Guilherme Welter Wendt

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and obsessive-compulsive disorder in adolescents: a population-based study

OBJECTIVESnTo estimate the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) and disorder (OCD) among adolescents and to describe OCD characteristics according to gender.nnnMETHODSnParticipants were selected by cluster sampling at seven high-schools in southern Brazil. In the first stage, 2,323 students were screened for OCS; in the second stage, adolescents scoring ≥ 21 on the OCI-R scale were individually interviewed. OCD diagnosis was established using a semi-structured interview (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children: Present and Lifetime Version - K-SADS-PL).nnnRESULTSnThe past-month estimated prevalence of OCS was 18.3%, and the point estimated prevalence of OCD, 3.3%. Girls showed higher scores (OCS: 24.8 vs. 14.4%; OCD: 4.9 vs. 1.4%; p < 0.001). Only 9.3% of OCD adolescents had been diagnosed and 6.7% received treatment. The most frequent/severe DY-BOCS dimensions were miscellaneous (86.7%; mean score 6.3 ± 3.8) and symmetry (85.3%; 5.9 ± 3.8). Female OCD adolescents predominantly showed depression (p = 0.032), and male adolescents, tic disorders (p = 0.006).nnnCONCLUSIONSnOCD is underdiagnosed in adolescents, and few are treated. Future studies should investigate the relationship between OCS and the onset of OCD.

Quality of life in adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder

OBJECTIVEnTo compare adolescents with and without obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) with regard to quality of life and to investigate the association between quality of life and clinical characteristics.nnnMETHODSnParticipants were recruited from an epidemiological study conducted at high schools in the city of Porto Alegre, southern Brazil. The sample comprised 75 adolescents with OCD and 150 without the disorder, aged between 14 and 18 years. Participants were assessed using the following instruments: Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children - Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL), Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment - Abbreviated Version (WHOQOL-BREF), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Depressive Inventory - II (BDI-II).nnnRESULTSnThe two groups showed significant differences in relation to depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and quality of life (all domains), with a poorer performance among adolescents with OCD when compared to those without the disorder. Stepwise regression analysis revealed a significant association between BDI-II scores and quality of life, in all domains.nnnCONCLUSIONSnOur findings suggest that adolescents with OCD, especially those with depression symptoms, have a poorer quality of life when compared with adolescents without OCD.

Perfil dos Bolsistas de Produtividade em Pesquisa do CNPQ em Psicologia

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el perfil de los becarios de productividad en investigacion del CNPq del area de psicologia segun los datos declarados en la Plataforma Lattes. El numero de articulos, libros y capitulos de libro, asi como orientaciones de iniciacion cientifica, maestria, doctorado y pos doctorado de 297 investigadores becarios del area fueron recolectados en el transcurso de la ultima semana de abril de 2011. Tambien fueron recolectados datos acerca de las instituciones a las cuales los becarios estan vinculados. Fueron realizados analisis estadisticos descriptivos (relevamiento de frecuencias, promedios y desviacion estandar) para caracterizacion de la productividad de la muestra, e inferenciales (Ji-cuadrado y ANOVA) para comparar los becarios de cada categoria en relacion al numero de publicaciones y de orientaciones y de datos demograficos e institucionales. Los resultados muestran que hubo predominio del sexo femenino (63%) y de la beca tipo 2 (58,6%) entre los becarios. La mayoria de los becarios estan vinculados actualmente a instituciones publicas (79,1%). La Region Sudeste presento el mayor numero de becarios (53,6%), seguida de la Region Sur (18,5%). Investigadores con becas de categorias mas altas (1A y 1B) presentaron promedios significativamente mayores en relacion a la produccion de articulos, libros y capitulos de libro asi como al numero de orientaciones concluidas. Las implicaciones y las limitaciones del estudio son discutidas.The present work aimed to analyze the profile of researchers in psychology with productivity grants from Brazils National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq), according to the information collected at the website called Lattes Platform. Numbers of papers, book chapters and books, as well as undergraduate, master and doctoral students orientations were raised considering 297 researchers with productivity grants. This survey was conducted in the last week of April 2011. Information from the institutions where the researchers work were also collected. Descriptive analyses were held (frequencies, means and standard deviation of the study variables) to characterize the level of productivity of the sample, and inferential analyses were also conducted (Chi-square and ANOVA) to compare the productivity grants researchers of each category in what refers to the number of publications, orientations, social demographical data and institutional characteristics. The results showed the female gender (63%) and the grant type 2 (58,6%) were majority among productivity grants researchers. The majority of researchers works at public institutions (79,1%). The Southeast showed the major number of productivity researchers (53,6%), followed by the South (18,5%). Researchers with grants type 1A e 1B, which means high categories, presented significant higher means of papers, books and book chapters publications, as well as finished students orientations. The results implications and the study limitations are discussed.

