Filiz Acun Kaya

Interleukine-1β and Tumor Necrosis Factor–α Levels in the Human Gingival Sulcus during Orthodontic Treatment

Abstract Objective: To test whether interleukine 1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor–α (TNF-α) levels differ from each other in different treatment levels. Materials and Methods: Eighteen patients, nine female and nine male (aged 16–19 years; mean 17.4 ± 1.8 years), participated in this study. Each subject underwent a session on professional oral hygiene and received oral hygiene instructions. Two months later, a fixed orthodontic appliance was placed. The patients were seen at baseline, at days 7 and 21 and at the 3rd and 6th month as the leveling of the teeth occurred. Records of the baseline scores for the distalization forces were taken at the 6th month. Days 7 and 21 after 6 months of treatment were also recorded. Results: There were increases in the volume of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and in the concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α. Conclusions: Leveling and distalization of the teeth evoke increases in both the IL-1 and TNF-α levels that can be detected in GCF.

Identification of interleukin 2, 6, and 8 levels around miniscrews during orthodontic tooth movement.

The aim of this study was to identify the levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, and IL-8 around miniscrews used for anchorage during canine distalization. Sixteen patients (eight males and eight females; mean age, 16.6 ± 2.4 years) who were treated with bilateral upper first premolar extractions were included in the study. Thirty-two maxillary miniscrew implants were placed bilaterally in the alveolar bone between the maxillary second premolars and first molars as anchorage units for maxillary canine distalization. Three groups were constructed. The treatment, miniscrew, and control groups consisted of upper canines, miniscrew implants, and upper second premolars, respectively. Peri-miniscrew implant crevicular fluid and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were obtained at baseline (T1) and at 1 (T2), 24 (T3), and 48 (T4) hours, 7 (T5) and 21 (T6) days, and 3 months (T7) after force application. Paired sample t-tests were used to determine within-group changes and Dunnetts t and Tukeys honestly significant difference tests for between-group multiple comparisons. During the 3 month period, IL-2 levels significantly increased (P < 0.01) but only in the treatment group after 24 hours. IL-6 levels were unchanged at all times points in the three groups. IL-8 levels increased significantly at 1 (P < 0.05), 24 (P < 0.01), and 48 (P < 0.01) hours in the treatment group and at 24 (P < 0.05) and 48 (P < 0.01) hours in the miniscrew group. It appears that miniscrews can be used for anchorage in orthodontics when correct physiological forces are applied.

Is there a relation between dental anxiety, fear and general psychological status?

Background Dental anxiety is a widespread problem in many populations. This problem can be a barrier to dental care and may lead to poor oral health. Dental anxiety may be related to psychological status. Aims The aim of the present study was to assess the levels of dental anxiety, dental fear, Beck Depression, and state-trait anxiety according to age, gender and education level in patients at the periodontology clinic in the Diyarbakır Mouth and Dental Health Center. Study Design A total of 231 patients (115 males, 116 females) filled out dental fear scale (DFS), dental anxiety scale (DAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), state-trait anxiety inventory-state (STAI-S), and state-trait anxiety inventory–trait (STAI-T) questionnaires, and evaluations of DFS, DAS, BDI, STAI-S, and STAI-T were conducted according to age, gender, and education level. Results The mean DFS, DAS, BDI, STAI-T, and STAI –S were 45.64, 9.15, 13.16, 38.90, and 40.18, respectively. There was a significant association among DFS, DAS, BDI, STAI-S, and STAI-T (p < 0.05). These surveys scores were significantly higher in females than males (p < 0.05). The results of this study indicated that gender age and education level have important effects on DFS, DAS, BDI, STAI-S, and STAI-T (p < 0.05). Conclusion Dental anxiety and dental fear were found to be related to psychological status (BDI, STAI-S, and STAI-T) over time. There are some patients with unaddressed psychological distress.

