Loreto Maciá Soler

Local Anesthesia in Arterial Puncture: Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes

Objective Local anesthesia is rarely used in arterial puncture, even though it is recommended. The aim of this study was to examine attitudes and beliefs among nurses and third-year undergraduate nursing students in hospital training regarding the use of local anesthesia when performing arterial puncture and to assess their knowledge of the technique. Material and methods Nurses and nursing students were issued a 15-item questionnaire consisting of 2 parts. The first part contained questions on the nurses use of local anesthesia when extracting arterial blood for analysis and the second part involved questions regarding technical knowledge of this test. The results of nurses from the respiratory medicine department, nurses from the rest of the hospital, and nursing students were compared. Results The questionnaire was answered by the 131 the nurses surveyed. Valid questionnaires were returned by 17 of the 19 nursing students surveyed. Questionnaires returned by nurses from the respiratory medicine department (n=ll) were separated from those returned by the rest of nurses. Local anesthesia was used routinely by 7 nurses (5%), of whom 3 (27%) belonged to the respiratory medicine department; local anesthesia was not used by any of the nursing students. The main reasons given by nurses for not using local anesthesia were lack of knowledge (54%), need to perform 2 punctures when anesthesia is used (11%), belief that the same amount of pain is caused with anesthesia (8%), and success on the first attempt at arterial puncture (7%). The main reason given by student nurses for not using local anesthesia was also lack of knowledge (53%), followed by the fact that it was not used by the nurses (24%). Most of those surveyed (63%) indicated a desire to receive anesthesia should they undergo arterial puncture. Conclusions Local anesthesia is used very little in arterial puncture. Knowledge about how to perform arterial blood extraction for blood gas analysis is insufficient and needs to be improved among both nurses and nursing students. Nonetheless it is noteworthy that most of those surveyed indicated a preference for receiving local anesthesia if they were to undergo the procedure. These data should be taken into consideration when training nurses to perform arterial puncture.

Mayores institucionalizados: Valoración de la satisfacción y el bienestar en una residencia geriátrica religiosa

Este articulo explica como viven 24 personas mayores en una residencia geriatrica religiosa. Manifiestan que viven bien, en lo que cabe. Se sienten satisfechos, y consideran una suerte haber logrado una plaza en esa residencia. La vida en el hogar, como consideran y les gusta llamar a la residencia, les ha dado paz, sosiego y bienestar. En un segundo analisis de los resultados, se puede apreciar ambiguedad en los sentimientos de bienestar y puede explicar ese vivir bien en lo que cabe: la resignacion es lo que les ayuda a encontrarse bien. La entrevista y la observacion han sido las herramientas de la investigacion.

Comparative analysis of the psychometric parameters of two quality-of-life questionnaires, the SGRQ and CAT, in the assessment of patients with COPD exacerbations during hospitalization: A multicenter study

The aim of this study was to assess health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to discuss the different tools available for its assessment. The most widely used assessments are the St. George respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) and the COPD assessment test (CAT) questionnaire. Both have a different difficulty in exam completion, calculation, and scoring. No studies exist that analyze the validity and internal consistency of using both questionnaires on patients admitted to the hospital for a COPD exacerbation. A multicenter, cross-sectional analytic observational study of patients admitted to the hospital due to a COPD exacerbation (CIE 491.2). During their hospital stay, they were administered the SGRQ and the CAT questionnaire within the framework of a therapeutic education program (APRENDEPOC). Descriptive and comparative analysis, correlations between the scales (Pearson’s correlation index), consistency and reliability calculations (Cronbach’s α), and a forward stepwise multiple linear regression were performed, with significant correlations in both questionnaires considered p < 0.01 with the total scores. A statistical significance of p < 0.05 was assumed. Altogether, 231 patients were admitted for a COPD exacerbation (n = 77) at Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB) and (n = 154) at Hospital Universitario General of Castellón (HUGC). The sample profile was not homogeneous between both centers, with significant differences in HRQL between hospitals. Correlation were noted between both scales (p < 0.01), along with high levels of internal consistency and reliability (CAT 0.836 vs. SGRQ 0.827). The HRQL is related to dyspnea, wheezing, daytime drowsiness, and edema, as well as to the need to sleep in a sitting position, anxiety, depression, and dependence on others in the execution of daily activities. Our regression analysis showed that the SGRQ questionnaire could predict more changes in HRQL with a higher number of variables.

