G. Tümen

Composition of the essential oils of Turkish Origanum species with commercial importance

ABSTRACT In Turkey Origanum is represented by 23 species comprising 31 taxa. Commercially important Origanum species include O. onites, O. majorana, O. minutiflorum, O. vulgare and O. syriacum. These species are annually exported in quantities exceeding 4,000 tons. GC and GC/MS profiles of the essential oils of the above mentioned Origanum species are presented in a comparative manner. Oils from O. vulgare subsp. hirtum were found to contain carvacrol (23.4–78.7%) and thymol (0.01–39.8%), while O. syriacum var. bevanii contained carvacrol (42.5%) and thymol (24.8%). Oils from O. majorana and O. minutiflorum appeared to be more stable in carvacrol, containing 78.3–79.5% and 75.1–83.6% respectively. Two chemotypes of O. onites were found: a carvacrol-type (carvacrol (66.5–80.4%)) and a linalool-type (linalool (90.0–91.9%)).

Essential Oil Composition of Four Origanum vulgare Subspecies of Anatolian Origin

ABSTRACT Essential oil composition of four subspecies of Origanum vulgare L. (Labiatae, Sect. Majorana); subsp. hirtum (Link) Ietswaart, subsp. gracile (C. Koch) Ietswaart, subsp. vulgare and subsp. viride (Boiss.) Hayek growing wild in Turkey have been examined by GC and GC/MS analysis. More than 80 constituents were identified in the oil samples of the four subspecies. O. vulgare subsp. hirtum was rich in carvacrol (70.47%), while subsp. gracile contained β-caryophyllene (17.54%) and germacrene D (12.75%) as the dominant constituents. The major components of subsp. viride were terpinen-4-ol (16.82%) and germacrene D (15.87%), while subsp. vulgare was rich in terpinen-4-ol + β-caryophyllene (20.94%) and germacrene D (17.80%).

Composition of the Essential Oil of Origanum majorana L. from Turkey

ABSTRACT Water-distilled essential oils of Origanum majorana L. collected from two localities in Turkey were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Carvacrol (78.27–79.46%) was found to be the major component in both oils.

The essential oil of Salvia pomifera L

ABSTRACT A water-distilled essential oil obtained from the leaves of Salvia pomifera was examined by GC/MS. Twenty-seven components representing 92.87% of the oil were characterized. The major components were β-thujone (50.67%), α-thujone (15.64%) and 1,8-cineole (7.08%).

Composition of the Essential Oil of Origanum sipyleum of Turkish Origin

ABSTRACT Origanum sipyleum L. (Labiatae) was collected from four different locations in Turkey. The volatile oil of each sample was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Forty-eight compounds were identified in the oils of which γ-terpinene (10.80–26.60%), p-cymene (3.76–36.60%), thymol methyl ether (trace-19.90%), carvacrol methyl ether (0.41–10.20%), thymol (0.23–7.30%) and carvacrol (0.82–12.20%) were found to both occur in greatest abundance and to vary the greatest.

The Essential Oil of Cyclotrichium niveum (Boiss.) Manden. et Scheng.

ABSTRACT The essential oils obtained by water distillation from the aerial parts, leaves and flowers and leafless stems of Cyclotrichium niveum (Labiatae) were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The identified components constituted 97.3–98.4% of the oils. Major components were pulegone (32.5–56.4%) and isomenthone (34.2–35.4%).

The Occurrence of Three Chemotypes of Thymus longicaulis C. Presl. subsp. longicaulis in the Same Population

ABSTRACT Three chemotypes of Thymus longicaulis C. Presl. subsp. longicaulis were collected from the same population growing in one sq m area. Their essential oils were investigated by means of GC and GC/MS. Thymol (52.92%), α-terpinyl acetate (82.07%) and geraniol (68.79%) were the predominant components in each of the three different chemotypes.

The Essential Oil of Micromeria fruticosa (L.) Druce subsp. barbata (Boiss & Kotschy) P. H. Davis of Turkish Origin

ABSTRACT The essential oil of Micromeria fruticosa subsp. barbata of Turkish origin was studied by GC and GC/MS. Thirty-six compounds were identified with pulegone (81.29%) being in most abundance

Composition of the Essential Oil of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam.

ABSTRACT The composition of the essential oil of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. was investigated by capillary GC and GC/MS. Of the 44 compounds detected, 35 were identified representing 96.62% of the oil; 24 of these components were detected for the first time. The major components of the oil were 1, 8 cineole (14.05%) and pulegone (21.92%).

Essential oils of Thymus cariensis and Thymus haussknechtii, two endemic species in Turkey

ABSTRACT The essential oils of Thymus cariensis Hub.-Mor. et Jalas and Thymus haussknechtii Velen were examined by GC and GC/MS. The major components in T. cariensis oil were borneol (13.42%), 1, 8-cineole (12.65%) and α-pinene (12.15%), while in T. haussknechtii oil they were linalool (19.91%) and borneol (10.35%). Both oils were almost devoid of phenols.