Engin Deveci

The accumulation and histological effects of organometallic fungicides Propineb and Maneb in the kidneys of fetus and female rats during pregnancy.

Dithiocarbamate propineb and maneb are organometal fungicides, which are widely used for the control of diseases in plants. Female Wistar rats were exposed orally to 200 and 400 ppm propineb and 250 ppm maneb, from the sixth day of gestation up to birth. We found that the body weights of both one-day old litters and their fungicide-treated mothers were lower than those of controls. Histological examination of the kidneys of fetus and fungicide-treated pregnant females showed a variety of histopathological effects. Moreover, the analysis of zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) concentrations (using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry) in the kidneys of pregnant females exposed to organometallic fungicides during pregnancy demonstrated that the metal concentrations in the kidney were higher than those of controls. However, the renal metal concentrations were significantly increased in the litters subjected to the fungicides during gestation, indicating that high levels of the trace metals in the organ of fetus may well be due to the fungicides easily passing the placental barrier.

The Biochemical and Histologic Effects of Adnexal Torsion and Early Surgical Intervention to Unwind Detorsion on Ovarian Reserve An Experimental Study

Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine to what extent ovarian reserves are affected by ischemia–reperfusion injury, evaluating the number of growing follicles and the serum levels of the ovarian hormones. Study Design: Thirty female fertile adult Wistar albino rats, weighing 200 to 220 g, were previously numbered to randomization, and then randomly divided into 3 equal groups (n = 10): sham, torsion, and detorsion groups. In torsion and detorsion groups, bilateral adnexal torsion (3-hour ischemia) was carried out. Bilateral adnexal detorsion (3-hour reperfusion) was performed in the detorsion group. Results: The mean number of preantral and small antral follicles in detorsion group were lower than those of the sham group (P < .01). After torsion, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), estradiol, and inhibin B levels decreased significantly compared to the preoperative and postoperative periods (P = .003, P = .032, and P = .014, respectively). In detorsion group, only AMH levels were found to decrease significantly following the 3-hour ischemia and 3-hour reperfusion (P < .05). Conclusion: After adnexal torsion, a significant decrease in ovarian reserve has been detected for the first time in this study. Additionally, the results of this study suggest that conservative surgery alone is insufficient to protect ovarian reserve.

Effects of whole blood, crystalloid, and colloid resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock on renal damage in rats: an ultrastructural study.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the effects of whole blood, crystalloid, and colloid treatment on histopathologic damage of kidney induced by hemorrhagic shock in rats. METHODS Fifty-six male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 8 groups. The carotid artery was cannulated, and systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), heart rate (HR), and rectal temperature (RT) were observed during the procedure. The jugular vein also was cannulated, and the SAP was decreased by aspiration of 75% of blood through the jugular vein in the control (nonresuscitated) and study (resuscitated) groups, whereas blood was not diminished in the sham group. The hemorrhagic shock was permitted to last 45 minutes; then, the study group rats were resuscitated with heparinized shed autologous whole blood (WB), normal saline (NS), Lactated Ringers solution (LR), hydroxyethyl starch 6% (HES6), hydroxyethyl starch 10% (HES10), or dextran 40 (D40). Histopathologic evaluation was performed under light and electron microscope. RESULTS The RT, SAP, and DAP decreased, and HR increased significantly in the control and study groups during the shock period compared with those of sham group. After volume resuscitation, these parameters changed to preshock levels. Electron and light microscopic examinations of kidneys showed severe proximal tubular degeneration with moderate glomerular damage in the control group; moderate proximal tubular degeneration with mild glomerular damage in the NS, LR, HES6, and HES10 groups; and mild proximal tubular degeneration with no evidence of glomerular damage in the WB and D-40 groups. CONCLUSIONS The characteristic ultrastructural features of hemorrhagic shock appear to be severe tubular degeneration and mild to moderate changes in glomeruli. Resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock with whole blood or dextran 40 solution appears to be most favorable therapy in preventing ultrastructural renal damage in rats.

