Fátima Maria da Silva Abrão

Cuidados paliativos em pacientes com HIV/AIDS: princípios da bioética adotados por enfermeiros

This study sought to investigate the principles of bioethics considered by nurses involved in research while caring for patients with HIV/Aids under palliative care. An exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, was conducted with twelve nurses in a public hospital in the municipality of Joao Pessoa in the State of Paraiba. A form was used for data collection and the empirical material was analyzed qualitatively using the content analysis technique. The following categories emerged from the qualitative analysis: Respect for the autonomy of HIV/Aids patients under palliative care; and Enhancement of the principles of charity, non-malevolence and justice in providing palliative care to HIV/Aids patients. The results revealed that the participants acknowledge the importance of bioethical principles while caring for patients with HIV/Aids under palliative care. The work provides a reflection on and elicits the pursuance of further studies which can contribute to improve the quality of life of these patients with care based on ethical principles.

HIV/AIDS: significados atribuídos por homens trabalhadores da saúde

Objetivo: Investigar los significados que los hombres profesionales de salud atribuyen al VIH/SIDA. Metodos: Estudio exploratorio con abordaje cualitativo, basado en la Teoria de las Representaciones Sociales. Se realizo con 14 trabajadores del genero masculino en clinicas ambulatoriales de Recife, Brasil, entre 2012 y 2013. Se utilizo cuestionario y entrevista guiada, que fueron sometidos a analisis de contenido tematica-categorial de Bardin. Resultados: Las representaciones de VIH/SIDA se relacionan con la diversidad social de los que viven con la enfermedad y con el abordaje multidisciplinar como apoyo a la adhesion al tratamiento. El prejuicio social esta implicito en el contenido de las imagenes de los participantes que tambien enfatizaron la multidisciplinariedad como soporte necesario para vivir con el virus. Conclusion: La investigacion plantea reflexiones sobre las representaciones sociales del VIH/SIDA, cuyos significados surgen de la realidad vivida por los sujetos involucrados.

The no-care of patients with spinal cord injuries in primary care: bioethical challenges for health policies

It was aimed to investigate what actions taken in Basic Health Units of the Family-(BHUF) to meet the demands of adults with spinal cord injury (SCI) post-rehabilitation, list facilities/difficulties to meet the demands of users. Descriptive study conducted in twenty BHUF. Twenty doctors and twenty nurses, randomly selected, participated in the study. To collect and analyze data, it was used semi-structured interviews and analysis of content. The categories were based on the integrality, universality, charity and justice principles. It was found: professional disqualification to assist people with SCI, fragmented care, difficult to schedule consultations and examinations, difficulties in the reference and counter reference system, and lack of ongoing actions to take care of individuals with SCI. The BHUF not ensure the protection of all citizens, there are challenges to the construction practices of health solidarity, warm and consequently more effective and decisive for individuals with SCI.It was aimed to investigate what actions taken in Basic Health Units of the Family-(BHUF) to meet the demands of adults with spinal cord injury (SCI) post-rehabilitation, list facilities/difficulties to meet the demands of users. Descriptive study conducted in twenty BHUF. Twenty doctors and twenty nurses, randomly selected, participated in the study. To collect and analyze data, it was used semi-structured interviews and analysis of content. The categories were based on the integrality, universality, charity and justice principles. It was found: professional disqualification to assist people with SCI, fragmented care, difficult to schedule consultations and examinations, difficulties in the reference and counter reference system, and lack of ongoing actions to take care of individuals with SCI. The BHUF not ensure the protection of all citizens, there are challenges to the construction practices of health solidarity, warm and consequently more effective and decisive for individuals with SCI.

