Juliano Cesar Dias

Correlações genéticas e fenotípicas entre características reprodutivas e produtivas de touros da raça Nelore

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar correlacoes geneticas e fenotipicas de caracteristicas reprodutivas e ponderais em 579 touros Nelore, em criacao extensiva. As caracteristicas reprodutivas estudadas foram: circunferencia escrotal, consistencia, volume e forma testiculares, comprimento dos testiculos esquerdo e direito, largura dos testiculos esquerdo e direito, motilidade e vigor espermaticos, defeitos espermaticos maiores, menores e totais e classificacao andrologica por pontos. As caracteristicas foram analisadas pelo metodo de maxima verossimilhanca restrita, com algoritmos livres de derivadas, sob modelo animal, com inclusao da matriz de numeradores dos coeficientes de parentesco entre os animais e seus ascendentes. As correlacoes geneticas entre circunferencia escrotal e as caracteristicas peso corporal, volume testicular, motilidade espermatica, vigor espermatico, defeitos espermaticos menores, defeitos espermaticos totais e classificacao andrologica por pontos foram, respectivamente, 0,72, 0,99, 0,72, 0,60, -0,67, -0,12 e 0,64. As maiores correlacoes fenotipicas encontradas entre peso e circunferencia escrotal, caracteristicas fisicas e morfologicas do semen, quando comparadas as correlacoes entre idade e as mesmas caracteristicas, sao indicativas de que o peso tem maior influencia na condicao reprodutiva. As correlacoes geneticas entre classificacao andrologica por pontos e as caracteristicas: peso, circunferencia escrotal, volume testicular, defeitos espermaticos maiores e defeitos espermaticos totais foram, respectivamente, 0,19, 0,64, 0,71, -0,47 e -0,58.

Estimativas de parâmetros genéticos de características reprodutivas de touros Nelore, de dois e três anos de idade

Heritabilities and genetic correlations between performance and reproductive traits were estimated using Multiple Trait Derivative-Free Restricted Maximum Likelihood methodology in 579 pasture-raised Nelore bulls that were 19 to 39 months of age. Traits were breeding soundness evaluation (BSE), scrotal circumference (SC), testicular consistency (TC), testicular volume (TV), testicular shape (TS), length and width of right and left testicles, and semen traits including motility (Mot), vigor (Vig), major (MD) sperm defects, minor (mD) sperm defects and total (TD) sperm defects. Heritability estimates were 0.46; 0.10; 0.08; 0.16; 0.09; 0.11 and 0.10 for TC, Mot, Vig, MD, mD, TD and BSE, respectively. Genetic correlations between SC and: body weight (BW), TV, Mot, Vig, mD, TD and BSE were 0.72; 0.99; 0.72; 0.60; -0.67; -0.12 and 0.64, respectively, showing favorable associations between SC and the other traits. Genetic correlations between BSE and: BW, TV, MD and TD were 0.19; 0.71; -0.47 and -0.58, respectively. Results suggest that selection for body weight in Nelore bulls should not hamper fertility, nor should selection for reproductive traits hamper growth.

Associação entre o perfil andrológico e a congelação de sêmen de touros da raça Nelore aos dois anos de idade, pré-selecionados pela classificação andrológica por pontos (CAP)

Andrologic (n=163) and semen freezing (n=55) parameters from young Nelore bulls were evaluated for two consecutive years, as well as their associations searching for andrologic markers for high fertility and semen freezing. Differences in andrologic profiles (P<0.05) between years were registered, reflecting the success of semen freezing, even after andrologic selection. Percentages of 26.6 and 19.5 of discharged ejaculates, pre and post-freezing, respectively, were recorded, due to physical semen parameters. Overall sperm motility, vigor, and viability means were, respectively, 66.4±5.7%, 4.8±0.4, and 76.3±8.5% pre-freezing; and 29.4±8.5%, 4.6±0.6, and 34.5±11.1% post-freezing. The post-freezing recovery mean was 44.5±13.4%. Significant correlations (P<0.05) between body weight and pre-freezing sperm motility (0.43) and post-freezing sperm recovery standard (-0.50) were estimated. Correlations were also observed (P<0.05) between volume of ejaculate and age (0.50), sperm motility (0.28), total sperm defects (-0.32), and post-freezing sperm recovery standard (-0.37). The correlation between sperm concentration and post-freezing sperm recovery standard was 0.42. Significant correlations (P<0.05) between testes shape and scrotal circumference (0.58), and total sperm defects (0.33) and vesicular gland area (0.43) were also observed.

Características do sêmen e maturidade sexual de touros jovens da raça Tabapuã (Bos taurus indicus) em diferentes manejos alimentares

Body weight (BW), scrotal circumference (SC), semen characteristics and Breeding Soundness Evaluation-Zebu (BSE-Z) of 516 young Tabapua breed bulls, raised under different feeding regimen, were evaluated for one year old bulls (12-17 months of age) and two year old bulls (21-27 month of age). The feed regimens were the following: feeding regimen 1 - animals raised under pasture condition plus mineral supplementation, feeding regimen 2 - animals raised under pasture condition and supplemented during the dry season with sugar cane and urea (0.5%) plus 2kg/animal/day of a commercial concentrate (84%NDT and18% crude protein) fed twice a day, and feeding regimen 3 - feed lot animals fed balanced diets with the following composition: sugar cane, elephantgrass, urea (0.5%) and commercial concentrate (88%NDT and 19%crude protein) varying from 2kg/animal/day for young animals to 6kg/animal/day at adult age (27 months), fed three times a day. One year old animals on feeding regimen 3 were heavier (BW=416kg), and had higher (P<0,05) scrotal circumference (29.6cm), semen volume (5.7ml) and spermatic motility (42%) than animals on feed regimens 1 and 2. No difference between animals on feeding regimens 1 and 2 were observed for BW (232.44 and 279.34kg), scrotal circumference (20.02cm and 22.16cm), semen volume (2 and 2.12ml), and spermatic motility (14.17% and 20.27%), respectively. Two years old animals on feeding regimen 3 were heavier (BW=490.82kg), and had higher scrotal circumference (SC=33.56cm) and andrologic classification (ACP=71.71) than animals on feeding regimens 1 and 2, which showed, BW (378.91 and 409.2kg), SC (30.66 and 30.31cm) and ACP (63.55 and 66.05), respectively. Difference between animals on feeding regimen 3 and animals on regimens 1 and 2 were observed for BW, SC and SV. Mature animals showed BW=497.5kg, SC=33.81cm and SV=4,83ml. Animals on feeding regimen 1 (BW=388.53kg, SC=30.81cm and SV=2.92ml), were not statistically different from animals on feeding regimen 2 (BW=412.32kg, SC=31.56 cm and SV=3.93ml). Immature animals were heavier (BW=479.22kg) and had higher SC (SC=32.96cm) on feeding regimen 3, than animals on feeding regimen 1 (BW=367.36 and SC=29,56cm), and animals on feeding regimen 2 (BW=402.69kg and SC=29.55cm). Feed supplementation influences reproductive performance, and shows positive effect on body weight, scrotal circumference, physicals characteristics of semen and BSE of young Tabapua bulls.