Clinical Evaluation of Complications in Implant-Supported Dentures: A 4-Year Retrospective Study

Background Implants that can be used in the prosthetic rehabilitation of full and partial edentulous patients are now frequently used due to advances in dentistry. Despite advanced methods of applications, failures and complications can still be seen. The aim of our study was to evaluate clinical prosthetic values and complications that occurred during 4-year follow-up in implant-supported restorations. Material/Methods This retrospective study included 40 patients who received oral rehabilitation with an implant-supported prosthesis. A total of 162 implants were placed: 99 in the maxilla and 63 in the mandible. The prosthetic and surgical data were recorded. Data including prosthetic complications and implant loss were recorded and statistically analyzed using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. Results In total, 159 implants (98.14%) survived, 3 implants (1.86%) failed, and 100% of the protheses were successful. There were 62 dental implants used as abutments for removable dentures and 97 for fixed dentures. The most frequent prosthetic complications after placement of an implant-supported prosthesis were loss of retention, mucositis, abutment screw loosening, and fracture. Patient satisfaction after prosthesis use was also evaluated, showing that satisfaction was systematically increased. Conclusions To minimize the frequency of complications, protocols must be established from diagnosis to the completion of treatment and follow-up of implant-supported prostheses, especially in terms of adequate technical steps and careful radiographic evaluation of the components.

Associations of alveolar bone loss and interleukin-1β levels in one- and two-stage surgical procedures: a randomized prospective trial

Abstract Objective: Dental implants have been widely and successfully used in recent years as an alternative treatment for removable and fixed dental prostheses. The aim of this randomized prospective study was to determine the alveolar bone loss rate (ABLR) and IL-1β levels in one- and two-stage surgical procedures. Materials and methods: This study included 40 patients with a single missing tooth in the posterior mandible; dental implants were inserted using a one-stage surgical procedure (Group I) or a two-stage surgical procedure (Group II). All clinical periodontal parameters were recorded; peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) samples were collected before loading (T0) and during the third (T1) and sixth (T2) months after loading. ABLR values were evaluated at T0 and T2 by using dental tomography. PICF was analysed after T2 samples were collected. The study was registered through clinicaltrials.gov; identifier NCT03045458. Results: This study found that, the probing pocket depth was found to be significantly higher in Group I than Group II at both T1 and T2 (p < .05). There was no significant difference in other clinical parameters between the groups (p > .05). There was a significant difference between Group I ABLR values at T0 and T2 (p < .05). The PICF IL-1β levels were not significantly different between groups (p > .05). Conclusions: Within the limitations of the short observational period and small sample size of this study, two-stage implant placement shows comparable clinical outcomes to implants placed using a one-stage placement protocol.

Ortodontik Müdahale Yapılan Osteoporozlu Ratlarda İL-1B Seviyesi

OZET Osteoporozlu ratlarda ortodontik mudahale esnasinda diseti olugu sivisi (DOS) orneklerinde IL-1β seviyesini degerlendirmektir. 33 adet eriskin disi Spraque-Dawley rat 15 kontrol, 18 calisma grubu olarak rasgele iki gruba ayrildi. Calisma grubundaki ratlara osteoporoz olusturmak amaciyla bilateral overektomi yapildi. Kontrol grubundakilere de sham operasyonu yapildi. Operasyondan iki ay sonra ratlarin ust keserlerinin arasina bir acici zemberek 10 gr kuvvet uygulayacak sekilde ak-tive edilerek takildi. Aktivasyonun hemen akabinde, 3., 7. ve 10. gunlerinde apareyin uygulandigi dislerin vestibul yuzlerinden diseti olugu sivi ornekleri alindi. Sivilar biyokimyasal analizlerden gecirildi.Si-vilardan elde edilen degerlerin istatistiksel analizi Anova testiyle yapildi. Gruplar arasi degisimlerin degerlendirilmesi ise Mann Whitney U testi ile yapildi. IL-1β seviyesinin butun gruplarda 3. ve 7. gunlerde yuksek oldugu tespit edildi. Kontrol ve calisma grubu karsilastirmalarinda ise calisma gunleri arasinda her...

