Lucilene Cardoso

Perspectivas atuais sobre a sobrecarga do cuidador em saúde mental

A systematic literature review was performed regarding the burden on mental health caregivers. The studies were selected from the Virtual Health Library - Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), using the keyword caregiver burden. The main criteria for this study were: full-text articles published between 2000 and 2010, in Portuguese, English or Spanish; indexed on the BVS databases; which investigated the burden of mental health caregivers, and had caregivers as the main subject. The analysis was performed considering the following: title, year of publication, objectives, methodological approach, instruments and main results. The analysis of 114 full-text articles showed the predominant objectives were the burden on informal caregivers and the validation of psychometric scales, particularly the Zarit Scale. Some studies showed an association between high levels of burden, feelings of guilt and depressive symptoms. On the other hand, psycho-educational interventions were indicated as having a positive impact. This theme has a growing scientific interest and there is a need for deeper studies addressing formal caregivers.A systematic literature review was performed regarding the burden on mental health caregivers. The studies were selected from the Virtual Health Library - Biblioteca Virtual de Saude (BVS), using the keyword caregiver burden. The main criteria for this study were: full-text articles published between 2000 and 2010, in Portuguese, English or Spanish; indexed on the BVS databases; which investigated the burden of mental health caregivers, and had caregivers as the main subject. The analysis was performed considering the following: title, year of publication, objectives, methodological approach, instruments and main results. The analysis of 114 full-text articles showed the predominant objectives were the burden on informal caregivers and the validation of psychometric scales, particularly the Zarit Scale. Some studies showed an association between high levels of burden, feelings of guilt and depressive symptoms. On the other hand, psycho-educational interventions were indicated as having a positive impact. This theme has a growing scientific interest and there is a need for deeper studies addressing formal caregivers.

Doentes mentais e seu perfil de adesão ao tratamento psicofarmacológico

Non-compliance with drug-based treatment is a complex and universal phenomenon that develops gradually during psychiatric treatments, and is related to disease aggravation. The purpose of this study was to describe the profile of using a given medication in the clientele of a community mental healthcare service and its characteristics. We performed a retrospective study in the medical records of patients who used Haloperidol Decanoate in a period of 1 year and 8 months. 167 medical records were analyzed. 60% of the patients presented irregular use of medication, which reflects in high risks of relapse and re-hospitalizations. This profile configures low compliance with the prescribed drug treatment, leading to reflections about which factors influence this behavior and which measures could be implemented in the maintenance of extra-hospital treatment for these patients.A nao adesao ao tratamento medicamentoso e um fenomeno complexo e universal que se desenvolve gradualmente no curso dos tratamentos psiquiatricos e esta relacionado ao agravamento das doencas. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o perfil de utilizacao de um psicofarmaco na clientela de um servico de saude mental comunitario e suas caracteristicas. Realizamos um estudo retrospectivo, nos prontuarios de pacientes que fizeram uso de Decanoato de Haloperidol, num periodo de 1 ano e 8 meses. Analisamos 167 prontuarios. O uso irregular da medicacao esteve presente em 60% dos pacientes e reflete um grande risco para ocorrencia de recaidas e reinternacoes. Este perfil configura uma baixa adesao ao tratamento medicamentoso prescrito, o que remete a reflexao sobre quais fatores estao influenciando este comportamento e quais medidas podem ser implementadas na manutencao do tratamento extra-hospitalar destas pessoas.

O cuidado em saúde mental na atualidade

The objective of this study was to identify the sociodemographic characteristics of caregivers to people who have been discharged from psychiatric hospitalization. A quantitative exploratory study was performed at an outpatient clinic of a mental health service. The sample consisted of patients who had been discharged and their caregivers. A questionnaire was used, and the study was approved by the local research ethics committee. Of the 48 discharged patients, 21 had a caregiver. All the identified caregivers were relatives of the patients, and their average age was 46.6 years. In 38% of cases, the patients mother was the caregiver. In terms of marital status, 61.9% of the caregivers were married or living in common-law relationships, and only one caregiver did not have children. The main source of income for 28.6% of the participants was temporary keeping eventual jobs. By knowing who is the caregiver of a patient discharged from psychiatric hospitalization it is possible to identify the characteristics that may help to determine the best treatment and professional support for that population.The objective of this study was to identify the sociodemographic characteristics of caregivers to people who have been discharged from psychiatric hospitalization. A quantitative exploratory study was performed at an outpatient clinic of a mental health service. The sample consisted of patients who had been discharged and their caregivers. A questionnaire was used, and the study was approved by the local research ethics committee. Of the 48 discharged patients, 21 had a caregiver. All the identified caregivers were relatives of the patients, and their average age was 46.6 years. In 38% of cases, the patients mother was the caregiver. In terms of marital status, 61.9% of the caregivers were married or living in common-law relationships, and only one caregiver did not have children. The main source of income for 28.6% of the participants was temporary keeping eventual jobs. By knowing who is the caregiver of a patient discharged from psychiatric hospitalization it is possible to identify the characteristics that may help to determine the best treatment and professional support for that population.

