Elenir Fedosse

Assistência pré-natal na percepção de puérperas provenientes de diferentes serviços de saúde

OBJETIVO: conhecer a percepcao de puerperas acerca da assistencia pre-natal. METODO: foram entrevistadas em ate 48 horas apos o parto, 150 puerperas, provenientes de diferentes servicos de saude que acessaram o Hospital Universitario de Santa Maria/RS, no periodo de dezembro de 2010 a fevereiro de 2011. RESULTADOS: das 150 puerperas, 91,33% realizaram consultas de pre-natal em algum servico de saude do municipio e 8,67% nao realizaram nenhuma consulta. 56,67% das puerperas entrevistadas consideraram que fazer o pre-natal e importante tanto para a mae quanto para o bebe; quanto a assistencia pre-natal realizada no municipio 84,67% das puerperas julga que nao ha necessidade de mudancas. CONCLUSAO: apesar das usuarias considerarem a assistencia como adequada, as autoras avaliam que existem carencias na atencao pre-natal nos diferentes servicos e que poderiam ser supridas com a realizacao de um trabalho multiprofissional e interdisciplinar. Nesse sentido, intensificar o processo educativo entre as gestantes pode melhorar a qualidade da atencao, eliminar a falta de realizacao de pre-natal e diminuir a morbi-mortalidade materno-infantil no municipio.

Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde e afasia: um estudo da participação social

Purpose To identify and analyze the impact of aphasia on social participation and daily activities of people affected by this disease, as well as to understand implications of environmental factors on limitations and restrictions of participation according to the criteria established by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Method Data presented and discussed were collected from 12 people of both sexes with aphasia participating in an Interdisciplinary Group for Coexistence. Data were collected between October 2011 and March 2013 and analyzed based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health checklist. Results All subjects had restrictions on performing and participating in their daily activities, either by biological, environmental or socio-cultural factors. Conclusions The restriction in participation was the most evident, mostly due to environmental factors than sequels resulting from the brain injury.Purpose To identify and analyze the impact of aphasia on social participation and daily activities of people affected by this disease, as well as to understand implications of environmental factors on limitations and restrictions of participation according to the criteria established by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Method Data presented and discussed were collected from 12 people of both sexes with aphasia participating in an Interdisciplinary Group for Coexistence. Data were collected between October 2011 and March 2013 and analyzed based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health checklist. Results All subjects had restrictions on performing and participating in their daily activities, either by biological, environmental or socio-cultural factors. Conclusions The restriction in participation was the most evident, mostly due to environmental factors than sequels resulting from the brain injury.

A potencialidade do sistema de informação de atenção básica para ações em fonoaudiologia

Purpose: to analyze documents of System of Primary Health Care (SIAB) tool and verify its potential for speech-language’s action planning. Methods: we analyzed the documents of Ministry of Health for the SIAB and accessed the records and reports of the SIAB’s Family Health Strategy and Municipal Health Department. Results: the data from SIAB express the life / health conditions of diseases and disorders of the families as well as reveal the conditions of service and health production, however, there are limitations such as, external interference (incompleteness of teams and mismanagement of the data) that impair their use. Conclusions: the data available on the audiologist SIAB approaching the real needs of users, promoting the organization of activities, stimulating the role of professionals and individuals favoring the bond and the solvability of the shares, which does not mean that they are sufficient, it is always possible to prepare or improve tools to facilitate the deployment or implementation of speech-language’s actions directed to the promotional activities in different levels of health care.

EPIDEMIOLOGIA E CUIDADO À DIABETES MELLITUS PRATICADO NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA

Object: Researching on epidemiologic studies about Diabetes Mellitus and about care in Primary Health Care in Brazil. Methodology: It is characterized as being a narrative review from researching terms such as “Primary Health Care”, “Basic Health Care”, “Epidemiology” and “Epidemiologic Studies” referred to “Diabetes Mellitus”, in the scientific data bases SCIELO, LILACS and PUBMED. Results: This research revealed a variation between 2% and 13% of Diabetes in Brazilian population, in these last three decades. It showed larger prevalence in women, in people with overweight/obesity, in sedentary individuals, in people with low schooling level and also this sickness diagnosis is more common in aged population. It revealed the importance of the educative practices in Primary Health Care, which objective is to reinforce self-care. Final considerations: Incidence and prevalence of Diabetes are increasing in Brazil. In Primary Health Care such pathology must be accompanied by a capable team for developing clinical care and educative practices. Descriptors: Diabetes Mellitus; Epidemiology; Epidemiologic Studies; Primary Health Care.

Os múltiplos aspectos da linguagem em processo demencial: um comparativo entre contexto doméstico e institucional

Analyzing the expression and interpretation/verbal comprehension and its underlying mechanisms (hearing, body balance, voice and orofacial motricity) of two elderly women with clinical picture of dementia - one living in the family environment and another on a home for the aged. Are presented the cases of two elderly: an 85-year-old woman, with diagnosis of Alzheimers Dementia, which resides with her husband and one of their daughters, and a 90-year-old woman diagnosed with Vascular Dementia residing in a home for the aged. Considering the language on its multiple aspects (hearing, body balance, voice and orofacial motricity) was held a complete speech evaluation, on which were observed linguistic manifestations that depict less verbal production on the part of the institutionalized elderly. The results obtained by the hearing assessments (accuracy and processing), body balance, voice and orofacial motricity revealed expected features in healthy ageing process. The organic-physiological conditions of the elderly were compatible with the natural process of ageing, while the linguistic-cognitive ones presented themselves more committed. The functioning of the language presented similar features - expected on the ageing in dementia process - in both elderly, but, the institutionalized one presented linguistic-cognitive manifestations more committed. This study demonstrates the convenience of the action of the Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences in the ageing, especially with dementia, not only in a family context but also in an institutional one.

