Jessica Mora

Predictions of CD4 lymphocytes’ count in HIV patients from complete blood count

BackgroundHIV diagnosis, prognostic and treatment requires T CD4 lymphocytes’ number from flow cytometry, an expensive technique often not available to people in developing countries. The aim of this work is to apply a previous developed methodology that predicts T CD4 lymphocytes’ value based on total white blood cell (WBC) count and lymphocytes count applying sets theory, from information taken from the Complete Blood Count (CBC).MethodsSets theory was used to classify into groups named A, B, C and D the number of leucocytes/mm3, lymphocytes/mm3, and CD4/μL3 subpopulation per flow cytometry of 800 HIV diagnosed patients. Union between sets A and C, and B and D were assessed, and intersection between both unions was described in order to establish the belonging percentage to these sets. Results were classified into eight ranges taken by 1000 leucocytes/mm3, calculating the belonging percentage of each range with respect to the whole sample.ResultsIntersection (A ∪ C) ∩ (B ∪ D) showed an effectiveness in the prediction of 81.44% for the range between 4000 and 4999 leukocytes, 91.89% for the range between 3000 and 3999, and 100% for the range below 3000.ConclusionsUsefulness and clinical applicability of a methodology based on sets theory were confirmed to predict the T CD4 lymphocytes’ value, beginning with WBC and lymphocytes’ count from CBC. This methodology is new, objective, and has lower costs than the flow cytometry which is currently considered as Gold Standard.

Diagnóstico fractal de disfunción cardíaca severa. Dinámica fractal de la ramificación coronaria izquierda

Introduccion y objetivos la geometria fractal evalua la irregularidad de los objetos naturales, permitiendo caracterizar de forma imparcial la totalidad de la ramificacion coronaria izquierda a diferencia de la metodologia actual que evalua unicamente partes de esta. Con base en esta medida se generalizo una nueva metodologia diagnostica para detectar cualquier tipo de disfuncion cardiaca severa. Metodos estudio de concordancia diagnostica en el que se utilizo el metodo de box counting para medir dimensiones fractales de imagenes consecutivas entre sistole y diastole de la ramificacion coronaria izquierda en proyeccion oblicua derecha anterior de angiografias de ocho pacientes con enfermedad arterial oclusiva leve. Asi mismo, se evaluaron sus cambios por medio de los conceptos de variabilidad y diferencia neta y se compararon estos resultados con pacientes sin enfermedad arterial oclusiva, con enfermedad arterial oclusiva moderada y severa evaluados previamente de igual forma, para obtener una metodologia matematica que evalua el impacto de cualquier patologia en la dinamica cardiaca. Resultados los casos que presentan diferencias netas de cero corresponden a pacientes con disfunciones cardiacas severas, independientemente del grado o ausencia de enfermedad arterial oclusiva diagnosticada. Conclusiones se generalizo una nueva metodologia diagnostica de aplicacion clinica que detecta disfunciones cardiacas severas sub-diagnosticadas con las metodologias actuales, mediante la caracterizacion de la dinamica total de la ramificacion coronaria izquierda.