Jane Sheila Higino

Use of Punica granatum as an antifungal agent against candidosis associated with denture stomatitis

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of a gel containing the extract of Punica granatum as an antifungal agent against candidosis associated with denture stomatitis. Sixty patients with denture stomatitis confirmed by clinical and mycologic examination were selected. The patients were randomly allocated in two groups of 30 individuals each according to the medication prescribed: group A used miconazole (Daktarin® gel oral) and group B used a gel of P. granatum Linné (pomegranate). Both groups used the medicines three times per day for 15 days. Forty‐eight hours after finishing the treatment the patients were re‐examined and a second set of samples was collected for mycologic examination. The medicines were evaluated for their clinical response and negativity for Candida. The clinical results showed a satisfactory and regular response in 27 and 21 subjects of groups A and B, respectively. Negativity of yeasts was observed in 25 subjects of group A and 23 of group B. It can be concluded that the extract of P. granatum may be used as a topical antifungal agent for the treatment of candidosis associated with denture stomatitis.

Minimum inhibitory concentration of adherence of Punica granatum Linn (pomegranate) gel against S. mutans, S. mitis and C. albicans

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of a Punica granatum Linn (pomegranate) phytotherapeutic gel and miconazole (Daktarin oral gel) against three standard streptococci strains (mutans ATCC 25175, sanguis ATCC 10577 and mitis ATCC 9811), S. mutans clinically isolated and Candida albicans either alone or in association. The effect of minimum inhibitory concentrations of the gels on the adherence of these microorganisms to glass was assessed in the presence of 5% sucrose, using increasing and doubled concentrations of the diluted solution of the gels ranging from 1:1 to 1:1024. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of adherence of Punica granatum L. gel against the test organisms were: 1:16 for S. mutans (ATCC), S. mutans (CI) and S. sanguis; 1:128 for S. mitis and 1:64 for C. albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of adherence of miconazole against the same organisms were: 1:512, 1:64, 1:4, 1:128 and 1:16, respectively. In experiments with three and four associated microorganisms, the Punica granatum L. gel had greater efficiency in inhibiting microbial adherence than the miconazole. The results of this study suggest that this phytotherapeutic agent might be used in the control of adherence of different microorganisms in the oral cavity.

Atividade antimicrobiana do extrato de Anacardium occidentale Linn. em amostras multiresistentes de Staphylococcus aureus

Medicinal plants with therapeutical properties are of great significance in the whole world, especially in developing countries. Anacardium occidentale Linn. is a plant widely used in the traditional medicine in our region against diarrhea, tonsillitis, bronchitis, arthritis, and inflammation. In this paper, the antimicrobial activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of the cashew tree stem was evaluated against samples of meticillin-resistant and meticillin-sensible Staphylococcus aureus, attained from patients interned at Hospital Universitario/Universidade Federal da Paraiba. The antimicrobial activity was determined by the diffusion method in solid milieu to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the extract, and it was observed in 30 samples the presence or not of inhibition zone. All the assayed samples proved to be sensible to the activity of the extract of the cashew tree, with inhibition zones diameter of 10 to 20 mm, displaying consequently great effectiveness of the extract of the cashew tree stem. Thus, the use of this plant in our region can infer a low cost and efficient therapeutical alternative against bacterial infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

Atividade antimicrobiana e antiaderente in vitro do extrato de Rosmarinus officinalis Linn. sobre bactérias orais planctônicas

In this study was investigated the antimicrobial activity and in vitro adherence inhibition of a hydro alcoholic Rosmarinus officinalis Linn. (alecrim) on standard strains of Streptococcus mitis ATCC 98811, Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC 10556, Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, Streptococcus sobrinus ATCC 27609 and Lactobacillus casei ATCC 7469 extract. The test was carried out by inundation tecniques in Petri dishes to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and inclined tubes techniques the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Adherence to glass (MICA) at the presence of 5% sucrose. Tests with gluconate of chlorexidine 0.12% were performed as controls. MICs of the Rosmarinus officinalis extract dilutions (mg/mL) against S. sanguinis ATCC 10556, S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. sobrinus ATCC 27609 and L. casei ATCC 7469 were 1:1, 1:4, 1:1 e 1:4, respectively. The extract from alecrim inhibited all the standard strains growth tested, except for S. mitis ATCC 98811. MICAs of the Rosmarinus officinalis extract dilutions (mg/mL) against S. mitis ATCC 98811, S. mutans ATCC 25175 e S. sobrinus ATCC were 1:8, 1:16 e 1:8, respectively. The results suggest that there is a possibility of the alecrim use as an oral antimicrobial. Nevertheless, study models which could reproduce situations similar to those seen in bucal caries are necessary for the antimicrobial agents evaluation in the treatment and biofilm dependant oral infections prevention.

Efeito antibacteriano e antiaderente in vitro do extrato da Punica granatum Linn. sobre microrganismos do biofilme dental

Nesta pesquisa foi avaliada a atividade antimicrobiana e a capacidade de inibicao da sintese de glucano in vitro do extrato da casca do fruto da roma (Punica granatum Linn.) sobre linhagens bacterianas de Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus sobrinus e Lactobacillus casei. Os ensaios foram realizados pelas tecnicas de agar-difusao em placas para determinacao da Concentracao Inibitoria Minima (CIM) e tecnica dos tubos inclinados para determinacao da Concentracao Inibitoria Minima de Aderencia (CIMA) ao vidro, na presenca de 5% de sacarose. Os mesmos procedimentos foram realizados com a clorexidina a 0,12%. As CIMs (mg/mL) do extrato da P. granatum frente ao S. mitis, S. mutans, S. sanguis, S. sobrinus e L. casei foram 1:32, 1:8, 1:8, 1:512, e 1:128, respectivamente. Para as CIMAs o extrato da P. granatum mostrou resultados melhores que a clorexidina, exceto para o S. mutans com achados semelhantes na diluicao de 1:256. Os resultados mostram a potencialidade da P. granatum na inibicao do crescimento bacteriano e sintese de glucano representada pela aderencia ao vidro, sugerindo o emprego do extrato da roma, como meio alternativo, no controle desses microrganismos na formacao do biofilme.