Contribuições da filosofia para a pesquisa em enfermagem

Resumen The aim was to find the Nursing studies that used the Philosophy to understand its practice, and trying to identify its contributions to the profession. The methodology of this study is the integrative review, with critical and retrospective character. The databases used to select the articles were Lilacs and Medline. The sample was composed of 31 scientific articles. After analyzing them, the results showed that there were many qualitative and reflexive researches, using phenomenology as a philosophical approach, predominating the theoretical referential of the philosopher Martin Heidegger. We concluded that phenomenology has been used a lot in the Nursing articles. It reflects the intention to comprehend the phenomenon experienced in a daily life. Therefore, it has offered meaningful subsidies to the profession practice, and, especially, contributing to the knowledge of the area.Resumen The aim was to find the Nursing studies that used the Philosophy to understand its practice, and trying to identify its contributions to the profession. The methodology of this study is the integrative review, with critical and retrospective character. The databases used to select the ar ticles were Lilacs and Medline. The sample was composed of 31 scientific ar ticles. After analyzing them, the results showed that there were many qualitative and reflexive researches, using phenomenology as a philosophical approach, predominating the theoretical referential of the philosopher Martin Heidegger. We concluded that phenomenology has been used a lot in the Nursing articles. It reflects the intention to comprehend the phenomenon experienced in a daily life. Therefore, it has offered meaningful subsidies to the profession practice, and, especially, contributing to the knowledge of the area.

Philosophy's contributions to research in Nursing

Resumen The aim was to find the Nursing studies that used the Philosophy to understand its practice, and trying to identify its contributions to the profession. The methodology of this study is the integrative review, with critical and retrospective character. The databases used to select the articles were Lilacs and Medline. The sample was composed of 31 scientific articles. After analyzing them, the results showed that there were many qualitative and reflexive researches, using phenomenology as a philosophical approach, predominating the theoretical referential of the philosopher Martin Heidegger. We concluded that phenomenology has been used a lot in the Nursing articles. It reflects the intention to comprehend the phenomenon experienced in a daily life. Therefore, it has offered meaningful subsidies to the profession practice, and, especially, contributing to the knowledge of the area.Resumen The aim was to find the Nursing studies that used the Philosophy to understand its practice, and trying to identify its contributions to the profession. The methodology of this study is the integrative review, with critical and retrospective character. The databases used to select the ar ticles were Lilacs and Medline. The sample was composed of 31 scientific ar ticles. After analyzing them, the results showed that there were many qualitative and reflexive researches, using phenomenology as a philosophical approach, predominating the theoretical referential of the philosopher Martin Heidegger. We concluded that phenomenology has been used a lot in the Nursing articles. It reflects the intention to comprehend the phenomenon experienced in a daily life. Therefore, it has offered meaningful subsidies to the profession practice, and, especially, contributing to the knowledge of the area.

Espiritualidade no cuidar de pacientes em cuidados paliativos: Um estudo com enfermeiros

Objective: To understand spirituality from the point of view of nurses who care for patients under palliative care. Methods: This is a qualitative field study, conducted with ten nurses working at a hospital in Joao Pessoa (PB). The empirical material was collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the content analysis technique. Results: The results showed that nurses consider spirituality as a source of strength, comfort and faith, and that when cultivated by patients under palliative care, it helps to improve their condition and accept the dying process. Family support, forgiveness, love, belief, faith and hope were identified as the spiritual needs of these patients, which can be met using various strategies. Conclusion: It is evident that nurses recognize the importance of the spiritual dimension in the palliative care of patients, however, there is still unpreparedness to deal with spiritual matters.Objetivo: Compreender a espiritualidade sob o ponto de vista de enfermeiros que cuidam de pacientes em regime de cuidados paliativos. Metodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, de natureza qualitativa, realizada com dez enfermeiros vinculados a um hospital de Joao Pessoa (PB). O material empirico foi coletado mediante entrevista semiestruturada e analisado por meio da tecnica de analise de conteudo. Resultados: Os enfermeiros consideram a espiritualidade como fonte de forca, conforto e fe e que, quando cultivada pelos pacientes em cuidados paliativos, contribui para melhorar a sua condicao e aceitar o processo de finitude. Identificaram o apoio familiar, perdao, amor, crenca, fe e esperanca como necessidades espirituais desses pacientes, as quais podem ser atendidas por eles utilizando variadas estrategias. Conclusao: Evidencia-se que os enfermeiros reconhecem a importância da dimensao espiritual no atendimento de pacientes sob cuidados paliativos, no entanto, ainda existe despreparo para lidar com as questoes espirituais.

