Felix Ribeiro de Lima

Efeitos da adição de inoculantes microbianos sobre a composição bromatológica e perfil fermentativo da silagem de sorgo produzida em silos experimentais

Sorghum Agroceres 2005 (35.9% DM) was ensiled in 16 plastic experimental silos, forming four treatments: control, Sil-All (Streptococcus faecium, Pediococcus acidilactici, Lactobacillus plantarum, amylase, hemicellulase, and cellulase), Silobac (L. plantarum, S. faecium, and Lactobacillus sp), and Pioneer 1174 (S. faecium and L. plantarum). Silos were opened 120 days after ensiling and silage was sampled to proceed chemical analyses. Sil-All, Silobac and Pioneer decreased dry matter content and increased ethylic alcohol concentration and DM losses compared to control. Sil-All increased NDF content compared to control and decreased starch content compared to Silobac, but not as compared to control. Pioneer decreased aerobic stability of silage compared to control. The CP, ADIN, soluble carbohydrates, ADF, lignin, hemicellulose, and celullose contents, in vitro digestibility, buffering capacity, acetic, propionic, butyric and lactic acids, pH and ammonia concentration did not suffer influence of treatments.

Performance of broilers fed diets with different dietary electrolyte balance under summer conditions

The aim of this study was to compare performance and carcass characteristics of broilers fed diets with different Dietary Electrolyte balances (DEB) during the summer season. A total of 1,280 one-day-old Ross sexed chicks were distributed in 32 experimental units according to a randomized block design in a 4x2 factorial arrangement (4 levels and 2 sexes) and 4 replicates per treatment (40 birds per replicate). Feed program consisted of 3 phases (1-21, 22-42, 43-49 days of age). Experimental diets were formulated based on corn and soybean meal and adjusted to 210, 250, 290 and 330 mEq/kg of Na + K - Cl through the addition of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and ammonium chloride. Weekly measurements of body weight gain and feed intake were done, and at 49 days, birds were slaughtered to evaluate the dressing percentage and parts yield. Weight gain during the starter phase increased linearly (p<0.01) as DEB increased. Different DEB levels did not affect feed intake or mortality. Carcass characteristics were not affected by treatments. Dietary electrolytic balance influenced weight gain and feed gain ratio from 1 to 21 days, and best results were observed when diets contained 290 and 330 mEq/kg.

Valor nutritivo da silagem de milho sob o efeito da inoculação de bactérias ácido-láticas

The results of using lactic acid bacteria in ensiling has been conflicting. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of microbially inoculated corn plant for silage production on total digestibility in wethers. Eight wethers were assigned to a cross-over design, with two periods (8 animals/treatment) and treatments were: control corn silage (28.6% DM and 9.6% CP, on average) or under inoculation with Pioneer 1174 product (Streptococcus faecium and Lactobacillus plantarum). Each period extended for twenty-one days, the last five used for feces and urine collection. The inoculation did not influence total digestibility of DM (inoculated = 64.5% vs. control = 64.6%), CP (56.0% vs. 54.4%), FNE (69.2% vs. 70.2%), CF (56.3% vs. 54.6%), NDF (49.0% vs. 52.2%), ADF (48.2% vs. 48.6%), starch (98.8% vs. 98.7%), TDN (65.1% vs. 65.1%), N retention (0.59 vs. 0.65 g of N/animal/day) or DM intake (2.13 vs. 2.28% of BW), but there was a tendency (P=0.0878) of increasing digestibility of EE (86.7% vs. 85.0%). Present data does not support to recomend lactic acid bacteria for inoculation of corn crop for silage production.The results of using lactic acid bacteria in ensiling has been conflicting. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of microbially inoculated corn plant for silage production on total digestibility in wethers. Eight wethers were assigned to a cross-over design, with two periods (8 animals/treatment) and treatments were: control corn silage (28.6% DM and 9.6% CP, on average) or under inoculation with Pioneer 1174 product (Streptococcus faecium and Lactobacillus plantarum). Each period extended for twenty-one days, the last five used for feces and urine collection. The inoculation did not influence total digestibility of DM (inoculated = 64.5% vs. control = 64.6%), CP (56.0% vs. 54.4%), FNE (69.2% vs. 70.2%), CF (56.3% vs. 54.6%), NDF (49.0% vs. 52.2%), ADF (48.2% vs. 48.6%), starch (98.8% vs. 98.7%), TDN (65.1% vs. 65.1%), N retention (0.59 vs. 0.65 g of N/animal/day) or DM intake (2.13 vs. 2.28% of BW), but there was a tendency (P=0.0878) of increasing digestibility of EE (86.7% vs. 85.0%). Present data does not support to recomend lactic acid bacteria for inoculation of corn crop for silage production.

