L. Chapaval

An alternative method for Staphylococcus aureus DNA isolation

This study describes a rapid procedure for the isolation of genomic DNA from Staphylococcus aureus that yielded a good amount of high quality DNA for the amplification of staphylococcal enterotoxins genes (A, B, C, D, and E) and the TSST-1 gene as well as enzymatic restriction (HaeIII) from environmental isolates. With this method, it was possible to detect these genes in a sample containing as little as 105 cells with positive PCR reactions obtained from approximately 10pg of DNA in a final reaction volume of 25µl.

Detection of Staphylococcus aureus using the REP-PCR technique to monitor goat milk quality

The objective of the present study was to apply REP-PCR sequences in the monitoring goat milk quality, by detecting Staphylococcus aureus, in samples of from milker hands, goat teats, milk, milking machine and water, for the future establishment and implantation of the system of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP). Several fingerprints were verified of all the isolates collected from the different sources studied (milker hands, goat teats, milk, milking machine and water). Very similar band behaviors were observed that indicated that the isolates can be reported as epidemic clones. Milker´s hands were was characterized as a critical control point (CCP), because it stands out as an initial point of contaminationin the Staphylococcus aureus samples. The technique was shown to be efficient for the similarity analysis among individuals of the Staphylococcus aureus species, and is therefore a useful tool for investigation of management faults and consequently, in the search for more efficient control to prevent or minimize the spread of pathogenic microorganisms that cause serious illnesses in humans and animals that can be transmitted through products such as milk and its products.

Avaliação dos impactos ambientais e sociais gerados pela utilização do kit Embrapa de ordenha manual na produção de leite de cabra

This study aimed to assess the social and environmental expectations of producers and the exante and ex-post evaluation of the environmental and social impacts of using Embrapa`s milking kit for dairy goats in agricultural family farmers. Two studies were conducted: the first study was conducted in 37 properties distributed between the municipalities of Monteiro/PB, Quixadá/CE e Afonso Bezerra/RN and the second study was conducted on 14 properties in the city of Monteiro/PB. This evaluation of social and environmental impact was done using the methodology of the “Sistema de Avaliação de Impacto Ambiental de Inovações Tecnológicas Agropecuárias” (Ambitec-Agro), which were implemented two modules: Ambitec-Animal Production and Welfare. For the study two the data used in this study were obtained through questionnaires and interview with farmers, whose had attributed to each variable a specific value that represents the change provided by the implementation of that technology. The farmers expects that the adoption of Embrapa`s Milking Kit led to overall rates of positive environmental and social impacts, with the Monteiro region, the county showing a statistical difference at 5% level. The adoption of the Embrapa kit has generated positive environmental and social impacts on all properties, indicating that this technology is suitable and may be appropriate in family farming systems.

Detecção de Streptococcus spp. Utilizando a Técnica de REP-PCR no Monitoramento da Qualidade do Leite de Cabra em Sala de Ordenha

O presente estudo foi realizado, com o objetivo de aplicar a tecnica de REP-PCR no monitoramento da qualidade do leite de cabra, atraves da deteccao de Streptococcus spp., em amostras de maos de ordenhador, tetos das cabras, leite, ordenhadeira e agua, para o futuro estabelecimento e implantacao do sistema de Analise de Perigos e Pontos Criticos de Controle (APPCC). Verificaram-se varios fingerprints de todos os isolados coletados das diferentes fontes estudadas (maos de ordenhador, tetos das cabras, leite, ordenhadeira e agua). Observaram-se comportamentos muito similares das bandas indicando que os isolados podem ser relatados como clones epidemiologicos. As maos do ordenhador caracterizaram-se como ponto critico de controle, pois se destaca como iniciador de contaminacao nas amostras Streptococcus spp. A tecnica demonstrou ser eficiente para a analise da similaridade entre individuos da especie Streptococcus spp, sendo, portanto, uma ferramenta util para investigacao de falhas no manejo e consequentemente, na busca de um controle mais eficiente para evitar ou minimizar a disseminacao de microrganismos patogenicos causadores de serias enfermidades em humanos e animais, que muitas vezes podem ser transmitidas atraves de produtos como o leite e seus derivados. DOI: 10.15528/2176-4158/rcpa.v12n2p227-231