Jair Antonio Cruz Siqueira

Effect of Hydroxy (HHO) Gas Injection in a Gasoline Electric Generator for Rural Areas

This study aimed to evaluate how the HHO gas injection from an electrolyser, conventional bipolar type, works inside a motor-generator fueled with gasoline for utilization in rural areas. After the injection of HHO gas together with gasoline, the parameters of exhaust gases, exhaust temperature, pollution expelled, specific consumption of the engine and excess air, were checked and compared. The main results allowed the evaluation of the engine, when it was fueled with gasoline and HHO gas, which had a better performance than that when fed only with gasoline. The results showed that the engine consume less gasoline and generate fewer pollutant gases when in operation with the injection of HHO gas without the need of radical changes in the engine design.

Green roofs and their contribution for the reduction of room temperature in buildings in Cascavel-State Paraná/green roofs and energy efficiency

The objective of this study was to analyze a green roof by monitoring the variables that can influence it, comparing its effects to those of a conventional roof with clay tiles in Cascavel/State Parana. The following parameters were compared in both prototypes: indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and solar radiation. Temperature measurements were determined by sensors installed in the prototypes whereas the relative humidity was analyzed by wet bulb sensors. Data concerning to 30 days of experiment were collected and tabulated in Microsoft Excel. The green roof remained for 7 days within the relative humidity range considered comfortable whereas the conventional roof remained for 4 days. The green roof caused a mean reduction of 4.96°C, proving that green roofs contribute to reducing indoor room temperature and thermal lag promoted by the green cover, where the heat input takes longer to occur when compared to the conventional roof. Regarding the behavior of the vegetation cover and substrate, the larger the green cover, the lower the substrate temperature transmitted to the indoor environment.

Energetic assessment of soybean biodiesel obtainment in West Paraná, Brasil.

This work presents the result of a research that aimed to assess soybean-based biodiesel production in the West region of Parana State, showing that the growing usage of these fuels happens due to the need for alternatives to the use of fossil fuels, once biomass-based fuels have been an environmentally-friendly energetic alternative. The methodology consisted of determining the energetic consumption of biodiesel production. Energetic consumption was performed by considering the stages involved in soybean farming, oil extraction and production of pure biodiesel (B100); results were presented in megajoules (MJ). The energetic outputs obtained show that the energetic inputs in the farming stage totalized 2,411.53 MJ. Energetic outputs added up to 3,003.75 MJ and energy balance was 57,132.54 MJ. In the oil extraction stage, energetic inputs corresponded to a total of 16.80 MJ and energetic outputs to 17.29 MJ. Energetic balance presented a total of 5.14 MJ. In the soybean biodiesel production stage, energetic input was 59.06 MJ and energetic output, 39.69 MJ. Energetic balance corresponded to 33.26 MJ. The highest energetic consumption for soybean biodiesel production, contemplating all three stages, occurred in the farming stage, with 76% of the total energetic consumption, followed by energetic consumption in the production stage, with 21% of the total consumption. Keywords: Soybean production, energetic consumption, soybean biodiesel. African Journal of Biotechnology , Vol 13(29) 3008-3016