Gilmar Antônio Nava

Crescimento, consumo hídrico e composição mineral de alface cultivada em hidroponia com águas salinas

Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar o crescimento, o consumo hidrico e a extracao de nutrientes, por alface (Lactuca sativa L.) em sistema hidroponico NFT (fluxo laminar de nutrientes), com a utilizacao de aguas salinas no preparo da solucao nutritiva e reposicao da lâmina diaria evapotranspirada. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos, em ambiente protegido. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, sendo estudados os efeitos de cinco niveis de salinidade da agua, utilizando-se NaCl. O aumento da salinidade da agua reduziu, de forma linear, o crescimento e o consumo hidrico da alface. A salinidade reduziu a concentracao de macronutrientes na parte aerea, mas nao se observaram sintomas de deficiencia nutricional. O rendimento (massa de materia fresca da parte aerea) foi reduzido entre 6 e 6,5% por dS m-1, no primeiro e segundo cultivo, respectivamente. Os resultados obtidos em sistema de cultivo NFT podem indicar a possibilidade do uso da agua salina como alternativa para producao de hortalicas, para produtores que tem disponibilidade restrita de agua doce, porem, com reducao de produtividade.

Teor e composição química do óleo essencial e crescimento vegetativo de Aloysia triphylla em diferentes espaçamentos e épocas de colheita

This study aimed to evaluate biomass production, content and components of the essential oil of Aloysia triphylla in different row spaces and harvest times. The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of Universidade Federal Tecnologica do Parana - Campus Dois Vizinhos, from March 2010 to January 2012. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications in a factorial scheme (3 x 11), subdivided blocks allocated in three planting rows plot (1.0 x 1.0 m, 1.0 x 0.80 m, 1x 0,60 m between rows and between plants, respectively) and on subplots, 11 harvest times (October/2010, November/2010, December/2010, January/2011, February/2011, March/2011, April/2011, May/2011, June/2011, August / 2011, September/2011). The characteristics assessed were: plant height, leaf area, fresh and dry matter, content and chemical composition of essential oil. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation technique, using a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed in a gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC / MS). The 1 x 1 m spacing resulted in greater height (1.57 m), leaf area (4460.3 cm2), fresh weight (1.266 g per plant), dry weight (594 g per plant) and content of essential oil (0.30%). The harvest performed in February resulted in higher levels of essential oil (0.45%). The chemical constituents of the essential oil vary with spacing and harvesting time. The highest content of citral was observed in plants cultivated at 1.0 x 1.0 m spacing and harvested from September to April.

Produção e aceitabilidade de cenoura sob cultivo orgânico no inverno e no verão

For the carrot cultivation it is important to understand the adaptation of cultivars according to the local weather conditions and consumer preference. The objective was to evaluate the performance and acceptance, thereby detecting the consumers preference for different carrot cultivars in organic cropping system. The performance of the cultivars Nantes, Shin Kuroda and Danvers Flaker was evaluated in the winter season and cultivars Shin Kuroda, Kuronan, Brasilia, Esplanada and Carandai for cultivation of summer in Dois Vizinhos, Parana state, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five replications and four treatments for the winter season and five treatments for the summer season. We analyzed the resistance to leaf blight (Alternaria dauci), incidence of green shoulder, total soluble solids, yield and acceptability through sensory analysis of fresh carrots and canned pickles type. On the winter crop, cultivar Nantes resulted in higher yield (29.02 t ha-1) and on the summer crop cultivar Esplanada productivity was higher (32.0 t ha-1) without statistical difference. The cv. Esplanada was more resistant to leaf blight and presented the lowest percentage (5.6%) of green shoulder. For sensory analysis, the cvs presented good acceptability from the participating consumers.

Productivity and chemical quality of grapevines cultivated in agroecological system under subtropical climate

The productive potential of grapevine cultivars recently released in the market, especially for preparation of 100% grape juices, must be proved on the different Brazilian soil and climatic conditions of production, focusing on the Southwest of Paraná. The objective of this study was to evaluate the main yield components and chemical attributes of the juice of the following grapevine cultivars: Bordô, BRS Carmem, BRS Lorena, BRS Magna, BRS Rubea, BRS Violeta, Concord, Concord Clone 30, Isabel, Isabel Precoce, Moscato Bailey, Moscato Embrapa, Niagara Branca, Niagara Rosada and Seibel 5455. Paulsen 1103 was the rootstock used. The study was conducted during two harvests, 2015/2016 and 2016/2017, in Dois Vizinhos, Paraná State, Brazil. Due to the crop, we determined the number of bunches per plant, fresh biomass of bunches (g) and the estimates of productivity (kg/plant and ton/ha). We extracted the juice of cultivars to evaluate soluble solids (SS) contents, pH and titratable acidity (TA), as well as the ratio. The cultivars BRS Violeta, Isabel Precoce and Seibel 5455 were the most productive. The cultivars BRS Rúbea, BRS Violeta, Isabel, Moscato Embrapa, Moscato Bailey, Niagara Branca and Niagara Rosada have desirable soluble solids contents, pH and titratable acidity for preparation of 100% grape juices of quality in Dois Vizinhos and microregion. The best year-harvest of cultivation was 2016/2017.