Agressão entre pares no espaço virtual: definições, impactos e desafios do cyberbullying

The present paper aims to present a literature review on empirical and theoretical studies about cyberbullying process. Although there are few studies about this theme and there is almost no empirical evidence found in Latin America, cyberbullying has been defined as a specific phenomenon, unique and without violence antecedents. Cyberbullying is directly related to bullying but it can happen any time and does not necessarily take place in a natural environment. Researches have shown that cyberbullying victims are more vulnerable to commit suicide than other youth, as well as to develop social and emotional problems that can lead to school dropout and poor academic achievement. Besides all, studies also evidenced that youth involved in this phenomenon are at risk for substance use and abuse as well as to present depression and anxiety symptoms when compared to those youth that do not experienced this kind of violence. The update discussion about cyberbullying is important especially focusing on prevention and intervention programs involving family (parents), school and public police makers.O presente artigo visa apresentar uma revisao da literatura sobre publicacoes teoricas e empiricas relacionadas ao processo de cyberbullying. Embora existam poucos estudos sobre o tema e haja carencia de evidencias empiricas na America Latina, o cyberbullying tem sido concebido enquanto uma categoria especifica, unica e sem precedentes de violencia, podendo ser mais abrangente que o fenomeno bullying por ocorrer a qualquer momento e sem um espaco circunscrito e delimitado fisicamente. Os estudos mostram que vitimas de cyberbullying podem estar mais propensas a tentarem suicidio, bem como mais vulneraveis ao desenvolvimento de problemas sociais e emocionais, como a evasao escolar e desempenho academico prejudicado. Alem disso, as pesquisas mostram que os envolvidos neste fenomeno apresentam risco aumentado para abuso de substâncias psicoativas e desenvolvimento de sintomas de ansiedade e depressao quando comparados aqueles que nao vivenciaram essa forma de agressao entre pares. Assim, aponta-se a importância de um debate atual sobre os aspectos relacionados a prevencao e intervencao em relacao ao cyberbullying, envolvendo a familia, a escola e tambem os responsaveis pelo desenvolvimento e execucao de politicas publicas.

Sensibilidade do WISC-III na identificação do Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção/Hiperatividade(TDAH)

