fusarium head blight (FHB) epidemics were slight low in the growing season that the study was performed. According to our knowledge, this is the first report showing genetic variability of Brazilian cultivars to DON contamination and some genotypes have potential to be exploited as a source of low accumulation of this toxin.

Desempenho agronômico de cultivares de trigo em resposta a doses de adubação nitrogenada

The release of wheat cultivars with different nutritional demands and yield potential hinders generalized recommendations for nitrogen fertilization. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of different nitrogen fertilization levels (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha -1 of N) on the agronomic performance of six wheat cultivars ( Triticum aestivum L.) in two harvests. A randomized block factorial design with three replications was used. The response to fertilization levels was evaluated through AMMI (Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction) and GGE (Genotype main effects and Genotype x Environment interaction) biplot graphic methodologies and polynomial regression. There was genetic variability in response to nitrogen fertilization in the cultivars studied. The biggest increases in yield were observed under a more suitable water regime. The higher performance of yield components was associated with higher nitrogen fertilization levels.

Agronomic performance of wheat cultivars in response to nitrogen fertilization levels - doi: 10.4025/actasciagron.v34i3.14468

The release of wheat cultivars with different nutritional demands and yield potential hinders generalized recommendations for nitrogen fertilization. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of different nitrogen fertilization levels (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha -1 of N) on the agronomic performance of six wheat cultivars ( Triticum aestivum L.) in two harvests. A randomized block factorial design with three replications was used. The response to fertilization levels was evaluated through AMMI (Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction) and GGE (Genotype main effects and Genotype x Environment interaction) biplot graphic methodologies and polynomial regression. There was genetic variability in response to nitrogen fertilization in the cultivars studied. The biggest increases in yield were observed under a more suitable water regime. The higher performance of yield components was associated with higher nitrogen fertilization levels.