The Investigation of the Gingival Crevicular Fluid Prostaglandin E2 Level of the Pregnant Individuals with Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Peridontitis

ABSTRACT Systhemic diseases and hormonal changes are risk factors for periodontal diseases. In diabetes mellitus patients periodontal destruction is more severe than systhemic healthy patients. The increase of hormones during pregnancy causes more gingival inflammation and gestational gingivitis. In recent studies it was hypothesed that the increase of the level of progesteron in circulation stimulates the release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) which causes to gestational gingivitis. The aim of our study is to determine the level of PGE2 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of the pregnant individuals with type II diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. In addition it is aimed to investigate the probable correlations between GCF PGE2 level and the clical parameters and periodontal disease severity. A total of 40 pregnant individual in 24–32 weeks with periodontitis (20 pregnant individual with type II diabetes mellitus, 20 pregnat individual systhemically healthy) were examined. To determine all the individuals periodontal status pocket depth (PD), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and gingival bleeding index (GBI) scores were recorded. The volume of the GCF was also measured from the sampling site in addition to the other measurements. GCF PGE2 level was determined by radioimmunoassy (RIA) method. The GCF PGE2 level was determined as 38.27±26.08 pg/ml in type II diabetic pregnant group and 39.13±23.19 pg/ml in systhemic healthy pregnant group. There was no important difference of GCF PGE2 level among the groups (p>0.05). When the probable correlations between clinical parameters and GCF PGE2 levels were investigated there was found no correlation in healthy pregnant group, but there was correlation determined in type II diabetic pregnant group. When the full mouth clinical parameters were compared there was important differnces determined in the case of GI and GBI among the groups (p<0.01), but there was no important differences determined in the case of PD and PI (p>0.05). This study results establishes that there is no difference between type II diabetes mellitus pregnant patients with peiodontitis and sythemic healthy pregnants with periodontitis in the cases of GCF PGE2 level and periodontal disease severity. Pays attention that GCF PGE2 level can be used as a marker for determining the periodontal disease severity among type II diabetes mellitus pregnant patients as sythemic healthy pregnants.

CREVICULAR FLUID LEVEL OF ELASTASE IN TYPE I AND TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS

ABSTRACT Elastase activity in pocket fluid samples was taken from 120 patients divided into 4 groups. The groups were identified as Type I DM (Diabetes mellitus) metabolic uncontrolled, Type I metabolic controlled, Type II metabolic uncontrolled, and Type II metabolic controlled groups. The samples were evaluated with spectrophotometry. In our study we found that, in addition to the clinical data, elastase enzyme activity level and elastase enzyme concentration were found to be significantly higher in metabolic uncontrolled diabetic groups than in metabolic controlled groups (p<0.05). Furthermore, we found a relationship between total elastase enzyme activity and enzyme concentration in all of the four groups. The findings of the study support the relationship between elastase activity and the periodontal disease. We may further draw inferences regarding the effects of metabolic control levels on the periodontal tissues in diabetics patients.

THE INVESTIGATION OF GINGIVAL CREVICULAR FLUID PROSTHOGLANDIN E2 LEVEL OF THE TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS WITH PERIODONTITIS

ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for periodontal diseases and oral complications are frequently encountered in diabetic patients. In recent studies it was hypothesed that, the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) prostoglandin E2 (PGE2) levels are higher in type I diabetic individuals than non diabetics. The aim of our study is to determine the GCF PGE2 levels of the individuals with type II dibetes mellitus and periodontitis. In addition it is aimed to investigate to correlation between the GCF PGE2 levels, the clinical parameters and the severity of the disease. 20 type II diabetes mellitus patient (group I), and 20 systhemic healthy (group II), a total of 40 individual with periodontiis were examined. All individuals pocket depth (PD), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and gingival bleeding index (GBI) scores were recorded to determine their clinical status. In addition to these, the volume of GCF was also determined from the same sampling side. The GCF PGE2 levels were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) method. The GCF PGE2 levels of I. andII. groups were determined sequentally as 61.88±28.71 and 13.30±4.953pg/nm. The level of PGE2 level was determined significantly higher (p<0.001) in the group of diabetes mellitus patients than systhemic healthy group. Any correlation was not determined between the GCF PGE2 level and clinical parameters among both of the groups. By comparing all oral clinical parameters it was established that there was significiant differences between the groups (P<0.001). The PD and GCF amount of sampling site was also statistically different among the groups (p<0.05), but the difference of other parameter scores were not statistically important (p>0.05). The findings of this study confirms that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for periodontal diseases and the correlation between GCF PGE2 level and the severity of the periodontal disease. Attracts attention for the GCF PGE2 level which could be used as a marker to determine the perodontal disease severity among type II diabetes mellitus patients.