Psicóloga (PUCRS), Dda Psicologia (PUCRS), Mestre em Psicologia (PUCRS), Especialista em Psicologia Clínica-Ênfase em Avaliação Psicológica (UFRGS), Brasil. Apoio CAPES. Professora da PósGraduação em Avaliação Psicológica da UNISC, Coordenadora do Núcleo Médico Psicológico, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. E-mail: regina@nucleomedicopsicologico.com.br; reginamlopess@gmail.com. Psicóloga (PUCRS), Pós-Graduanda em Psicologia Clínica, ênfase em Sistêmica (INFAPA) e Colaboradora Grupo de Pesquisa Avaliação e Intervenção no Ciclo Vital. E-mail: mariannefarina@yahoo.com.br. Bacharel em Psicologia (PUCRS). Mestrando em Psicologia Clínica (UNISINOS, bolsista CAPES). Email: guilhermewendt@gmail.com Graduada em Psicologia (PUCRS), Mestranda em Psicologia Clínica (PUCRS, bolsista CNPq) no Grupo de Pesquisa Avaliação e Intervenção no Ciclo Vital e Pós-Graduanda em Atendimento Clínico, ênfase em Psicanálise (UFRGS). E-mail: crissilvaesteves@ gmail.com Dr. em Psicologia (PUCRS), Graduada em Psicologia (PUCRS), Docente do Programa de Graduação e Pós-Graduação da Faculdade de Psicologia da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brasil. Pesquisadora Produtividade CNPq. E-mail: argimoni@pucrs.br [1] Regina Maria Fernandes Lopes

Violence exposure and substance use among southern Brazilian schoolchildren

espanolEste estudio transversal con muestra probabilistica de 3.547 adolescentes, 54.2% ninas, media de edad 14 anos (SD=1.66), realizado en escuelas brasilenas del sur de Brasil, analizo la asociacion entre la exposicion a la violencia y el consumo de sustancias. El genero y la edad fueron controlados y la proporcion de la muestra fue asegurada. Una medida de autoinforme ha evaluado datos sociodemograficos, la violencia, el consumo de sustancias, trastornos psiquiatricos, rendimiento escolar, practicas parentales y la relacion de los jovenes con padres y profesores. Se realizo analisis descriptivo y la razon de prevalencia para el consumo de sustancias fue estimada por regresion de Poisson, precedida por el control para efecto de la variable escuela. El analisis fue ajustada por sexo y el consumo de alcohol y tabaco por los padres, asi como por los trastornos psiquiatricos. Asociaciones entre la exposicion a la violencia y el uso en el ano de todos las sustancias investigadas fueron encontradas: tabaco [PR=2.49 (IC 95%: 1.92 - 3.25) p EnglishCross-sectional study with probabilistic sample of 3,547 adolescents aged from 12 to 17 years old, 54.2% girls, from southern Brazilian schools that analysed the association between exposure to violence and substance use. Gender and age distribution in general population were controlled and sample proportions were assured. A self report measure was used to evaluate sociodemographic conditions, violence, substance use, psychiatric disorders, school performance, parental practices and relationship with parents and teachers. Descriptive analysis were hold, prevalence ratio for substance use were estimated by Poisson Regression, preceded by control for design effect by school variable. The analysis were adjusted by gender, alcohol and tobacco use by the parents and psychiatric disorders. Association between violence exposure and use in the year of all drugs investigated was found: tobacco [PR=2.49 (CI95%: 1.92-3.25) p

Repercussões do cenário contemporâneo no ato de compartilhar refeições em família

O presente artigo teve por objetivo discutir as transformacoes que o ato de se alimentar em familiaxa0sofreu nas ultimas decadas. Com este proposito, discorre-se sobre as influencias economicasxa0e tecnologicas que provocaram variacoes de comportamento e dos valores na sociedadexa0e, por consequencia, na organizacao do grupo familiar, envolvendo, entre outros processos, axa0alimentacao. Buscou-se fazer leituras que primeiramente auxiliassem a compreensao do atoxa0de alimentar-se, considerando a influencia de fenomenos de ordem cultural e historica, comoxa0a industrializacao, a crescente urbanizacao e ate mesmo as guerras. A literatura tem sinalizadoxa0modificacoes importantes na familia, especialmente em habitos relacionados a alimentacao e aos aspectos emocionais devido as mudancas na sociedade contemporânea. Muito embora estejaxa0claro para os pesquisadores que a comensalidade exerca um papel protetivo para a saudexa0fisica e mental dos individuos, o que se constata e um crescente aumento da alimentacao emxa0restaurantes e lanchonetes, ou seja, fora de casa, o que, em geral, e inadequado e nocivo a saude.xa0Percebe-se que as familias convivem com um excesso de informacoes sobre alimentacao saudavel e nao saudavel e tem rotinas desregradas em funcao de elevadas e crescentes demandasxa0sociais e profissionais. Pesquisadores apontam que os encontros familiares reduziram exa0este fato pode repercutir nas escolhas e praticas alimentares. Programas interdisciplinares de intervencao com familias que considerem o cenario atual ainda sao escassos, mas extremamentexa0necessarios. Sugestoes para investigacoes futuras sao apresentadas e discutidas.

