João Armando Dessimon Machado

Análise da competitividade das exportações do complexo soja brasileiro de 1995 a 2006: uma abordagem de market-share

This study has the aim of identifying the behavior of the Brazilian soy complex exports from 1995 to 2006. For this, it was used the model of international commerce Constant-Market-Share from 1995 to 1998, 1999 to 2001 and 2002 to 2006. Based on the interferences done, it was observed that the effects competitiveness and growth of the world-wide commerce collaborated a lot for the commodities growth grain, bran and oil soy in the analyzed periods. The analyses of this paper were done through collected data from the System of Analysis of Information of the Exterior Commerce (Alice), the General Office of Exterior Commerce (Secex), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World-wide Organization of the Commerce (WTO). Based on the considered result, it is possible to infer that Brazil is significantly important in the worldwide commerce of soy and presents favorable soil and climatic conditions to the increase of the production.

Understanding the divergences between farmer’s perception and meteorological records regarding climate change: a review

How farmers perceive climate change is linked to whether they are responding and adapting to it. However, often this perception does not correspond with what actually happens. Based on a search of empirical studies carried out in Africa and Asia, this paper analyzes two factors that can influence farmers’ perception regarding climate change: expected utility maximization and availability heuristic. While expected utility maximization refers to an expected change in farmers’ well-being, the availability heuristic is a mental shortcut based on the memory of occurrence of events. Generally, empirical studies show that farmers’ perceptions are aligning with meteorological records regarding an increase in temperature. However, while there are no significant variations in rainfall trends, farmers perceive a reduction in rainfall in the last few years. The recent increase in drought frequency and severity may cause this divergence, because it affects farmers’ well-being, and extreme droughts have a central position in peoples’ memory. In this context, our findings suggest that farmers’ perceptions are influenced by economic and psychological issues. Policymakers, extension workers and developers of climate projects need to pay attention to farm and farmers’ characteristics in order to develop mitigation and/or adaptation practices regarding climate change.

O processo decisório na criação de unidades que agregam valor à produção: as agroindústrias familiares

Entre outras definicoes, no cenario brasileiro a agricultura familiar caracteriza-se por seu papel imensuravel, levando em consideracao questoes sociais e economicas. Porem, nesse contexto, muitos agricultores tomam a decisao de realizarem outras atividades, inclusive nao agricolas, como as atividades agroindustriais. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo e analisar o perfil destes tomadores de decisoes, as proprias agroindustrias familiares e identificar os principais determinantes que influenciaram na criacao dessas atividades. A pesquisa foi realizada com 72 agroindustrias familiares do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, utilizando metodos quantitativos e qualitativos, e em termos gerais, a perspectiva de aumentar a renda familiar agregando valor a materia-prima foi o principal motivo para a implementacao dessas unidades de producao.

Influências na Decisão do Jovem Trabalhador Rural Partir ou Ficar no Campo

O artigo aborda uma questao que vem preocupando as liderancas politicas, academicas e comunitarias, vinculadas ao processo de desenvolvimento rural. O gradativo desinteresse dos jovens, filhos de pequenos agricultores, em permanecer no campo e debatido no mundo todo e tem sido alvo de tentativas constantes de intervencoes, algumas bem sucedidas, mas na maioria sem desencadeamentos praticos perceptiveis. Este estudo contempla tres casos de jovens da microrregiao de Frederico Westphalen, noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, e envolve a tomada de constantes e dificeis decisoes, baseadas em fatores e influencias. Estas decisoes, quando inseridas no contexto rural regional, ganham um carater ampliado e denotam uma tendencia de (des)caracterizacao do cenario, que ultrapassa os limites territoriais, influenciadas por perspectivas maiores, que envolvem o carater economico como um todo. Os tres jovens, focos do estudo, tem formacao universitaria, sao filhos de pequenos agricultores bem estruturados produtiva e economicamente e, por razoes diversas, aqui apresentadas, estao tomando rumos distintos em suas vidas: um deles decidiu constituir familia e permanecer na propriedade dos pais, associando as atividades na propriedade com outra, obtendo renda pluriativa, outro decidiu partir para a cidade, perdendo, temporariamente o interesse pela propriedade e o terceiro decidiu voltar para a propriedade dos pais, deixando uma carreira promissora na cidade para tornar-se empreendedor rural. Os dados coletados a campo, as particularidades da regiao e um suporte bibliografico, originaram o presente artigo.

SUSTENTABILIDADE NA SUINOCULTURA DE TERMINAÇÃO: INDICADORES AMBIENTAIS DE DESEMPENHO EM UM MUNICÍPIO GAÚCHO

The increased participation in recent years of Brazilian pig on the world market associated with the requirements imposed by these new consumer markets awake to the necessity of diagnostics and targeted analysis on sectors sustainability. Focusing on the environmental dimension of sustainability triad proposed by Tripple Bottom Line (TBL) through Metodo de Avaliacao de Indicadores de Sustentabilidade organizacional (M.A.I.S.) adapted to swine termination, the research aimed to build environmental performance indicators focused on sustainability and validation of this tool in the city of Aratiba - RS, the largest producer of pigs in Rio Grande do Sul, in 2011. It was characterized 10 environmental sustainability indicators and indices for the levels of balance, for balance and imbalance. It was determined that the waste management, licensing, disposal of solid waste and soil analysis indicators are presented as the most critical as it stood near range imbalance. The indicators vectors and rodents, cleanliness of facilities and animal welfare were presented near equilibrium range. Despite the limitations noted in this methodology when confronted with the reality of pig assessed properties, this tool enabled the identification of critical points assessed in the environmental dimension guide allowing private actions and public policies aimed at sustainable development of the sector in the county.