Jozef Garlík

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MUSCLE AFTER POLLEN APPLICATION IN NUTRITION OF BROILER CHICKENS

Principle purpose of this study was to monitor the chemical composition of breast and thigh muscular part of chickens of hybrid combination Ross 308 and to verify the differences due to use of pollen extract in feed mixture at a dose of 400 and 800 mg.kg -1 during the feeding of 42 days. We did not find significant differences (P≥0.05) in followed chemical compounds of thigh muscle with the skin and subcutaneous fat between the groups with and without application of pollen extract: in contents of water (68.49-70.12 g.100g -1 ), protein (18.82-18.98 g.100g -1 ), fat (9.96-11.53 g.100g -1 ) and in energy value (692.20-752.36 kJ.100g -1 ). Significant differences (P≤0.05) were found only in protein content of breast muscle between the control group (23.96 g.100g -1 ) and experimental group I (23.28 g.100g -1 ). Values of water content (73.97-74.32 g.100g -1 ), fat content (1.07-1.40 g.100g -1 ) and energy (441.65-446.64 kJ.100g -1 ) in breast muscle between the evaluated groups were balanced (P≥0.05). The results show that pollen extract at the concentration used in feed mixture did not effect basic chemical composition of the most valuable parts of the chicken Ross 308 carcass and we can apply it in their nutrition. Application at a dose of 800 mg.kg -1 seems to be more positive.

The effect of propolis extract in the diet of chickens Ross 308 on their performance.

The focus of the study was the performance of Ross 308 chickens after the application of propolis extract in their diet. The nutritional value of feed mixtures for chickens was equal, but the experimental groups were also added propolis extract in the dose of 200 mg.kg-1 (E1), 300 mg.kg-1 (E2) and 400 mg.kg-1 (E3), respectively. The results of the experiments showed that the propolis extract in the examined concentrations can be applied to the diet of chickens, since it managed to raise (P ≥ 0.05) the body weight positively (E1 – 2354.60 g; E2 – 2371.40 g; E3 – 2382.90 g), compared to control group (2272.89 g). Total increase of body weights indicates positive tendency of propolis extract in the diet of chickens Ross 308, because higher values (P ≥ 0.05) were reached in the experimental groups (2311.60 g – E1 to 2339.60 g – E3) compared to control (2230.80 g). Total feed consumption was higher in the experimental groups, on the contrary, FCR was lower (P ≥ 0.05) in the experimental groups (1.64 to 1.67) compared to control (1.69). The best performance results were reached in the group with the greatest addition of propolis extract, i.e. in the dose 400 mg.kg-1 of feed mixtures (E3).

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF EUROPEAN BISON MUSCULUS LONGISSIMUS DORSI AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF AGE

The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of musculus longissimus dorsi muscle in European bison ( Bison bonasus ) of the age 6, 9, 12 and 14 years. In m. longissimus dorsi water content was from 74.90 g (group until 6 years of age) until 75.70 g .100 g -1 (group until 12 years of age). Non statistically significant differences (P≥0.05) were found between groups of age. In m. longissimus dorsi the protein content was statistically significant during aging (P≥0.05) of the European bison from 21.23 (group until 12 years of age) until 22.34 g .100 g -1 (group until 14 years of age). The protein content is comparable with the values of steers and bulls of different breeds of cattle feedlot and meat buffalo. The m. longissimus dorsi fat content of European bison was represented from 1.26 g (group until 12 years of age) to 2.11 g .100 g -1 (group until 9 years of age), without statistical differences (P≥0.05) between groups of age. Fat levels are comparable with American bison fat levels and European bison meat from this perspective be regarded as high dietary, maybe. Tendency increasing of fat content in muscle with increasing age of animals was not confirmed (P≥0.05) but was confirmed that this variable indicator has the greatest potential impact nutrition. Energy value in 100 g m. longissimus dorsi was from 402.81 kJ (group until 12 years of age) to 447.07 kJ.100 g -1 (group to 9 years of age). The energy value in 100 g muscle was recorded only statistical differences (P≤0.05) in the group 9 and 12 years of age. Experiment results confirmed that the European bison meat is good article and possible supplement in the diet and the human food chain especially in states where the farm is kept in a manner respectively, as a delicacy, because it contains low representation of fat, what ultimately increases its particular dietary value, moving it from this perspective, even before the beef meat. doi:10.5219/129