Internação psiquiátrica e a manutenção do tratamento extra-hospitalar

O objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar caracteristicas comuns entre pessoas que tiveram alta hospitalar de internacao psiquiatrica recente. Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo exploratorio em um servico ambulatorial de saude mental. A amostra foi composta por pacientes egressos de internacao. Utilizou-se um questionario e a pesquisa foi aprovada pelo CEP. Estrevistou-se 48 pacientes com idade media de 39 anos. Diagnosticos de Esquizofrenia e Transtornos Esquizotipicos foram prevalentes em 33,3% da amostra. Em media treze pacientes recebem alta de internacao psiquiatrica hospitalar ao mes e 62,5% deles tinham internacoes anteriores. No periodo, 12,5% da amostra necessitou de reinternacao. A internacao psiquiatrica demonstrou ser um recurso necessario aos momentos de crise e parte da manutencao do tratamento psiquiatrico, principalmente dos transtornos mentais graves. O que evidencia a necessidade de uma manutencao adequada do tratamento nos servicos de atendimento comunitario para que a necessidade de reinternacoes seja evitada.

Adesão ao tratamento psicofarmacológico

Nesta revisao de literatura procuramos identificar os principais conteudos relacionados a adesao do doente mental ao tratamento psicofarmacologico: definicoes, implicacoes, resultados. Realizamos a revisao bibliografica nas bases Medline e Pubmed com as palavras chave adesao, medicacao antipsicotica e doenca mental. Foram selecionados 52 trabalhos. A maioria deles (73 %) buscou identificar fatores que podem influenciar adesao aos tratamentos. Os 27% restantes buscaram avaliar a influencia de intervencoes profissionais na adesao. Os principais fatores relatados relacionaram-se ao paciente, tipo de medicamento, fatores sociais. Com respeito as intervencoes, aquelas que combinaram estrategias educacionais e comportamentais foram mais eficientes. Descritores: Adesao a diretivas antecipadas; Agentes antipsicoticos; Saude mental; Avaliacao em enfermagem; Enfermagem psiquiatrica

Perfil dos idosos atendidos em um centro de atenção psicossocial: álcool e outras drogas

The objective was to identify the profile of the elderly at the Center for Psychosocial Care - alcohol and other drugs in Ribeirao Preto SP, in the period of 1996 to 2009. The methodological design was the descriptive retrospective study based on secondary data. The sample consisted of 191 (3.2%) customer over 60 years assisted in the service. The sample was characterized by elders with a mean age of 64 years, predominantly male, with low educational level, 78.4% had primary school and 86% were retired. The most commonly drugs used were alcohol, marijuana, crack and cocaine. It concludes that the number of elderly who seeks for expert assistance is very low. Studies of this nature are important to assess the needs of this group in the clear growth as well as the use of psychoactive substances for planning effective practices.O objetivo do estudo foi identificar o perfil dos idosos usuarios de substâncias psicoativas atendidos no Centro de Atencao Psicossocial de alcool e drogas no interior paulista, no periodo de 1996 a 2009. O desenho metodologico e descritivo, do tipo retrospectivo, baseado em dados secundarios. A amostra foi composta por 191 clientes com idade acima de 60 anos, que correspondem a 3,2% de todos os atendidos no referido servico. Os idosos caracterizaram-se por serem predominantemente do sexo masculino; a media de idade foi 64 anos, com baixo nivel de escolaridade; 78,4% tinham ate o ensino fundamental; e 86% eram aposentados. As drogas de maior uso foram: o alcool, a maconha, o crack e a cocaina. Conclui-se que o numero de idosos que buscam assistencia especializada e muito baixo. Estudos dessa natureza sao importantes para avaliar as necessidades desse grupo em evidente crescimento, bem como o uso de substâncias psicoativas para o planejamento de praticas efetivas.

Esquizofrenia: adesão ao tratamento e crenças sobre o transtorno e terapêutica medicamentosa

This study verified the adherence of people with schizophrenia to the medication, identified and compared their beliefs about the disorder and the drug among patients who adhered and those who did not. Participants were 14 patients of a psychiatric outpatient clinic. Semi-structured interviews and the Morisky-Green test were performed. The data was analyzed using a quali-quantitative approach. Results showed that 64.3% of patients do not adhere to treatment. Most participants considered the drug capable of reducing the seriousness and severity of the disorder. However, the drawbacks for patients that did not adhere to the treatment were more expressive. Side effects were the cause for interrupting the treatment for 80% of patients who intentionally did not adhere to treatment. It was observed there is insufficient knowledge about schizophrenia and the drug treatment. Patients referred to faith as a strategy to cope with the process they were experiencing. This study points at the need for strategies directed towards the promotion of drug treatment adherence among people with schizophrenia.This study verified the adherence of people with schizophrenia to the medication, identified and compared their beliefs about the disorder and the drug among patients who adhered and those who did not. Participants were 14 patients of a psychiatric outpatient clinic. Semi-structured interviews and the Morisky-Green test were performed. The data was analyzed using a quali-quantitative approach. Results showed that 64.3% of patients do not adhere to treatment. Most participants considered the drug capable of reducing the seriousness and severity of the disorder. However, the drawbacks for patients that did not adhere to the treatment were more expressive. Side effects were the cause for interrupting the treatment for 80% of patients who intentionally did not adhere to treatment. It was observed there is insufficient knowledge about schizophrenia and the drug treatment. Patients referred to faith as a strategy to cope with the process they were experiencing. This study points at the need for strategies directed towards the promotion of drug treatment adherence among people with schizophrenia.

