Klára Vavrišínová

Fatty Acids Profile of Intramuscular Fat in Light Lambs Traditionally and Artificially Reared

The quality of 40 carcasses of light lambs of the synthetic population of Slovak Dairy sheep from (a) artificial rearing (AR) and (b) traditional rearing (TR) was assessed on the basis of fatty acids profile of intramuscular fat (IMF). Lambs from AR in comparison with TR were of lower quality as assessed on the basis of fatty acids (FAs) profile. The content of conjugated linolic acid (CLA) in the fat of TR lambs was severalfold higher (0.749 vs. 0.193 g.100g-1 FAME, P<0.001) than in AR lambs. Similarly, the content of trans-vaccenic (TVA), a-linolenic (ALA), rumenic (RA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was in TR lambs significantly higher (P<0.001) than in AR lambs (0.955 vs. 0.111; 0.715 vs. 0.251; 0.672 vs. 0.148; 0.352 vs. 0.061; 0.252 vs. 0.079 g.100g-1 FAME). In contrary, the content of linoleic acid (LA), the ratio of LA/ALA and n-6/n-3 in AR lambs was higher than in TR lambs (9.07 vs. 4.81 g.100 g-1 FAME; 39.11 vs. 6.80; 14.56 vs. 3.25, P<0.001). In TR lambs the content of n-3 PUFA and BCFA was significantly higher (P<0.001) than in AR lambs (2.08 vs. 0.84 and 1.95 vs. 0.45). The value of thrombogenic index was higher in AR lambs in comparison with TR lambs (1.44 vs. 1.31; P<0.05). Significant differences between FAs of IMF of ram lambs and ewe lambs were observed only in the case of arachidonic acid (P<0.05).

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MUSCLE AFTER POLLEN APPLICATION IN NUTRITION OF BROILER CHICKENS

Principle purpose of this study was to monitor the chemical composition of breast and thigh muscular part of chickens of hybrid combination Ross 308 and to verify the differences due to use of pollen extract in feed mixture at a dose of 400 and 800 mg.kg -1 during the feeding of 42 days. We did not find significant differences (P≥0.05) in followed chemical compounds of thigh muscle with the skin and subcutaneous fat between the groups with and without application of pollen extract: in contents of water (68.49-70.12 g.100g -1 ), protein (18.82-18.98 g.100g -1 ), fat (9.96-11.53 g.100g -1 ) and in energy value (692.20-752.36 kJ.100g -1 ). Significant differences (P≤0.05) were found only in protein content of breast muscle between the control group (23.96 g.100g -1 ) and experimental group I (23.28 g.100g -1 ). Values of water content (73.97-74.32 g.100g -1 ), fat content (1.07-1.40 g.100g -1 ) and energy (441.65-446.64 kJ.100g -1 ) in breast muscle between the evaluated groups were balanced (P≥0.05). The results show that pollen extract at the concentration used in feed mixture did not effect basic chemical composition of the most valuable parts of the chicken Ross 308 carcass and we can apply it in their nutrition. Application at a dose of 800 mg.kg -1 seems to be more positive.

THE INFLUENCE OF PROPOLIS APPLICATION TO MEAT UTILITY ON ROSS 308 BROILER CHICKENS

The aim of the experiment was to monitor the impact of propolis extract (experimental group) for meat utility of the Ross 308 chicken. The dosage of propolis was 0.2 g.kg KKZ-1 throught the fattening (40 days). Application of propolis increased (P≤0.01) slaughter weight (+76.80 g) and carcass weight (+67.90 g) in hens compared to the control group (1790.60 g, resp. 1266.54 g). In group with roosters slaughter weight (+70.80 g) and carcass weight (+56.00 g) were also increased (P≥0.05) in the experimental group compared to control (2086.20 g, resp. 1475.20 g). Offal weight in both sexes was lower (P≥0.05) in the experimental group (135.55 g - ♀, 158.21 g - ♂) compared to control (140.75 g - ♀, 168.55 g - ♂). Carcass yield was higher in hens (P≥0.05) in the experimental group (78.71 %) versus control (78.60 %).The evaluation of meat utility Ross 308 chickens without distinction of sex did not show significant differences (P≥0.05), but a slight increase in slaughter weight and in the carcass weight in group with application of propolis extract in their fattening. Contrary slightly lower offal weight (-7.77 g) and carcass yield (-0.21 %) were found in the experimental group of chickens without distinction of sex (P≥0.05) compared to control group (weight of offal - 154.65 g, carcass yield - 78.69 %). We recommend the application of propolis as a possible supplement in the fattening of chickens, as it increases the performance parameters of meat and may also positively affect the economy of production. doi:10.5219/48

The effect of added organic selenium on nutritional value, chemical and technological quality characteristics of pork

The aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of organic selenium in the feed on the selenium content in pork and selected qualitative traits of pork. The experiment was performed on 29 pigs in the control group and 21 pigs in the experimental group. Animals in both group were fed by same mixture, feed mixture for experimental group was supplemented by 300 µg selenium per 1 kg mixture. Selenium was in form protein-mineral premix. Selenised feed mixture increased the selenium concentration in muscles, selenium content in muscle was significantly higher in experimental group (P < 0.01). There was not difference between groups in chemical composition of muscle – water, proteins and intramuscular fat content. Statistically significant difference was found only in saturated fatty acids ratio (P < 0.05), other fatty acids did not differ between groups. No statistical difference was found in pH, drip loss and shear force. The pork with higher content of selenium showed significantly lower oxidative activity (P < 0.01) and higher color stability (P < 0.01).

The effect of propolis extract in the diet of chickens Ross 308 on their performance.

The focus of the study was the performance of Ross 308 chickens after the application of propolis extract in their diet. The nutritional value of feed mixtures for chickens was equal, but the experimental groups were also added propolis extract in the dose of 200 mg.kg-1 (E1), 300 mg.kg-1 (E2) and 400 mg.kg-1 (E3), respectively. The results of the experiments showed that the propolis extract in the examined concentrations can be applied to the diet of chickens, since it managed to raise (P ≥ 0.05) the body weight positively (E1 – 2354.60 g; E2 – 2371.40 g; E3 – 2382.90 g), compared to control group (2272.89 g). Total increase of body weights indicates positive tendency of propolis extract in the diet of chickens Ross 308, because higher values (P ≥ 0.05) were reached in the experimental groups (2311.60 g – E1 to 2339.60 g – E3) compared to control (2230.80 g). Total feed consumption was higher in the experimental groups, on the contrary, FCR was lower (P ≥ 0.05) in the experimental groups (1.64 to 1.67) compared to control (1.69). The best performance results were reached in the group with the greatest addition of propolis extract, i.e. in the dose 400 mg.kg-1 of feed mixtures (E3).