Profile of researchers in Psychology with productivity grants from Brazil's national council of technologiocal and scientific development (CNPQ)

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el perfil de los becarios de productividad en investigacion del CNPq del area de psicologia segun los datos declarados en la Plataforma Lattes. El numero de articulos, libros y capitulos de libro, asi como orientaciones de iniciacion cientifica, maestria, doctorado y pos doctorado de 297 investigadores becarios del area fueron recolectados en el transcurso de la ultima semana de abril de 2011. Tambien fueron recolectados datos acerca de las instituciones a las cuales los becarios estan vinculados. Fueron realizados analisis estadisticos descriptivos (relevamiento de frecuencias, promedios y desviacion estandar) para caracterizacion de la productividad de la muestra, e inferenciales (Ji-cuadrado y ANOVA) para comparar los becarios de cada categoria en relacion al numero de publicaciones y de orientaciones y de datos demograficos e institucionales. Los resultados muestran que hubo predominio del sexo femenino (63%) y de la beca tipo 2 (58,6%) entre los becarios. La mayoria de los becarios estan vinculados actualmente a instituciones publicas (79,1%). La Region Sudeste presento el mayor numero de becarios (53,6%), seguida de la Region Sur (18,5%). Investigadores con becas de categorias mas altas (1A y 1B) presentaron promedios significativamente mayores en relacion a la produccion de articulos, libros y capitulos de libro asi como al numero de orientaciones concluidas. Las implicaciones y las limitaciones del estudio son discutidas.The present work aimed to analyze the profile of researchers in psychology with productivity grants from Brazils National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq), according to the information collected at the website called Lattes Platform. Numbers of papers, book chapters and books, as well as undergraduate, master and doctoral students orientations were raised considering 297 researchers with productivity grants. This survey was conducted in the last week of April 2011. Information from the institutions where the researchers work were also collected. Descriptive analyses were held (frequencies, means and standard deviation of the study variables) to characterize the level of productivity of the sample, and inferential analyses were also conducted (Chi-square and ANOVA) to compare the productivity grants researchers of each category in what refers to the number of publications, orientations, social demographical data and institutional characteristics. The results showed the female gender (63%) and the grant type 2 (58,6%) were majority among productivity grants researchers. The majority of researchers works at public institutions (79,1%). The Southeast showed the major number of productivity researchers (53,6%), followed by the South (18,5%). Researchers with grants type 1A e 1B, which means high categories, presented significant higher means of papers, books and book chapters publications, as well as finished students orientations. The results implications and the study limitations are discussed.

