Maria Emília Limeira Lopes

Cuidados paliativos em pacientes com HIV/AIDS: princípios da bioética adotados por enfermeiros

This study sought to investigate the principles of bioethics considered by nurses involved in research while caring for patients with HIV/Aids under palliative care. An exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, was conducted with twelve nurses in a public hospital in the municipality of Joao Pessoa in the State of Paraiba. A form was used for data collection and the empirical material was analyzed qualitatively using the content analysis technique. The following categories emerged from the qualitative analysis: Respect for the autonomy of HIV/Aids patients under palliative care; and Enhancement of the principles of charity, non-malevolence and justice in providing palliative care to HIV/Aids patients. The results revealed that the participants acknowledge the importance of bioethical principles while caring for patients with HIV/Aids under palliative care. The work provides a reflection on and elicits the pursuance of further studies which can contribute to improve the quality of life of these patients with care based on ethical principles.

REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS E ENVELHECIMENTO: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DE LITERATURA

Objective: To investigate themed social representations and aging in scientific publications in the health field. Material and Methods: this is an integrative review of the literature performed in the database Electronic Library Online (SciELO) of the Virtual Library in Health (VLH). The sample consisted of 25 articles available between 2000 and 2011. The descriptor ‘social representations and aging’ was selected for retrieving papers. Results: The analysis of the results was carried out by content analysis technique. In this respect, three thematic categories emerged: (1) Quality of life and health-disease process; (2) social representations about aging, elaborated by elderly members of living together groups; and (3) Care for the elderly people: family-caregivers relationship and institutionalization. Conclusion: The diverse studies have indicated the desire of the elderly in achieving their own autonomy, improving health and quality of life. It is also emphasized the benefits of family ties and care, as well as the overload to which caregivers are subjected. DESCRIPTORES: Social Perception. Aging. Health.

Espiritualidade no cuidar de pacientes em cuidados paliativos: Um estudo com enfermeiros

Objective: To understand spirituality from the point of view of nurses who care for patients under palliative care. Methods: This is a qualitative field study, conducted with ten nurses working at a hospital in Joao Pessoa (PB). The empirical material was collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the content analysis technique. Results: The results showed that nurses consider spirituality as a source of strength, comfort and faith, and that when cultivated by patients under palliative care, it helps to improve their condition and accept the dying process. Family support, forgiveness, love, belief, faith and hope were identified as the spiritual needs of these patients, which can be met using various strategies. Conclusion: It is evident that nurses recognize the importance of the spiritual dimension in the palliative care of patients, however, there is still unpreparedness to deal with spiritual matters.Objetivo: Compreender a espiritualidade sob o ponto de vista de enfermeiros que cuidam de pacientes em regime de cuidados paliativos. Metodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, de natureza qualitativa, realizada com dez enfermeiros vinculados a um hospital de Joao Pessoa (PB). O material empirico foi coletado mediante entrevista semiestruturada e analisado por meio da tecnica de analise de conteudo. Resultados: Os enfermeiros consideram a espiritualidade como fonte de forca, conforto e fe e que, quando cultivada pelos pacientes em cuidados paliativos, contribui para melhorar a sua condicao e aceitar o processo de finitude. Identificaram o apoio familiar, perdao, amor, crenca, fe e esperanca como necessidades espirituais desses pacientes, as quais podem ser atendidas por eles utilizando variadas estrategias. Conclusao: Evidencia-se que os enfermeiros reconhecem a importância da dimensao espiritual no atendimento de pacientes sob cuidados paliativos, no entanto, ainda existe despreparo para lidar com as questoes espirituais.

Contribuições da sociologia de Bourdieu para o estudo do subcampo da enfermagem

The aim in this paper is to discuss the contributions of Bourdieus Sociology to the study of the subfield nursing. A reflexive research was undertaken. Bourdieus Sociology constitutes a group of fundamental concepts, among which habitus, field, capital and symbolic power. Generally articulated, these are used in many different knowledge areas, and the first two are considered the central concepts of his theory. This research permitted a better understanding on matters inherent to the nursing subfield, such as the acquisition of cultural capital, which contributes to define the position nurses occupy in the nursing subfield; the power relations among agents in the health field, particularly among physicians and nurses; and evolutionary aspects of the profession, concerning the distinctive conflicts to occupy a prominent position within the health field. DESCRIPTORS: Sociology. Nursing. Professional practice.The aim in this paper is to discuss the contributions of Bourdieus Sociology to the study of the subfield nursing. A reflexive research was undertaken. Bourdieus Sociology constitutes a group of fundamental concepts, among which habitus, field, capital and symbolic power. Generally articulated, these are used in many different knowledge areas, and the first two are considered the central concepts of his theory. This research permitted a better understanding on matters inherent to the nursing subfield, such as the acquisition of cultural capital, which contributes to define the position nurses occupy in the nursing subfield; the power relations among agents in the health field, particularly among physicians and nurses; and evolutionary aspects of the profession, concerning the distinctive conflicts to occupy a prominent position within the health field. DESCRIPTORS: Sociology. Nursing. Professional practice.

