Eloi Paulus

Substratos na produção hidropônica de mudas de hortelã

The normal growth and the formation of plants with quality for commercialization depends on good seedlings production. The right substrate has to be used. Hydroponic cultivation holds certain advantages: saving substrate, resulting in good establishment of the crop and quality of seedlings production. The experiment was carried out at the University of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The effect of substrates (without substrate, phenolic foam substrate and organicmineral substrates) was determined on the production of mint (Mentha x villosa) transplants by cuttings vegetable methods in hydroponics. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with three treatments and 20 replications, one plant being used in each repetition. We evaluated: height and number of leaves at 7; 14; 21 and 28 days after the transplant. Fresh and dry matter weight 35 days after transplant were also analyzed. The phenolic foam substrate showed the best results in relation to the production of fresh and dry matter. Phenolic foam and the organicmineral substrates were not significantly different, but were significantly superior to the treatment (direct in solution) without substrate.

Crescimento, consumo hídrico e composição mineral de alface cultivada em hidroponia com águas salinas

Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar o crescimento, o consumo hidrico e a extracao de nutrientes, por alface (Lactuca sativa L.) em sistema hidroponico NFT (fluxo laminar de nutrientes), com a utilizacao de aguas salinas no preparo da solucao nutritiva e reposicao da lâmina diaria evapotranspirada. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos, em ambiente protegido. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, sendo estudados os efeitos de cinco niveis de salinidade da agua, utilizando-se NaCl. O aumento da salinidade da agua reduziu, de forma linear, o crescimento e o consumo hidrico da alface. A salinidade reduziu a concentracao de macronutrientes na parte aerea, mas nao se observaram sintomas de deficiencia nutricional. O rendimento (massa de materia fresca da parte aerea) foi reduzido entre 6 e 6,5% por dS m-1, no primeiro e segundo cultivo, respectivamente. Os resultados obtidos em sistema de cultivo NFT podem indicar a possibilidade do uso da agua salina como alternativa para producao de hortalicas, para produtores que tem disponibilidade restrita de agua doce, porem, com reducao de produtividade.

Avaliação de substratos orgânicos na produção de mudas de hortelã (Mentha gracilis R. Br. e Mentha x villosa Huds.)

The determination of viable alternative substrates is of great importance for the production of medicinal seedlings since the use of residues from agricultural activities represents an alternative to solve environmental and social problems. The experiments were carried out in protected environment and in the field, located in the Federal Technological University of Parana, Dois Vizinhos Campus, Parana State, Brazil. The aim of this work was to evaluate organic substrates for the production of mint seedlings in the field. Experimental design was in randomized blocks, with three replicates, in a factorial arrangement evaluating four substrates [bovine manure + vermiculite + sand (1:1:1); bovine manure + sand + soil (1:1:1); soil + vermiculite + poultry manure (1:1:1); and the organomineral substrate Plantmax® HA] and two mint species (Mentha gracilis and Mentha x villosa). Plant height and leaf number were evaluated at 07, 14 and 21 days after transplanting, besides death rate and fresh and dry matter of shoots and roots. There was no interaction between mint species and substrates for the evaluated variables. The organomineral substrate Plantmax® HA presented the best results for leaf number (8.44), height (8.46 cm), fresh matter (1.56 g plant-1), dry matter (0.23 g plant-1) and set (100% seedlings in the field), which is of great interest for the mint producer. Based on these results, we concluded that the substrate Plantmaxâ HA is the most recommended for the production of Mentha x villosa and Mentha gracilis seedlings.

Teor e composição química do óleo essencial e crescimento vegetativo de Aloysia triphylla em diferentes espaçamentos e épocas de colheita

This study aimed to evaluate biomass production, content and components of the essential oil of Aloysia triphylla in different row spaces and harvest times. The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of Universidade Federal Tecnologica do Parana - Campus Dois Vizinhos, from March 2010 to January 2012. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications in a factorial scheme (3 x 11), subdivided blocks allocated in three planting rows plot (1.0 x 1.0 m, 1.0 x 0.80 m, 1x 0,60 m between rows and between plants, respectively) and on subplots, 11 harvest times (October/2010, November/2010, December/2010, January/2011, February/2011, March/2011, April/2011, May/2011, June/2011, August / 2011, September/2011). The characteristics assessed were: plant height, leaf area, fresh and dry matter, content and chemical composition of essential oil. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation technique, using a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed in a gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC / MS). The 1 x 1 m spacing resulted in greater height (1.57 m), leaf area (4460.3 cm2), fresh weight (1.266 g per plant), dry weight (594 g per plant) and content of essential oil (0.30%). The harvest performed in February resulted in higher levels of essential oil (0.45%). The chemical constituents of the essential oil vary with spacing and harvesting time. The highest content of citral was observed in plants cultivated at 1.0 x 1.0 m spacing and harvested from September to April.