Ultrastructural Changes in the Kidney Cortex of Rats Treated with Lead Acetate

El proposito de este estudio fue investigar los efectos ultraestructurales del plomo en la corteza renal. Ratas Wistar albinas (180-200g de peso corporal) fueron divididas en grupo control y grupo experimental. Las ratas recibieron 500 ppm de acetato de plomo en el agua potable durante 60 dias. Ambos grupos fueron alimentados con el mismo alimento estandar, pero acetato de plomo se le anadio al agua potable al grupo experimental. Durante el periodo experimental, se tomaron bajo anestesia muestras sanguineas desde la parte abdominal de la aorta. Al final de la exposicion, fueron medidos el peso corporal y los niveles de plomo en la sangre. Fueron preparadas las muestras de tejido renal y se analizaron mediante microscopia de luz y electronica de transmision. Los tubulos renales corticales mostraron varios cambios degenerativos con necrosis tubular focal invadida por celulas inflamatorias. Las alteraciones ultraestructurales encontradas en las ratas tratadas con acetato de plomo correspondieron a una disminucion en la cantidad de ranuras de filtracion, aumento de la fusion de los procesos podales en las celulas epiteliales de los glomerulos, aumento de la estructura lisosomal y las vesiculas pinociticas, asi como grandes mitocondrias en las celulas del tubulo proximal.

Effects of Formaldehyde on Respiratory Mucosa in Rats

Es conocido que la inhalacion de formaldehido tiene carateristicas irritantes para la mucosa nasal. En este estudio se examinaron los efectos histopatologicos de la inhalacion de formaldehido en ratas mediante microscopia de luz. Se utilizaron en este estudio 16 ratas Wistar albinas adultas, ocho ratas como grupo control y ocho como grupo experimental. El grupo experimental fue expuesto a 10 ppm formaldehido 8 horas/dia, 5 dias/semana por 8 semanas. La mucosa nasal fue retirada y colocada en formalina al 10%. Las secciones obtenidas fueron tenidas con Hematoxilina-Eosina y observadas al microscopio optico. El epitelio de revestimiento de la mucosa respiratoria mostro una perdida de celulas ciliadas con metaplasia de las celulas caliciformes e hiperplasia de celulas escamosas.

Histopathological Changes in Incisive Teeth of the Newborn Pups of Cadmium-Applied Female Rats during Pregnancy

Cloruro de cadmio es un teratogeno conocido en comparacion con otros metales. El cadmio afecta la funcion placentaria, pudiendo atravesar la barrera placentaria y modificar el desarrollo del feto. Fueron utilizadas 12 ratas hembras Wistar albinas, entre 180-200g de peso. Se dividieron en dos grupos de seis hembras cada uno, grupo experimental y control. Se inyecto, a traves de una vena de la cola de las ratas del grupo experimental por via endovenosa 2mg/kg/dia de cloruro de cadmio disuelto en 1 ml de solucion isotonica, durante 17-21 dias de gestacion. Al primer dia de nacimiento, se pesaron las crias de los grupos control y experimental. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar morfologicamente los efectos del cadmio sobre el desarrollo de los dientes incisivos de crias recien nacidas de ratas hembras a quienes se les inyecto cadmio durante la prenez.

The protective effect of melatonin and Ganoderma lucidum against the negative effects of extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields on pulp structure in rat teeth