Scientific production on workplace bullying/harassment in dissertations and theses in the Brazilian scenario

Objective: To analyze scientific production about workplace bullying and harassment in dissertations and theses in Brazil, with emphasis on the year of publication; educational institution; area of knowledge; professional and academic background of the authors; keywords used; and concept map organization. Method: Bibliometric study with a quantitative approach with a sample consisting of 57 papers, 5 theses and 52 dissertations, published between 2002 and 2012. Results: It was found that 2012 was the year with the highest number of publications in this topic area. The region that stood out was the Southeast. The institution with the highest number of publications was the Federal University of Santa Catarina. There was a predominance of dissertations and most publications were produced by researchers focused on a multidisciplinary perspective. Conclusion: Expanding the views regarding bullying in order to disseminate scientific production was proposed, promoting further advancement of debates and raising pertinent questionsOBJECTIVE To analyze scientific production about workplace bullying and harassment in dissertations and theses in Brazil, with emphasis on the year of publication; educational institution; area of knowledge; professional and academic background of the authors; keywords used; and concept map organization. METHOD Bibliometric study with a quantitative approach with a sample consisting of 57 papers, 5 theses and 52 dissertations, published between 2002 and 2012. RESULTS It was found that 2012 was the year with the highest number of publications in this topic area. The region that stood out was the Southeast. The institution with the highest number of publications was the Federal University of Santa Catarina. There was a predominance of dissertations and most publications were produced by researchers focused on a multidisciplinary perspective. CONCLUSION Expanding the views regarding bullying in order to disseminate scientific production was proposed, promoting further advancement of debates and raising pertinent questions.

Cuidados de enfermagem aos indivíduos soropositivos: reflexão à luz da fenomenologia

This reflective study aimed to discuss nursing care to patients with HIV/AIDS in the light of phenomenology. It deals with the humanization of care of HIV-positive individuals and how nursing professionals should act in order to achieve it. Comprehensive health services provided by qualified professionals that take into consideration users’ emotional, social and cultural aspects can improve patients’ quality of life, treatment adherence and increase life expectancy. The use of phenomenological concepts was essential to understand the relationship between patient and professional practice. The method allowed researchers to identify aspects of patients’ everyday life by sharing their experiences.

Representações sociais do HIV/Aids por profissionais de saúde em serviços de referência

This study was based on exploratory research and a qualitative approach within the framework of the Social Representations Theory. It aims to capture the social representations of healthcare providers in relation to HIV/AIDS by describing their structure.The Free Evocations technique was applied on 86 professionals of HIV/AIDS benchmark services in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, from 2011 to 2013. Analysis using EVOC 2005 software showed that the possible central core is prejudice in a negative attitude dimension; in the contrast zone, chronic disease translates living with the disease. In the first periphery, treatment and disease in a clinical/biometric conception; in the second periphery, death has a imagistic and negative nature. Positive and negative elements were observed, allowing healthcare personnel to construct meaning attributed to the phenomenon and reflect on their practices.

Representações sociais de enfermeiros sobre a religiosidade ao cuidar de pacientes em processo de morte

Estudio cualitativo, anclado en la teoria de las representaciones sociales y en el pensamiento de Jodelet, realizado en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos y Oncologia de un hospital universitario. El objetivo fue comprender las representaciones sociales de los enfermeros acerca de la religiosidad durante la atencion a pacientes en proceso de muerte. Los datos, recogidos de mayo hasta agosto de 2010, fueran analizados segun la Tecnica de Analisis de Contenido de Bardin. Las representaciones de la religiosidad insertadas en la practica de atencion de pacientes en proceso de morir, valorizan las creencias de los profesionales acerca de la muerte, y su significado permite desarrollar mecanismos de afrontamiento. Se concluye que la toma de conciencia ocurre traves de la comprension de la realidad e de la introduccion del tema en la discusion de la cualidad de la salud y en la formacion de los profesionales.This is a qualitative study, anchored in the Theory of Social Representation and Jodelet thoughts, realized in an Intensive Care and Oncology Unit of a university hospital. The objective was to understand the social representations of nurses on religiosity while caring for dying patients. The data was collected between 2010 May and August, using the technique of Content Analysis of Bardin. The religiosity representations inserted in the caring practice for dying patients, value professionals beliefs about death, its meaning allowing for the development of coping mechanisms. It is considered that the awareness will occur through the understanding of reality and introducing the theme in the discussion of the quality of health and training of professionals.