Crescimento, produção e qualidade de frutos de pimenta ( Capsicum annuum) em diferentes espaçamentos

Planting density and cultivars suitable to climatic conditions of southwestern Parana State are of great importance in crop production and fruit quality of pepper. The objective of this study was to evaluate growth, production and fruit quality of pepper cultivars in different spacing and harvest seasons carried out in field in the southwestern Parana. The experiments were carried out in the experimental area of the Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana, Campus Dois Vizinhos, from September 2009 to July 2012. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications in a 2x3 factorial design, comprising two pepper varieties (BRS Mari and Paprika) and three planting densities: 1.50x1.00 m, 1.00x1.25 m, 1.50x1.25 m between rows and between plants, respectively. The number, fresh mass and production of fruits, length, fruit diameter, leaf area index, soluble solids, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin content in fresh fruits Were analyzed. BRS Mari resulted in greater number of fruits (199.33), production per area (5.87 t/ha), fresh fruit production (768.67 g/plant) and capsaicin (549.92 mg/kg) and dihydrocapsaicin (251.93 mg/kg) content. The spacing of 1.00x1.25 m resulted in higher yield per area (22.88 t/ha), capsaicin (362.25 mg/kg) and dihydrocapsaicin (165.02 mg/kg) content. Density can be a strategy for productivity of pepper cultivars evaluated.

Análise sensorial, teores de nitrato e de nutrientes de alface cultivada em hidroponia sob águas salinas

Sensory analysis, nitrate and nutrient concentration of lettuce grown in hydroponics under saline water This study aimed to evaluate the content of nutrients and nitrate and perform sensory analysis of lettuce in hydroponic system under saline water. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse from December, 2007 to January, 2008, in Piracicaba. The experimental design was randomized blocks and factorial scheme (five salinity levels obtained with the addition of NaCl that resulted in different electrical conductivities of the water (dS m

Solução nutritiva para produção de menta em hidroponia

The mint (Mentha arvensis L.) is an aromatic plant that produces essential oil with high menthol concentration. For the hydroponic cultivation of vegetables and fruits, a great number of recommended formulas exist; however, little information exists about hydroponic solutions for mint. The goal of this work was to evaluate a nutrient solution for the mint cultivation in hydroponic system. Two experiments were carried out from October to December, 2004. For the field experiment, transplants were obtained from cuttings and produced in organic mineral substrates (plantmax®). Later they were transplanted in seed beds of 5.00 m length and 1.00 m width, spacings of 0.60 x 0.30 m. For the hydroponic system NFT, seedlings were obtained from cuttings and planted in phenolic foam where they stayed during 18 days. After that, they were transplanted to a production canal. The experimental design was a 2x2 factorial (nutrient solution concentrations x spacings). The hydroponic solution with 100% concentration in transplant and 50% replacement when the electric condutivity decreased 50% of the initial value and 0.5 x 0.25 m spacings resulted in the highest concentration of essential oil (0.60 mL 100 g-1 fresh leaves), menthol (82,4%) and total dry matter (45 g plant-1). In hydroponic system the yield of dry matter and content of essential oil was higher than under soil conditions 27 g planta-1 of dry matter, concentration oil 0.53 mL 100 g-1 and 64,43% of menthol. The hydroponic solution with 100% concentration in transplant and 50% replacement when the electric condutivity decreased 50% of the initial value and 0.5 x 0.25 m spacing can be recommended for the cultivation of mint in hydroponic solution.

Perfil de estudantes do Proeja Técnico em Comércio do Instituto Federal Farroupilha - município de Júlio de Castilhos/RS em 2012

This study aimed to identify the profile of the Proeja students’. Was performed a survey of quantitative and qualitative character and as an instrument was used a questionnaire with 15 closed questions, which encompassed socioeconomic, family and school history, review of studies, work and difficulties, and an interview with the coordinator of the course. Most investigated invests in Proeja expecting to work in the area, and secondly as a way to complete high school. Consider the optimal teaching quality of the institution, and characterize teachers as concerned and dedicated. Most have aspirations of attending a higher level and to continue to provide courses in the study area. It was concluded that the professionalization by Proeja has the challenge of contributing to the inclusion of individuals of diversified capital in the world of work and to maintain access to the varied cultural heritage. Key-words: young and adults education, professional education, social inclusion.