Efeito dos níveis de proteína e de metionina da dieta sobre o desempenho de galinhas poedeiras após a muda forçada

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of diets with two protein levels (16.5% and 14.5%) and 5 supplemental methionine levels (0%, 0.025%, 0.050%, 0.075% and 0.100%) on postmolt layer performance. Two hundred forty commercial laying hens at 67 wk of age were induced to molt by zinc oxide and fed ten molt experimental diets for 6 wk. At the end of the experiment body weight, feed consumption and feed conversion were significantly higher for the birds fed the 16.5% crude protein diet. Hens fed higher protein level diet returned to egg production faster than those birds fed lower protein diet. Rations with 16.5% of protein determined a significant better egg production until the fifth experimental week, without affecting the egg weight. The methionine supplementation significantly increased egg weight, however did not statistically influence the egg production. Birds fed approximately 300 mg methionine daily (0.050% and 0.075% supplemental methionine levels) produced eggs significantly heavier, however resulting in a low egg shell quality measured by egg specific gravity, shell thickness and shell weight.

Efeitos da adição de inoculantes microbianos sobre o perfil fermentativo da silagem de alfafa adicionada de polpa cítrica

Alfalfa crop (19.0% DM) was harvested at 35 days and ensiled in 32 plastic experimental silos, consisting of four treatments with or without 12% of citrus pulp: control, Sil-Allâ (S. faecium, P. acidilactici, L. plantarum, amylase, hemicellulase, and cellulase), Silobacâ (L. plantarum, S. faecium, and Lactobacillus sp.) and Pioneer 1174â (S. faecium and L. plantarum). Silos were opened 133 days after ensiling and sampled to proceed chemical analyses. Only in citrus pulp-free silage, all inoculants increased ethanol concentration; Pioneer increased pH, and Silobac decreased acetic acid concentration, compared to control. Independently of citrus pulp, all inoculants decreased DM losses; Silobacâ and Pioneer decreased IVDDM, and Pioneer increased NH3-N. Inoculants did not influence lactic, propionic and butyric acids concentrations and neither aerobic stability. Citrus pulp improved chemical composition and fermentation characteristics, but worsened DM losses and aerobic stability.

Inoculação Microbiana da Alfafa para Ensilagem sobre a Digestibilidade Aparente em Carneiros

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of microbially inoculated alfafa silage on total digestibility in wethers. Twelve wethers were randomly assigned to two treatments: alfalfa haylage (35.7% DM and 19.6% CP, on average) control or microbially inoculated with Silobac product (Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus). The experimental period extended for twenty-one days, the last five used for feces and urine collection. The inoculation increased total digestibility of DM (inoculated = 62.5% vs. control = 59.5%), NFE (70.9% vs. 65.7%), NDF (53.8% vs. 48.8%), ADF (52.5% vs. 44.7%), starch (84.0% vs. 80.2%), TDN (59.5% vs. 56.7%) and DM intake (2.82 vs. 2.48% of BW), but it did not influence total digestibility of CP (73.9% vs. 73.2%), EE (50.7% vs. 54.3%), CF (47.1% vs. 43.9%) or N retention (3.27 vs. 2.86 g of N/animal/day).

Desempenho e qualidade dos ovos de diferentes linhagens de poedeiras comerciais pós-muda forçada recebendo rações com níveis variáveis de cálcio

O experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de comparar o desempenho produtivo de poedeiras, de 4 linhagens (Lohmann White, Babcock, Embrapa-011 e Lohmann Brown), pos-muda forcada recebendo diferentes niveis de calcio nas racoes (2, 3, 4, 5 e 6%). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, sendo utilizadas 100 aves por linhagem, com 74 semanas de idade. As aves que receberam 2% de calcio apresentaram menor consumo de racao e producao de ovos; os maiores niveis de calcio aumentaram a qualidade da casca dos ovos. A cor da gema foi menor para os niveis 2 e 6%. As variaveis peso dos ovos, Unidades Haugh e cor da gema foram relacionadas com a linhagem, e a Embrapa-011 apresentou o pior desempenho entre as linhagens.

Composição bromatológica e perfil fermentativo da silagem de capim-elefante obtida em diferentes tipos de silos experimentais e no silo tipo trincheira

One type of commercial silo and three types of experimental silos were used for determination of chemical composition and fermentation characteristics of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) (33.0% DM and 4.2% CP) ensiled in two different densities (400 or 600 kg of silage/m3): 1) commercial bunker silo sampled at 30 (top) and 60 (deep) cm from the top; 2) plastic silo with bulsen valve; 3) plastic bag; and 4) concrete pipe. A completely randomized design was used. The concrete pipe silo produced silage with higher pH, ADIN and lignin values, as well as lower in vitro digestibility, buffering capacity, and lactic acid and NH3-N concentrations. Experimental silos had superior quality than commercial silos to starch, soluble carbohydrates, buffering capacity, NH3-N, acetic, propionic, butyric, and lactic acids concentrations. Variation in fermentation in different levels of commercial silos was greater than in different types of experimental ones.