Perfil de los becarios de productividad en investigación del CNPQ en Psicología

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el perfil de los becarios de productividad en investigacion del CNPq del area de psicologia segun los datos declarados en la Plataforma Lattes. El numero de articulos, libros y capitulos de libro, asi como orientaciones de iniciacion cientifica, maestria, doctorado y pos doctorado de 297 investigadores becarios del area fueron recolectados en el transcurso de la ultima semana de abril de 2011. Tambien fueron recolectados datos acerca de las instituciones a las cuales los becarios estan vinculados. Fueron realizados analisis estadisticos descriptivos (relevamiento de frecuencias, promedios y desviacion estandar) para caracterizacion de la productividad de la muestra, e inferenciales (Ji-cuadrado y ANOVA) para comparar los becarios de cada categoria en relacion al numero de publicaciones y de orientaciones y de datos demograficos e institucionales. Los resultados muestran que hubo predominio del sexo femenino (63%) y de la beca tipo 2 (58,6%) entre los becarios. La mayoria de los becarios estan vinculados actualmente a instituciones publicas (79,1%). La Region Sudeste presento el mayor numero de becarios (53,6%), seguida de la Region Sur (18,5%). Investigadores con becas de categorias mas altas (1A y 1B) presentaron promedios significativamente mayores en relacion a la produccion de articulos, libros y capitulos de libro asi como al numero de orientaciones concluidas. Las implicaciones y las limitaciones del estudio son discutidas.The present work aimed to analyze the profile of researchers in psychology with productivity grants from Brazils National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq), according to the information collected at the website called Lattes Platform. Numbers of papers, book chapters and books, as well as undergraduate, master and doctoral students orientations were raised considering 297 researchers with productivity grants. This survey was conducted in the last week of April 2011. Information from the institutions where the researchers work were also collected. Descriptive analyses were held (frequencies, means and standard deviation of the study variables) to characterize the level of productivity of the sample, and inferential analyses were also conducted (Chi-square and ANOVA) to compare the productivity grants researchers of each category in what refers to the number of publications, orientations, social demographical data and institutional characteristics. The results showed the female gender (63%) and the grant type 2 (58,6%) were majority among productivity grants researchers. The majority of researchers works at public institutions (79,1%). The Southeast showed the major number of productivity researchers (53,6%), followed by the South (18,5%). Researchers with grants type 1A e 1B, which means high categories, presented significant higher means of papers, books and book chapters publications, as well as finished students orientations. The results implications and the study limitations are discussed.

Peers aggression in the virtual space: definitions, impacts, and challenges of cyberbullying

The present paper aims to present a literature review on empirical and theoretical studies about cyberbullying process. Although there are few studies about this theme and there is almost no empirical evidence found in Latin America, cyberbullying has been defined as a specific phenomenon, unique and without violence antecedents. Cyberbullying is directly related to bullying but it can happen any time and does not necessarily take place in a natural environment. Researches have shown that cyberbullying victims are more vulnerable to commit suicide than other youth, as well as to develop social and emotional problems that can lead to school dropout and poor academic achievement. Besides all, studies also evidenced that youth involved in this phenomenon are at risk for substance use and abuse as well as to present depression and anxiety symptoms when compared to those youth that do not experienced this kind of violence. The update discussion about cyberbullying is important especially focusing on prevention and intervention programs involving family (parents), school and public police makers.O presente artigo visa apresentar uma revisao da literatura sobre publicacoes teoricas e empiricas relacionadas ao processo de cyberbullying. Embora existam poucos estudos sobre o tema e haja carencia de evidencias empiricas na America Latina, o cyberbullying tem sido concebido enquanto uma categoria especifica, unica e sem precedentes de violencia, podendo ser mais abrangente que o fenomeno bullying por ocorrer a qualquer momento e sem um espaco circunscrito e delimitado fisicamente. Os estudos mostram que vitimas de cyberbullying podem estar mais propensas a tentarem suicidio, bem como mais vulneraveis ao desenvolvimento de problemas sociais e emocionais, como a evasao escolar e desempenho academico prejudicado. Alem disso, as pesquisas mostram que os envolvidos neste fenomeno apresentam risco aumentado para abuso de substâncias psicoativas e desenvolvimento de sintomas de ansiedade e depressao quando comparados aqueles que nao vivenciaram essa forma de agressao entre pares. Assim, aponta-se a importância de um debate atual sobre os aspectos relacionados a prevencao e intervencao em relacao ao cyberbullying, envolvendo a familia, a escola e tambem os responsaveis pelo desenvolvimento e execucao de politicas publicas.