Adherence level and knowledge about psychopharmacological treatment among patients discharged from psychiatric internment

Correspondencia: Lucilene Cardoso Universidade de Sao Paulo. Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirao Preto Departamento de Enfermagem Psiquiatrica e Ciencias Humanas Av. dos Bandeirantes, 3900 Bairro: Monte Alegre CEP: 14040-902, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brasil E-mail: lucilene@eerp.usp.br Grado de adhesion y conocimiento sobre tratamiento psicofarmacologico entre pacientes egresados de internacion psiquiatricaThis exploratory, descriptive and prospective study aimed to identify the degree of adherence to psychopharmacological treatment of patients who were discharged from psychiatric hospitalization and their knowledge about their prescription and diagnosis. The study was carried out at a Mental Health Service. The sample consisted of all service clients who were discharged from psychiatric hospitalization in the data collection period. A Sociodemographic Questionnaire and the Morisky-Green Test were the instruments used. Data were analyzed through central trend measures. In total, 48 patients participated in the study. Regarding adherence, 70.8% of them showed a low adherence level to psychopharmacological treatment. Moreover, only twenty-one patients knew what their diagnosis was and most did not know or partially knew the name and dose of all prescribed medications.

Schizophrenia: adherence to treatment and beliefs about the disorder and the drug treatment

This study verified the adherence of people with schizophrenia to the medication, identified and compared their beliefs about the disorder and the drug among patients who adhered and those who did not. Participants were 14 patients of a psychiatric outpatient clinic. Semi-structured interviews and the Morisky-Green test were performed. The data was analyzed using a quali-quantitative approach. Results showed that 64.3% of patients do not adhere to treatment. Most participants considered the drug capable of reducing the seriousness and severity of the disorder. However, the drawbacks for patients that did not adhere to the treatment were more expressive. Side effects were the cause for interrupting the treatment for 80% of patients who intentionally did not adhere to treatment. It was observed there is insufficient knowledge about schizophrenia and the drug treatment. Patients referred to faith as a strategy to cope with the process they were experiencing. This study points at the need for strategies directed towards the promotion of drug treatment adherence among people with schizophrenia.This study verified the adherence of people with schizophrenia to the medication, identified and compared their beliefs about the disorder and the drug among patients who adhered and those who did not. Participants were 14 patients of a psychiatric outpatient clinic. Semi-structured interviews and the Morisky-Green test were performed. The data was analyzed using a quali-quantitative approach. Results showed that 64.3% of patients do not adhere to treatment. Most participants considered the drug capable of reducing the seriousness and severity of the disorder. However, the drawbacks for patients that did not adhere to the treatment were more expressive. Side effects were the cause for interrupting the treatment for 80% of patients who intentionally did not adhere to treatment. It was observed there is insufficient knowledge about schizophrenia and the drug treatment. Patients referred to faith as a strategy to cope with the process they were experiencing. This study points at the need for strategies directed towards the promotion of drug treatment adherence among people with schizophrenia.

The current perspectives regarding the burden on mental health caregivers

A systematic literature review was performed regarding the burden on mental health caregivers. The studies were selected from the Virtual Health Library - Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), using the keyword caregiver burden. The main criteria for this study were: full-text articles published between 2000 and 2010, in Portuguese, English or Spanish; indexed on the BVS databases; which investigated the burden of mental health caregivers, and had caregivers as the main subject. The analysis was performed considering the following: title, year of publication, objectives, methodological approach, instruments and main results. The analysis of 114 full-text articles showed the predominant objectives were the burden on informal caregivers and the validation of psychometric scales, particularly the Zarit Scale. Some studies showed an association between high levels of burden, feelings of guilt and depressive symptoms. On the other hand, psycho-educational interventions were indicated as having a positive impact. This theme has a growing scientific interest and there is a need for deeper studies addressing formal caregivers.A systematic literature review was performed regarding the burden on mental health caregivers. The studies were selected from the Virtual Health Library - Biblioteca Virtual de Saude (BVS), using the keyword caregiver burden. The main criteria for this study were: full-text articles published between 2000 and 2010, in Portuguese, English or Spanish; indexed on the BVS databases; which investigated the burden of mental health caregivers, and had caregivers as the main subject. The analysis was performed considering the following: title, year of publication, objectives, methodological approach, instruments and main results. The analysis of 114 full-text articles showed the predominant objectives were the burden on informal caregivers and the validation of psychometric scales, particularly the Zarit Scale. Some studies showed an association between high levels of burden, feelings of guilt and depressive symptoms. On the other hand, psycho-educational interventions were indicated as having a positive impact. This theme has a growing scientific interest and there is a need for deeper studies addressing formal caregivers.