A new contribution to the classification of stressors affecting nursing professionals

Objective: to identify and classify the most important occupational stressors affecting nursing professionals in the medical units within a hospital. Method: quantitative-qualitative, descriptive and prospective study performed with Delphi technique in the medical units of a general university hospital, with a sample of 30 nursing professionals. Results: the stressors were work overload, frequent interruptions in the accomplishment of their tasks, night working, simultaneity of performing different tasks, not having enough time to give emotional support to the patient or lack of time for some patients who need it, among others. Conclusion: the most consensual stressors were ranked as work overload, frequent interruptions in the accomplishment of their tasks, night working and, finally, simultaneity of performing different tasks. These results can be used as a tool in the clinical management of hospital units, aiming to improve the quality of life of nursing professionals, organizational models and, in addition, continuous improvement in clinical treatment.Objective: to identify and classify the most important occupational stressors affecting nursing professionals in the medical units within a hospital. Method: quantitative-qualitative, descriptive and prospective study performed with Delphi technique in the medical units of a general university hospital, with a sample of 30 nursing professionals. Results: the stressors were work overload, frequent interruptions in the accomplishment of their tasks, night working, simultaneity of performing different tasks, not having enough time to give emotional support to the patient or lack of time for some patients who need it, among others. Conclusion: the most consensual stressors were ranked as work overload, frequent interruptions in the accomplishment of their tasks, night working and, finally, simultaneity of performing different tasks. These results can be used as a tool in the clinical management of hospital units, aiming to improve the quality of life of nursing professionals, organizational models and, in addition, continuous improvement in clinical treatment.Objetivo: identificar y clasificar los principales factores laborales más estresantes que afectan a los profesionales de enfermería en las unidades médicas del hospital. Método: estudio cuanticualitativo, descriptivo, prospectivo realizado con técnica Delphi en las unidades médicas de un hospital general universitario, con una muestra de 30 profesionales de enfermería. Resultados: los factores estresantes fueron la sobrecarga laboral, interrupciones frecuentes en la realización de sus tareas, trabajar en horario nocturno, la simultaneidad de ejecutar tareas distintas, no tener tiempo suficiente para dar apoyo emocional al paciente o falta de tiempo para algunos pacientes que lo necesiten, entre otros. Conclusión: se clasificaron los factores estresantes de mayor consenso siendo primero la sobrecarga laboral, interrupciones frecuentes en la realización de sus tareas, trabajar en horario nocturno y, finalmente, la simultaneidad de ejecutar tareas distintas. Estos resultados pueden utilizarse como una herramienta en el manejo clínico de las unidades hospitalarias, con el fin de mejorar la calidad de vida del profesional de enfermería, los modelos organizativos y, además, la mejora continua en el tratamiento clínico.

Uma nova contribuição para a classificação dos fatores estressores que afetam os profissionais de enfermagem