Qualidade de vida e aspectos auditivos de trabalhadores do transporte coletivo urbano

Purpose: evaluating the quality of life of workers in the urban public transport, in association to its attention and complaints about hearing, tinnitus and dizziness. Methods: descriptive, qualitative and transversal. Data collection was performed at the University Hospital of Santa Maria, with sample of 26 professionals, who underwent abbreviated version of quality of life assessment questionnaire - WHO Quality of Life-Bref Questionnaire (WHOQOL - Bref) - and a questionnaire about knowledge and complaints related to hearing, dizziness and tinnitus. Data were analyzed using the software Statistica version 9.0, considering a 5% significance level. Results: the sample was characterized by 100% of males, with a mean age of 38.03 years and mean duration of 11.29 years of service; 88.46% of the subjects worked in direct contact with urban traffic and exposed to noise in the external environment to the company. As for the audio profile, 88.46% reported good hearing. As for the complaints: 23.07% 26.92% reported tinnitus and dizziness. With regard to hearing loss prevention habits, 73.07% reported not taking any conduct. The WHOQOL-Bref responses showed a good perception of quality of life of these subjects. Conclusion: the workers of public transport in the present study showed a good level of quality of life, considerable knowledge and limited complaints with regard to hearing issues, tinnitus and dizziness.

Contribuições das especialidades não-médicas na atenção básica: cuidado transdisciplinar em grupos de saúde

Objective:Present and discuss the multi-profesional of transdisciplinary nature performed by non-doctors experts in a group of health in primary care. Method: Descriptive research with qualitative methodology developed in a Health Unity with strategy of community health agents in the region central of Rio Grande do Sul on what were participate 15 users being the sample by convenience. As research technique was utilized the multi-focal group. Results: The activities decreased the urinary incontinence and, the swallowing difficulties; reduced the medications dosage and the demand for medical appointment, improved self-esteem and quality of life and had rehabilitative impact on some Chronical Noncommunicable Diseases and musculoskeletal disorders. The transdisciplinary action in group, closer to the context of assistance and care, provided the effectiveness of AB - reducing the number of referrals, besides favoring strengthening of ties between users and between workers and users. Conclusion: The transdisciplinary action in group it’s configured as an important health-promoting device relevant for the systematization of primary health care.

Fórum de Humanização: potente espaço para educação permanente de trabalhadores da Atenção Básica

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho e discutir os resultados do primeiro Forum Municipal de Humanizacao, usado como estrategia de educacao permanente para trabalhadores da Atencao Basica. Os trabalhadores foram divididos em grupos para discussao de uma situacao-problema e para, assim, buscar estrategias para efetivacao da Politica Nacional de Humanizacao. Participaram 71 profissionais de saude, alem de residentes e academicos. Concluiu-se que o Forum mostrou-se importante instrumento de educacao permanente, instigando os profissionais a participar ativamente das discussoes, com o intuito de construir e reconstruir processos de trabalho para desenvolver atencao integral aos usuarios.

CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE SUJEITOS QUE ACESSARAM UM HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO REGIONAL POR LESÃO ENCEFÁLICA ADQUIRIDA

This study to describe and relate profile, risk factors and diagnosis of 60 individuals affected by Acquired Brain Injuries (ABI) who accessed, in March 2015, a Regional Hospital, from of the State of Rio Grande do Sul. It is a descriptive, exploratory and quantitative study approved by the Research Ethics Committee. The average age of the individuals was 51.33 years; most of them, 53 (88.33%) are white people and 36 (60%) are male. The prevalent diagnosis was Hemorrhagic Stroke 15 (25%), 10 (16.7%) Coinfection Neurological and 9 (15%) Central Nervous System Tumors. Such episodes were associated with risk factors − hypertension, diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, smoking and Human Immunodeficiency Virus were present in 45%, 20%, 20%, 20%, 10% respectively. These resulting from preventable causes, which means that preventive actions related to vascular, infectious and neoplastic Nervous System diseases are not yet effective.

O ruído e a qualidade de vida na perspectiva de trabalhadores de postos de combustíveis

Purpose: to evaluate the understanding of noise and the perception about quality of life of gas station workers. Methods: this is an exploratory study with a sample of 32 employees, of both sexes from three gas stations of a country town in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Data were collected during the activities allusive to the International Noise Awareness Day, in April 2015, by a questionnaire on noise and hearing health and by the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-Bref). Results: most workers reported not having a hearing loss, discomfort or pain when subjected to noise. However, they believe that exposure to noise can lead to hearing loss as well as tinnitus and dizziness. The working environment was indicated as noisy, but the workers do not perceive noise producers and do not adopt preventive measures. Concerning the quality of life, the lowest score was for the environmental domain, in both sexes and age equal and less than 30 years. Conclusion: the study allowed to understand that the majority of workers does not have significant knowl edge about the need for protective measures against noise; also showed that the environmental domain was the most compromised in the perception of employees on quality of life.