Biomassa e composição do óleo essencial de manjericão cultivado sob malhas fotoconversoras e colhido em diferentes épocas

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of harvest seasons and shading nets in the growth, production, content and chemical composition of essential oil of basil. The experiment was carried out in the experimental area of the Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana, Campus Dois Vizinhos. Four harvest dates (90, 120, 150 and 180 days after transplanting) and three shading nets (aluminet net, red net, black net and full sun), all with 50% irradiance were evaluated. The treatments were arranged in a split-plot 4x4 factorial design with three replications in randomized blocks. Cultivation under aluminized net favored the growth in height and diameter. Basil plants grown under full sun resulted in higher fresh and dry biomass and higher content of essential oil yield in relation to shading nets. The best harvesting period was at 120 days after transplanting and resulted in higher production of essential oil (0.77 g/planta) and citral content (78.26%). The major component of the essential oil was the citral obtained in plants grown under black net (73.25%), aluminized (72.14%) and full sun (71.86%).

Controle da ferrugem e da broca-dos-ramos da figueira com diferentes fungicidas e inseticidas

High temperature and rainfall stimulate the attack of rust (Cerotelium fici(Cast.)) and fig tree borer (Azochis gripusalis(Walker, 1859) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)), limiting the commercial production of figs. The objective of this work was to compare the efficiency of alternative fungicides and insecticides with conventional products widely used in agriculture for controlling these pests. Two experiments were carried out in a completely randomized block design with four replications in the UniversidadeTecnologica Federal do Parana (Federal Technological University of Parana), DoisVizinhos, Parana State, Brazil. For the rust control, azoxystrobin (10g), bordeaux mixture (1,500 g limestone + 1,500 g copper sulphate) was used in 100 L of water and control (water). For the fig tree borer control, azadirachtin (1,000g mL p.c.), garlic (Allium sativum L.; 100 mL p.c.), ashes (20,000g), nicotine (10,000mL of the preparation), deltamethrin (50mL p.c.), Bacillus thuringiensis Bertiner (100 mL p.c.), rotenone (1,000mL p.c.), coconut soap (1,000g) were used in 100 L of water and water (control). The Bordeaux mixture was the most effective treatment in controlling rust, increasing the productivity and fruit quality. Deltamethrin provided the best controlling for borer branches of the fig tree. Among the evaluated alternative products, garlic was the most effective in controlling such pest.

Rooting of hardwood cuttings of Roxo de Valinhos fig (Ficus carica L.) with different propagation strategies

The objective of this study was to evaluate the substrate, cuttings collection time, the position and the cutting depth, and the propagation environment on rooting of ‘Purple Valinhos’ fig tree cuttings in Southwestern Parana, Brazil. Two experiments were carried out at UTFPR, Câmpus Dois Vizinhos, with hardwoods cuttings from Roxo de Valinhos fig tree. The first experiment used a randomized block design, in 3 x 3 x 2 factorial (substrate x environment x collection time), with four replications of 10 cuttings per plot. The cuttings were collected in the first fifteen days of July and August. The substrates were sand, soil and the mixture of these [1:1 (v / v)]. The environments used were open sky, tunnel with plastic cover and tunnel with half-shade black net cover . The second experiment used a randomized block design, 2 x 2 x 3 factorial (shoot cutting position x soil cover x shoot cutting depth), with four replications of 12 cuttings per plot. In the factor position, the vertically (0 ° inclination) and inclined (45 ° inclination) shoot cuttings were evaluated. Soil cover was tested with mulching plastic cover or not. The tested depths were 1/3, 1/2 and 2/3 in relation to the total length of the shoot cutting. In both experiments, the following were analyzed: rooting and mortality indices, number of leaves and primary shoots, length of the three largest roots per cutting. It was conclude that, the protected environment with plastic cover on sand as substrate must recommended for the rooting of fig estaca, collecting them in the first half of July . The inclination position and cutting depth of the estaca and the substrate coverage with plastic mulching did not influence the results.

Poda e raleio manual de tangerineira (Citrus deliciosa Tenore) cv. Montenegrina no Sudoeste do Paraná

O bom calibre e a coloracao adequada dos frutos citricos para consumo in natura sao importantes fatores de qualidade que elevam o seu consumo e melhoram os precos do produto. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes intensidades de raleio manual dos frutos e da poda sobre a producao e qualidade dos frutos da tangerina Montenegrina. O experimento foi realizado em pomar comercial no municipio de Dois Vizinhos, no Sudoeste do Parana. O experimento bifatorial (raleio x poda) constituiu-se dos seguintes tratamentos. 1) sem raleio e sem poda (testemunha); 2) sem raleio, com poda; 3) 33% de raleio, sem poda; 4) 33% de raleio, com poda; 5) 66% de raleio, sem poda; e 6) 66% de raleio, com poda. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos completamente casualizados, com quatro repeticoes, sendo cada unidade experimental constituida por uma planta. Nas condicoes em que o experimento foi realizado, concluiu-se que o raleio nas intensidades de 33 e 66% promove aumento da massa fresca, melhora a cor da epiderme, aumenta o diâmetro e melhora a classificacao comercial dos frutos da tangerina Montenegrina. A poda leve, de abertura e levantamento da base da copa, nao contribui para a melhoria da qualidade dos frutos.