Objective: to identify and classify the most important occupational stressors affecting nursing professionals in the medical units within a hospital. Method: quantitative-qualitative, descriptive and prospective study performed with Delphi technique in the medical units of a general university hospital, with a sample of 30 nursing professionals. Results: the stressors were work overload, frequent interruptions in the accomplishment of their tasks, night working, simultaneity of performing different tasks, not having enough time to give emotional support to the patient or lack of time for some patients who need it, among others. Conclusion: the most consensual stressors were ranked as work overload, frequent interruptions in the accomplishment of their tasks, night working and, finally, simultaneity of performing different tasks. These results can be used as a tool in the clinical management of hospital units, aiming to improve the quality of life of nursing professionals, organizational models and, in addition, continuous improvement in clinical treatment.Objective: to identify and classify the most important occupational stressors affecting nursing professionals in the medical units within a hospital. Method: quantitative-qualitative, descriptive and prospective study performed with Delphi technique in the medical units of a general university hospital, with a sample of 30 nursing professionals. Results: the stressors were work overload, frequent interruptions in the accomplishment of their tasks, night working, simultaneity of performing different tasks, not having enough time to give emotional support to the patient or lack of time for some patients who need it, among others. Conclusion: the most consensual stressors were ranked as work overload, frequent interruptions in the accomplishment of their tasks, night working and, finally, simultaneity of performing different tasks. These results can be used as a tool in the clinical management of hospital units, aiming to improve the quality of life of nursing professionals, organizational models and, in addition, continuous improvement in clinical treatment.Objetivo: identificar y clasificar los principales factores laborales más estresantes que afectan a los profesionales de enfermería en las unidades médicas del hospital. Método: estudio cuanticualitativo, descriptivo, prospectivo realizado con técnica Delphi en las unidades médicas de un hospital general universitario, con una muestra de 30 profesionales de enfermería. Resultados: los factores estresantes fueron la sobrecarga laboral, interrupciones frecuentes en la realización de sus tareas, trabajar en horario nocturno, la simultaneidad de ejecutar tareas distintas, no tener tiempo suficiente para dar apoyo emocional al paciente o falta de tiempo para algunos pacientes que lo necesiten, entre otros. Conclusión: se clasificaron los factores estresantes de mayor consenso siendo primero la sobrecarga laboral, interrupciones frecuentes en la realización de sus tareas, trabajar en horario nocturno y, finalmente, la simultaneidad de ejecutar tareas distintas. Estos resultados pueden utilizarse como una herramienta en el manejo clínico de las unidades hospitalarias, con el fin de mejorar la calidad de vida del profesional de enfermería, los modelos organizativos y, además, la mejora continua en el tratamiento clínico.

Segurança do paciente no centro cirúrgico e qualidade documental relacionadas à infecção cirúrgica e à hospitalização

Objective: To describe the documentary quality of two records related to patient safety in the operating room and to identify differences between information related to infection and hospitalization. Methods: Comparative study based on two cross sections, conducted with 3,033 patients who had been hospitalized for more than 24 hours in an Orthopedics and Traumatology Center. Sociodemographic and clinical data, as well as information provided in forms were compared. Postoperative infection was identified as an adverse event. Results: There was a significant correlation between hospitalization days and the total number of diagnoses collected (Pearson=0.328; p<0.001). When diagnoses and infections were grouped together, a significant value was found between closed fractures and infection (p=0.001). Conclusion: Differences in the degree of completion were observed between the two records. There were no differences between adverse events.

Perspectiva enfermera sobre la complejidad de la coordinación sociosanitaria en la atención de enfermos crónicos

OBJETIVO: Describir la experiencia de los profesionales de enfermeria en relacion a las dificultades encontradas y los futuros retos de la coordinacion asistencial dentro del Servicio Madrileno de Salud (SERMAS) para garantizar una atencion integral al enfermo cronico (EC). METODO: Estudio observacional-descriptivo con metodologia cualitativa, realizado en el ambito de la atencion primaria del SERMAS, en 2013. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante observacion participante, entrevistas en profundidad y grupo de discusion, con profesionales sanitarios seleccionados mediante un muestreo intencional y amplia experiencia en el cuidado y gestion de EC. Para el analisis de los datos se realizo un analisis tematico siguiendo las cuatro fases propuestas por Morse y Field (1995). En todo el proceso se tuvieron en cuenta los criterios de calidad descritos por Calderon (2002): adecuacion epistemologica y metodologica, relevancia, validez y reflexividad. RESULTADOS: Los resultados se agrupan en 2 temas: (1) Dificultades para una coordinacion de calidad y (2) retos en la coordinacion sociosanitaria. Observamos que existe un escaso desarrollo del marco politico competencial sobre las estrategias que posicionan a la enfermeria como el profesional clave de la atencion al EC y permiten su visibilizacion social, de iniciativas de mejora basadas en evidencias cientificas, multiples barreras profesionales, organizativas, estructurales, de diseno tecnologico, relacion y gestion que obstaculizan el cambio en la continuidad de cuidados. Existen retos futuros dirigidos a empoderar a los enfermeros reconociendo su liderazgo por parte de la Administracion, promover el trabajo colaborativo y adoptar un paradigma de asociacion con exito en los equipos multidisciplinares dirigidos por enfermeros y centrados en los pacientes, mejorar las estrategias de coordinacion interniveles asistenciales garantizando eficiencia y calidad, fomentar el empoderamiento de pacientes mediante la autogestion de los cuidados, asi como crear sistemas de comunicacion e informacion compatibles.