Gumercindo Souza Lima

Avaliação da efetividade de manejo das unidades de conservação de proteção integral em Minas Gerais

The objective of this work was to evaluate the management effectiveness from data collected in the field, through the application of questionnaires to the managers of those areas and consultation with secondary data of manager institutions. The questionnaire methodology used was the Scenery Matrix, where possible sceneries were established, from the worst situation to the best expected situation for each management indicator chosen. The results showed that the creation of conservation units in the State of Minas Gerais occurs without the expectation that they will fulfill the objectives established in their creation or defined in the choice of their category. Only one conservation unit presented a satisfactory level of management, and 60% of the units have poor management level. The national units located in the State show, in average, better results than the state ones, and 87% (34 units) out of the total do not have a Management Plan, and neither of them has a planning process. The picture shown in this study reveals a clear need of thinking over the creation process and management of conservation units in Minas Gerais, and when comparing with other studies, it was observed that unfortunately this is also true in other States such as Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Mato Grosso.

Eficiência de um retardante de longa duração na redução da propagação do fogo

Non-natural firebreaks has been an alternative of wide use in forests, conservation units and at road borders to reduce fire propagation. The main objective of these firebreaks is to manage the fuel material, breaking the continuity of the fuel material. With the emergence of new products and equipment, the traditional firebreaks have being replaced by wet, green or chemical firebreaks. The objective of this work was to test the best dose of a fire retardant in a pasture area formed by Bracharia decumbens grass. Phos-chek retardant, a mixture of amonium phosphate and amonium sulphate, was used in the concentration of 0.134 kg/L. The doses were 300, 600, 900 and 1,200 ml/m2. The application was carried out with a backpack pump in plots of 2 x 5 m, with four repetitions, using the complete randomized blocks design. The time spent by the fire to burn the plot without the product, time spent by the fire to burn the plot with the product, distance advanced by the fire within the plot with the product, and the burning intensity were measured. Relative moisture and wind speed were measured at one-hour intervals. The fire line took 25 times more to burn the plot with the product, in the plot with 1,200 ml/m2, than the plot without the product. The fire burnt the entire plot with the 300 ml/m2 dose, but the burning time in the plot with the product was larger than that one on the plot without the product. Phos-chek changes the combustion reaction, retarding the burning process and the greater the dose the greater the reaction of inhibition. The best dose was that of 1,200 ml/m2, but further studies are necessary to final out the effects of doses from 900 to 1,200 ml/m2, to improve the cost/benefit rate of product use.

Avaliação dos incêndios florestais ocorridos no Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra - Minas Gerais

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se estabelecer o perfil dos incendios florestais ocorridos no Parque Nacional da serra da Canastra, utilizando dados contidos nos Relatorios de Ocorrencias de Incendios de 1988 ate 2008, cedidos pela unidade de conservacao. Foram registradas 219 ocorrencias, totalizando 415572,50 ha de area queimada, com media de 10,43 incendios e 19789,17 ha queimados por ano. Em relacao a area queimada, os incendios causados por incendiarios apresentaram o maior valor, seguido por queimas para limpeza de pastagens, raios e causa desconhecida. Considerando-se numero de ocorrencias, os incendios decorrentes de raios apresentaram a maior frequencia. Nos meses de setembro e agosto predominaram os incendios causados por incendiarios e de causa desconhecida, enquanto os incendios naturais ocorreram principalmente nos meses de outubro e fevereiro e os decorrentes da queima para limpeza de pastagens se concentraram em julho. Os incendios que atingiram maiores areas foram observados em locais com maior declividade, enquanto os de menores proporcoes ocorreram em areas planas e ou de relevos suaves. Quanto a localizacao, registrou-se o maior numero de focos na area regularizada do parque, provavelmente por ser esta area a mais fiscalizada.

RISK MAPPING OF FIRES IN VEGETATION IN THE SERRA DO BRIGADEIRO STATE PARK (MG) AND SURROUNDINGS

1 Received on 25.05.2016 accepted for publication on 16.03.2017. 2 Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Viçosa, MG, Brasil. E-mail: <tamiozzo@ufv.br>, <gslima@ufv.br>, <venancio@ufv.br> and <valverde@ufv.br>. 3 Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Graduado em Geografia, MG, Brasil. E-mail: <rafael.geo.siqueira@gmail.com>. 4 Instituto Estadual de Florestas Centro de Estudos e Desenvolvimento Florestal, Viçosa, MG, Brasil. E-mail: <cedef.ief@gmail.com>. *Corresponding author.