Luana Araújo Sabino

Comportamento suíno influenciado por dois modelos de maternidade

In this study two models of motherhood were evaluated. A model (MOD 1) consisted of two similar rooms, each room was made up of eight individual breed cells. The creep was of brick with wooden lid and floor heating by electrical resistance. The rooms of second model (MOD 2), consisted of 20 individual cells breeder, where only 16 were evaluated. The creep of wood was heated by 60 W incandescent lamp. The environmental conditions of the rooms and the interior of creep were assessed. The behavior of the piglets was assessed in the hall environment and creep. Generally, the more favorable environment for the piglets was in MOD 1 with the higher values of temperature and humidity within the comfort zone. The floor temperature of creep of MOD 2 was the one which provided the best results. The most observed behavior in the piglets was to stay inside the creep area and cluster of lying. The theme of this study needs further research, taking into account variables that may affect the temperature inside the creep area such as the material used in construction of shelter and heat exchange among the piglets.

INFLUENCE OF ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING IN THE OCCURRENCE OF DIARRHEA IN SWINE IN THE NURSERY PHASE IN SUMMER AND WINTER

This study the effect of artificial lighting on the sanitary condition of pigs during the nursery phase through the occurrence and duration of diarrhea in summer and winter were evaluated. For the analysis of the piglets with diarrhea, it was calculated the average number of days as well as the number of animals with diarrhea. These two variables were calculated for the first week and the total period of the experiment. Once a day the physical characteristics of the feces were observed by visual analysis, with the following criteria: hard consistency stool (0), normal (1), pasty (2) and aqueous (3). To facilitate the statistical analysis, scores 0 and 1 were considered as non-diarrheic feces and scores 2 and 3 were considered as diarrheic feces. For the number of days and the percentage of animals with diarrhea, only differences were found between the seasons. There was no influence of lighting programs on the incidence of diarrhea in piglets in the nursery phase.

INFLUENCE OF ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING IN THE ZOOTECHNICAL PERFORMANCE OF PIGS IN THE NURSERY PHASE IN PERIODS OF WINTER AND SUMMER

This study evaluated the effect of artificial lighting on the zootechnical performance of pigs during the nursery phase in the summer and winter. The daily variables feed intake and weight gain were collected at different times. In the first week, measurement was daily. After the first week, performance was measured every seven days. In relation to daily feed intake (CRD) it is possible to notice that there were no significant differences (p<0.05). In GPD differences were found (p<0.05) where all programs, at least once, proved to be superior. The lighting programs tested showed no influence on the zootechnical performance of the piglets in nursery phase. Since there are contradictory results in other studies, it is necessary to conduct more research on the subject.

Frequency of comfort temperature and humidity in the early phase of swine in different lighting programs during the winter and summer.

The current work sought to evaluate the frequency of comfort temperature and humidity for pigs in farms during the nursery phase with artificial lighting programs during winter and summer. The dry bulb temperature data (DBT) and relative air humidity (RH) were obtained with a multifunction device, model TESTO® 410-2. These variables were collected one day / week at intervals of 3 hours, both inside and outside the nursery, totaling 5 days collection in the course of each repetition. In general, the average temperature was higher in programs 23L, 1E and 16L:8E. The average weekly relative humidity values showed a behavior opposite to the TBS. The cause of the rise in temperature was not well understood and may have been as a result of the heat generated by lights, greater agitation of the animals which in turn generated more heat, variation of bell-jars or other factor that could not be observed in this study.

Evaluation of Heating Systems Creep Area for Piglets in the Winter

The objective of this study was to evaluate different heating systems in the creep area for piglets. The heating systems evaluated consisted of: 1) 200 W incandescent lamp and, 2) electric resistance built into the floor. The variables studied were: temperature and humidity and its coefficient of daily variation (CV) and thermal comfort, taking into account the requirements of the animals for temperature and humidity in a weekly basis. Means were obtained primarily for week, group, heating system and replication (littermake). Data were analyzed using the of mixed procedure of SAS for repeated measures, considering the effects of group, heating system, week and interaction between the last two factors. The creep with resistance built into the floor showed higher temperature compared to the creep with incandescent lamp. Both heating systems showed the same cyclic pattern of temperature. The total difference in temperature averaged 1,2°C higher for the electric resistance. In the creep area with resistance in to the floor, more uniformity and dryness, with humidity near 60% were observed throughout the experimental period compared to the creep with incandescent lamp. The temperature range of both heating systems was high and the creep with incandescent lamp showed greater variability. The temperature of the rooms were below the comfort conditions of piglets every week. The room with the creep equipped with resistance showed an average temperature 0,9°C lower than the room with creep using incandescent lamp. The electric resistance built into the floor provides better thermal comfort for piglets.