Palliative care and spirituality: an integrative literature review.

OBJECTIVE to analyze scientifi c articles published in international online journals about palliative care and spirituality. METHODS an integrative literature review with data collected in September 2014 from the LILACS, SCIELO, MEDLINE/PubMed, and IBECS databases. RESULTS thirty-nine publications were identifi ed and their textual analysis facilitated through four thematic approaches: the meaning of spirituality in the context of palliative care; palliative care and spiritual support; spirituality and relief of pain and other symptoms in patients under palliative care; and instruments to evaluate the spiritual dimension of the scope of palliative care. CONCLUSION this study examined the relevance of the spiritual dimension in the care of patients with palliative care and the need for developing new studies to disseminate knowledge about this topic. DESCRIPTORS Palliative Care; Palliative Care at End of Live; Spirituality; Religion; Health.

Nursing care in terminality: compliance with principles of bioethics

The aim of the study was to investigate the principles of bioethics reported by nurses when caring forterminally ill patients. Exploratory research with qualitative approach, developed with fifteen nurses from an intensive care unit of a university hospital, in northeastern Brazil. Data collection was conducted between March and July 2013, through a form. Data were analyzed using the technique of content analysis, emerging the following thematic category: respect to the principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice to take care of the terminally ill patients. The participating nurses valued these principles when caring for terminally ill patients, which reflect the ethical commitment of these professionals in the practice of nursing care. It is noteworthy that bioethical principles should guide the nursing care of human beings throughout their life cycle.

Experiência existencial de crianças em tratamento quimioterápico sobre a importância do brincar

Objective: to understand the existential experience of children undergoing chemotherapy on the importance of playing. Methods: qualitative research performed in the outpatient clinic of a teaching hospital with five children undergoing chemotherapy. Data were collected through the interviews and analyzed in the light of the Humanistic Nursing Theory. Results: the discourses revealed the childrens understanding of their illness and their treatment, evidencing the deprivations experienced by them and the situation of emotional imbalance. Playing, according to the childrens reports, elicited positive feelings and represented a way for time to pass faster. Conclusion: the chemotherapy treatment was considered ambiguous, being an unpleasant experience, but necessary for cure. The games in the outpatient chemotherapy service were a viable tool to deal with the discontent before the situation lived, provoking positive feelings such as happiness and satisfaction.

Existential experience of children with cancer under palliative care

OBJECTIVE To understand the existential experience of children with cancer under Palliative Care from the Humanistic Nursing Theorys point of view. METHOD This is a field and qualitative research, in which eleven children participated, supported by the Support Centre for Children with Cancer in Paraíba State. To collect data it was used the Story Drawing Procedure. The data were qualitatively analyzed based on Humanistic Nursing Theory. RESULTS From the analysis of the empirical studys subject, the following thematic categories have emerged: children experiencing fear, sadness, anguish and insecurity in the face of their diagnosis and children experiencing fear of their family falling apart because of the possibility of dying. CONCLUSION It is fundamental the participation of nurses in the Palliative Care to the children with cancer in order to strengthen the trust between the children and the professional to have the relationship of dialogue as central axis.

Cuidados paliativos y espiritualidad: revision integrativa de literatura

OBJECTIVE to analyze scientifi c articles published in international online journals about palliative care and spirituality. METHODS an integrative literature review with data collected in September 2014 from the LILACS, SCIELO, MEDLINE/PubMed, and IBECS databases. RESULTS thirty-nine publications were identifi ed and their textual analysis facilitated through four thematic approaches: the meaning of spirituality in the context of palliative care; palliative care and spiritual support; spirituality and relief of pain and other symptoms in patients under palliative care; and instruments to evaluate the spiritual dimension of the scope of palliative care. CONCLUSION this study examined the relevance of the spiritual dimension in the care of patients with palliative care and the need for developing new studies to disseminate knowledge about this topic. DESCRIPTORS Palliative Care; Palliative Care at End of Live; Spirituality; Religion; Health.

Cuidados paliativos e espiritualidade: revisao integrativa da literatura

OBJECTIVE to analyze scientifi c articles published in international online journals about palliative care and spirituality. METHODS an integrative literature review with data collected in September 2014 from the LILACS, SCIELO, MEDLINE/PubMed, and IBECS databases. RESULTS thirty-nine publications were identifi ed and their textual analysis facilitated through four thematic approaches: the meaning of spirituality in the context of palliative care; palliative care and spiritual support; spirituality and relief of pain and other symptoms in patients under palliative care; and instruments to evaluate the spiritual dimension of the scope of palliative care. CONCLUSION this study examined the relevance of the spiritual dimension in the care of patients with palliative care and the need for developing new studies to disseminate knowledge about this topic. DESCRIPTORS Palliative Care; Palliative Care at End of Live; Spirituality; Religion; Health.