ABSTRACT Background/aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether Extremely low frequency electric and magnetic field (ELF-EMF) had any harmful effects on dental pulp tissue and examine histologically whether melatonin (MLT) and Ganoderma lucidum (GL) play a protective role against these harmful effects. Material and method: A total of 56 adult, male Wistar Albino rats were used in the study. The rats were separated into 8 equal groups and were exposed to ELF-EMF, generated by high voltage source, for 8 hours/day for 26 days – Groups I, II and III and for 52 days-Groups V, VI and VII. For sham-control groups (Groups IV and VIII for 26 and 52 days), rats were placed into same experimental set-up as exposure groups and same procedure was applied except ELF-EMF exposure. GL (20 mg/kg/day) and MLT (10 mg/kg/day) were administered by oral gavage and the intraperitoneal route respectively. At the end of the study, the rats anterior teeth were examined immunohistochemicaly using vimentin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Results: Degeneration in the odontoblast cells, inflammatory cell infiltration, dilatation of the blood vessels and haemorrhagic changes were determined in the pulp of the rats in Groups I and V. A statistically significant difference was determined in the groups treated with MLT and GL (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It was determined that exposure to ELF-EMF induced histological changes in the dental pulp of rats, the using of MLT and GL could have a protective effect against these effects.

The Effects of Nicotine on the Incisive Teeth and Expression of Vimentin in Rats

La nicotina es un alcaloide con efectos toxicos sobre la cavidad oral. En este estudio, se utilizaron como animales de experimentacion, 14 ratas Sprague-Dawley adultas con un peso entre 230-260 mg (± 10 mg). Las ratas del grupo experimental (n = 6) fueron expuestas a nicotina sistemicamente con sulfato de nicotina, 2mg/kg via subcutanea al dia, durante 28 dias. Fueron estudiadas la pulpa, tejido oseo alveolar, membrana periodontal y la union del epitelio gingival en los dientes incisivos en secciones transversales y longitudinales. Se observo un adelgazamiento de las fibras de colageno, congestion vascular e infiltracion de celulas inflamatorias en el tejido de la pulpa. Los tejidos mesenquimales que tineron positivamente para vimentina se ubicaron debajo del epitelio. Una fuerte expresion de vimentina se pudo observar en el ligamento periodontal.

Ultrastructural Evidences for Endothelial Cell - Leukocytes Interactions: Margination and Migration

Las interacciones entre celulas endoteliales y leucocitos tienen un papel fundamental en la respuesta inmune. Se utilizaron 10 ratas albinas Wistar, adultas, con peso entre 180-200 g, para obtener muestras de tejido. Los animales fueron sacrificados por decapitacion bajo anestesia con eter. Inmediatamente, los nodos linfaticos de los animales fueron removidos. Las muestras se sumergieron en tetraoxido de osmio-yoduro de zinc (ZIO), solucion de Niebauer et al. (1969), manteniendose en oscuridad durante 2 horas, a temperatura de fijacion/tincion. Las muestras fueron tratadas de cuerdo a la rutina de la tecnica de insercion en plastico. Para el examen microscopico de luz, se tineron con Azur-II - Azul de metileno secciones de corte semifinos de 1µm de grosor. Se utilizo la tecnica tincion tetraoxido de osmio-yoduro de zinc para distinguir las celulas endoteliales de los leucocitos. Los datos presentados apoyan la comprension de esta relacion unica.

Evaluation of protein levels of autophagy markers (Beclin 1 and SQSTM1/p62) and phosphorylation of cyclin E in the placenta of women with preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a severe multisystem disorder, and its pathophysiology is still not completely understood. Autophagy, a recycling process that maintains cellular homoeostasis during differentiation and development, is controversial regarding increased or decreased autophagic activity in preeclampsia. The aim of this study was to determine whether autophagy is increased in the placentas of women with preeclampsia by examining the protein levels of autophagy markers (Beclin 1 and SQSTM1/p62) and phosphorylation of cyclin E. For this purpose, placentas from preeclampsia (n=10) and control (n=10) pregnancies were included in this study. The protein expression of autophagy-related markers Beclin1, SQSTM1/p62 and phosphorylation status of cyclin E were detected by Western blot. Our data showed that the protein levels of both Beclin 1 and SQSTM1/p62 were significantly increased, while the phosphorylation level of cyclin E was significantly decreased in placentas with preeclampsia compared to those derived from controls. The results of this study suggest that the autophagic activity is perpetually increased in preeclampsia and cyclin E protein stabilisation might be involved in the induction of autophagy.