Hasanuddin Ishak

Analysis of the Environmental Factors and the Efforts of the Community to Avoid the Mosquito Bites Against the Endemic Dengue in Rappocini Sub-District, Makassar City

This research aimed to analyze the differences of the environmental factors and the efforts of the community to avoid the mosquito bites in the dengue endemic area and in dengue non-endemic area in Rappocini Sub-District. Makassar City. The research used the ecological study design with the analytical or observational comparative study. The total samples comprised 125 households. which were divided into two areas: 62 households in the endemic area and 63 households in the non-endemic area. The research was conducted from May through July, 2016. The samples were chosen using the purposive sampling technique. The data were then analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Fishers Exact tests and the logistic regression test. The data were processed SPSS version 20. The research results indicated that the difference test revealed that the variables which had a significant difference towards the endemic denque were the temperature (p=0.031), the humidity (p=0.000), the lightning (p=0.000), the presence of larvae (p=0.020), the uses of mosquito nets (p=0.046), the anti• mosquito chemicals (p=0.003). the installation of wire netting (p=0.001), the uses of long sleeves (p=0.000), while the variable which did not have a difference with the level of endemic dengue was the mobility of the population (p=0.592). The result of the logistic regression test showed that the variables which caused the most significant difference between the endemic area and the non-endemic area in Rappocini Sub-District was the uses of the anti-mosquito drugs (p=0.001).

Diversity of Dengue Virus Serotype in Endemic Region of South Sulawesi Province

The objective of this research was to investigate serotype diversity pattern of dengue hemorrhagic fever virus by using real-time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. It was an explorative laboratory research in endemic dengue fever area in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, that is, Makassar municipality and Maros and Gowa region. Serological examination was carried out using real-time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method to determine the serotype of dengue virus. The data showed that, of 30 patients, 20 patients (66.67%) were from Makassar municipality: 10 patients (33.33%) from Gowa region and 10 patients (33.33%) from Maros region. The serotypes found were DENV-2 and DENV-4 and no DENV-1 and DENV-3 serotypes were found. Makassar municipality and Gowa region have higher infection with serotype DENV-2, that is, 40% of cases compared with Maros, which is 20.0%. Statistical test results showed no significant differences between the three endemic areas. Maros region has the highest infection with serotype DENV-4, that is, 40% of cases compared with Makassar municipality (5.0%) and Gowa region (0%). Statistical test results showed significant differences between the three endemic areas. This result revealed that serotypes obtained in endemic areas of dengue fever in South Sulawesi are DENV-2 and DENV-4 and not serotypes DENV-1 and DENV-3. Makassar municipality has DENV-2 and DENV-4 serotype, infection dominated by DENV-2, while Maros region also has DENV-2 and DENV-4, but DENV-4 is the dominant serotype. Gowa municipality only has DENV-2 serotype infection.

Effect of Vector Control Strategy on Reduction of Dengue Fever Cases on Children of Elementary School

The dengue epidemic is influenced by the environment by the number of puddles and containers containing the puddle of rain water that became the breeding ground for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The larval monitoring activity is useful to increase early awareness of the presence of DHF vectors in the school environment. All the components of the school community and activate the school health program with larva examiner students, in an effort to reduce the cycle of dengue transmissible breeding with empowerment done by increasing knowledge and skills of vector control. This research uses quantitative research with prospective study using experimental quasi design with two group pretest and post test design with inferential causal design. The second stage of entomology evaluation. Data collection was performed by larva monitoring at each school for 6 months. The sample of 108 teachers of the school health business coaches were divided into four groups. Data were analyzed by paired t test and Anova. The free number of larvae was obtained after intervention survey results were highest in group I (88, 9), HI (96, 3) highest group II while CI (43, 13) and BI (0, 68) on group IV. The results of Anova test there are differences in house index, free number of larvae, index container, and breteau index between the research groups. Increased of larva free number can break the life cycle of mosquitoes so that population density and mosquito regeneration will decrease

UPAYA PENCEGAHAN GIGITAN NYAMUK DENGAN KEBERADAAN KASUS MALARIA

Setiap tahun lebih dari 500 juta penduduk dunia terinfeksi malaria dan lebih dari satu juta orang meninggal dunia. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui hubungan penggunaan kelambu, pemasangan kawat kasa, penggunaan obat nyamuk, penggunaan repellent saat keluar rumah pada malam hari, pemakaian baju lengan panjang saat keluar rumah pada malam hari dengan keberadaan kasus malaria di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bonto Bahari Kabupaten Bulukumba. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Populasi adalah 8.199 KK yang berada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bonto Bahari. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 181 KK dengan menggunakan teknik proporsional random sampling. Analisis data yang dilakukan adalah univariat dan bivariat dengan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian diperoleh variabel yang berhubungan dengan keberadaan kasus malaria adalah penggunaan obat nyamuk (p=0,001). Variabel yang tidak berhubungan dengan keberadaan kasus malaria adalah penggunaan kelambu (p=0,605), pemasangan kawat kasa (p=0,461), penggunaan repellent saat keluar rumah pada malam hari (p=0,461), pemakaian baju lengan panjang saat keluar rumah pada malam hari (p=0,988). Kesimpulan dari penelitian bahwa ada hubungan penggunaan obat nyamuk dengan keberadaan kasus malaria di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bonto Bahari Kabupaten Bulukumba tahun 2014.