Antibiotic activity of the extract of Punica granatum Linn. over bovine strains of Staphylococcus aureus

A medicina humana e veterinaria tem falhado no tratamento de infeccoes em longo prazo causadas por Staphylococcus aureus associadas ao desenvolvimento de resistencia a agentes antimicrobianos. A atividade antimicrobiana do extrato da casca do fruto de Punica granatum Linn. foi avaliada sobre 38 linhagens de S. aureus de origem bovina para a determinacao da concentracao inibitoria minima (CIM). Das 38 linhagens ensaiadas, 22 sao resistentes a penicilina.(PRSA). O extrato de P. granatum apresentou potencial acao antimicrobiana sobre todas as linhagens ensaiadas formando halos de inibicao variando de 10 a 36 mm de diâmetro. Os resultados deste estudo confirmam a eficacia do extrato de P. granatum como potencial agente antibacteriano sobre S. aureus e demonstram a importância de se avaliar novas substâncias com potencial antimicrobiano, o que pode contribuir para a terapeutica alternativa em Medicina Veterinaria.

Atividade antimicrobiana in vitro do extrato de Anacardium occidentale L. sobre espécies de Streptococcus

The antimicrobial activity of the extract of the stem bark of Anacardium occidentale L., was evaluated in three cultures of bacteria of the dental plate. The antimicrobial activity was assayed in Petri dishes using the diffusion method for determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal inhibitory concentration of adherence (MICA). Aureolar inhibition (MIC) was observed with concentrations of 12.5 mg/mL in S. mutans and 6.25 mg/mL in S. mitis and S. sanguis. The results suggest that the extract has effect in the MICA in concentrations of 0.31 mg/mL in S. mutans and S. mitis and of 0.15 mg/mL in S. sanguis and therapeuticly can be used in the dentistry as an antibacterial agent.

Eficácia do extrato de Myrciaria cauliflora (Mart.) O. Berg. (jabuticabeira) sobre bactérias orais

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana do extrato da folha de Myrciaria cauliflora (Mart.) O. Berg., Myrtaceae (jabuticabeira) sobre: Streptococcus mitis (ATCC 903), Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), Streptococcus sanguinis (ATCC 15300), Streptococcus oralis (ATCC 10557), Streptococcus salivarius (ATCC 7073) e Lactobacillus casei (ATCC 9595). A pesquisa foi realizada atraves de tecnicas bacteriologicas laboriosas. Os ensaios foram realizados pelo metodo da diluicao em meio solido para a determinacao da Concentracao Inibitoria Minima (CIM). Os resultados obtidos foram transferidos para um banco de dados informatizado e calculados os parâmetros estatisticos mediante o emprego do programa SPSS versao 13.0. Utilizou-se, ao nivel de 5% de significância, o teste t-Student. Em estudo comparativo, foi determinada a CIM do digluconato de clorexidina a 0,12%. O extrato de jabuticabeira formou halos de inibicao variando de 10 a 18 mm de diâmetro e apresentou desempenho medio significativamente inferior em relacao a clorexidina, na comparacao do extrato bruto vs substância pura e nas concentracoes 1:2 e 1:4. Conclui-se, que o extrato de Myrciaria cauliflora produziu uma significante atividade bacteriostatica in vitro sobre as bacterias do biofilme dental, o que sugere a utilizacao dessa substância como meio alternativo e economicamente viavel para o controle de afeccoes em Odontologia.

Avaliação in vitro da atividade antimicrobiana do extrato da Lippia sidoides Cham. sobre isolados biológicos de Staphylococcus aureus

ABSTRACT: In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of Lippia sidoides Cham. extracton biological isolates of Staphylococcus aureus . Staphylococcus aureus is a classic pathogenicmicroorganism commonly recognized as etiological agent of community and nosocomial infections.Considering the knowledge of Lippia sidoides Cham. (Alecrim-pimenta) biological properties, thisstudy aimed to evaluate in vitro the antimicrobial activity of the extract from this plant in inhibitingthe growth of S. aureus from hospitalized humans. The Agar Mueller-Hinton diffusion method wasused to determine the Minimum Inhibition Concentration of the extract. The anti- Staphylococcusaureus activity of Lippia sidoides Cham. extract was noted by the large growth inhibition zones (9to 27 mm); all tested samples were sensitive to the action of Lippia sidoides Cham. extract untilthe dilution of 1:16 (0.053 g mL -1 ). Under the conditions adopted in the present study, theseresults show the promising anti-staphylococcal property of

In vitro antimicrobial effect of jabuticaba [Myrciaria cauliflora (Mart.)O.Berg] extract on Streptococcus from the oral cavity

Este estudo avaliou a acao do extrato etanolico das folhas de Myrciaria cauliflora (Mart.)O.Berg. sobre tres culturas de Streptococcus formadoras do biofilme dental. A atividade antimicrobiana foi determinada pelo metodo de difusao em meio solido. Os dados obtidos foram satisfatorios para todas as especies ensaiadas (Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, Streptococcus sobrinus ATCC 27609 e Streptococcus sanguis ATCC 10557) gerando halos de inibicao quando utilizado o extrato puro e diluicoes 1:2 e 1:4. Os resultados incentivam a realizacao de novas pesquisas que viabilizem a producao de compostos com finalidade terapeutica que possam ser utilizados clinicamente na odontologia.