Luiz Carlos Takita

Modulation of transforming growth factor beta2 (TGF-beta2) by inositol hexaphosphate in colon carcinogenesis in rats

PURPOSE To evaluate modulation in the expression of Transforming growth factor beta2 (TGF-beta2) in short-term colon carcinogenesis. METHODS 64 male rats was used, comprising 4 groups of 16 animals each: group 1 received Inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) and azoxymethane (AOM); group 2, AOM alone; group 3, IP6 alone; group 4 was used as control. Groups 1 and 3 were given 1% IP6 in drinking water for 6 weeks. AOM was administered subcutaneously at weeks 3 and 4 of the experiment at 20 mg/kg of body weight each week. Immunohistochemical processing was performed with the use of anti-TGF-beta2 primary antibodies in right colon samples and quantitation of TGF-beta2 as percentage of expression, through computer-assisted image processing. RESULTS mean values of TGF-beta2 expression were 9.0 +/- 3.9% for group 4 (control), 12.7 +/- 4.0% for group 3 (IP6), 19.3 +/- 6.2% for group 2 (AOM), and 13.1 +/- 5.3% for group 1 (IP6+AOM). The value of p was calculated as 0.0001 for a 5% or lower significance level. CONCLUSION the experiment revealed a significant increase in TGF-beta2 expression in right colon with the administration of AOM, and a significant decrease in TGF-beta2 expression when IP6 was administered with AOM.

Treatment of toxic epidermal necrolysis with intravenous immunoglobulin: a series of three cases

Stevens-Johnsons syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are life-threatening dermatoses, that lead to keratinocyte apoptosis induced by interactions between Fas (cell death receptor) and soluble Fas-ligand, present in serum of Stevens-Johnsons syndrome / toxic epidermal necrolysis patients. Anti-Fas antibodies in intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) would block the apoptosis cascade. Three cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis occurred in one male and two female patients, after use of allopurinol, leprosy multidrug therapy concomitant with dipyrone, and diclofenac. The cases were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin 2-3 mg/kg and prednisone 20-50 mg/day. The interruption of new lesions outbreak and reepithelization were extremely fast after the use of intravenous immunoglobulin, without adverse effects. Controlled studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin in Stevens-Johnsons syndrome / toxic epidermal necrolysis, but the results seem promising.

Apoptotic effects of inositol hexaphosphate on biomarker Itpr3 in induced colon rat carcinogenesis

PURPOSE To study the effect of the modulation of inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) in the biological immunohistochemistry expression of cellular signaling marker apoptosis, in model of carcinogenesis of colon induced by azoxymethane (AOM). METHODS Wistar rats (N=112) distributed in 4 groups (n=28): Control; B, AOM (5 mg kg-1, 2x, to break week 3); C, IP6 (in water 1%, six weeks); D, IP6+AOM. Weekly euthanasia (n=7), from week three. Immunohistochemistry of ascendant colon with biological marker inositol 1,4,5 triphosphate receptor type III (Itpr3). Quantification of the immune-expression with use of computer-assisted image processing. Analysis statistics of the means between groups, weeks in groups, groups in weeks, and established significance when p<or=0.05. RESULTS One proved significant difference between groups in the expression of Itpr3, p<0.0001; with Itpr3 reduction of BxD group, p<0.001. CONCLUSION Inositol hexaphosphate promotes modulation of biological markers with reduction of Itpr3 in carcinogenesis of colon.

Estudo do reparo ósseo com matriz óssea bovina desvitalizada e calcitonina em ratos

SUMMARYPURPOSE: To study the effect of the calcitonina in the repair of femoral defect fulfilled with bovine bonedevitalized matrix and calcitonin in rats. METHODS : Forty eight adult male Wistar rats were distributed into two group with 24 animals. Bilateralfemoral defects with 2mm of diameter were produced in the femoral shaft and fulfilled with bovine bonedevitalized matrix. The experimental group received calcitonin 0,05mL intramuscular, in the immediatepostoperative period; the control group received 0,05mL of saline solution. The animals were sacrificed with7, 14 and 21 days and the femurs were submitted the clinical, microscopic and histometric evaluation. Thedata was submitted a statistical evaluation with Student “t”, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney. RESULTS : The clinical results didn’t show difference between the control and experimental groups. In theoptical microscopy the defects showed inflammatory reaction and active bony formation in the proximities ofthe bovine bony fragments. The quantitative analysis showed larger bony formation in the initial phases of thereparative osteogenesis in the experimental group (Z=4,82 and Z=4,43), without differences in relation to theinflammatory reaction in both groups.

Osteointegração de osso bovino desvitalizado, hidroxiapatita de coral, poliuretana de mamona e enxerto autógeno em coelhos

PURPOSE: To study comparatively devitalized bovine bone, porous coralline hydroxyapatite, castor beans polyurethane implants and autograft in the repair of 6x10mm bony defect in femur of rabbits. METHODS: Ninety six New Zealand rabbits were distributed in 4 groups conforms the material of replacement of the bony defect. After following of 4 and 12 weeks, the pieces were submitted the macroscopic, microscopic, radiographic, tomographic and histometric analysis. To data was applied Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, Fisher, t-Student and qui-square statistical tests. RESULTS: The autograft showed greatest osteogenic potential; the devitalized bovine bone produces larger inflammatory reaction, larger number of cystic cavities and slowness integration; the porous coralline hydroxyapatite maintains the initial radiodensity; devitalized bovine bone and castor beans polyurethane implants showed increased radiodensities as they were invaded by the bony formation. CONCLUSION: Devitalized bovine bone implants induces slower bony formation, when compared to the autograft, porous coralline hydroxyapatite and castor beans polyurethane implants.

Pigmented Bowen’s disease: a case report of an unusual variant

Bowens disease is a squamous cell carcinoma in situ with the potential to turn into invasive carcinoma. Pigmented Bowens disease is an unusual variant, with few reported in the literature, and becomes a problem in the differential diagnosis with other pigmented tumors. We reported the case of a white female patient, 73-year-old, with a brownish asymmetric plaque, with more than one color, in the right upper limb, with 2-years of follow up.

Disseminated cutaneous atypical mycobacteriosis by M. chelonae after sclerotherapy of varicose veins in a immunocompetent patient: a case report

Atypical mycobacteria are saprophytic organisms not transmitted from person to person, which affect mainly immunosuppressed but also immunocompetent individuals. We present a case of atypical mycobacteriosis after a vascular procedure, with widespread cutaneous lesions associated with polyarthralgia. Mycobacterium chelonae was identified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The patient showed improvement after treatment with three antibiotics. Mycobacterium chelonae causes skin lesions after invasive procedures. The clinical form depends on the immune state of the host and on the entry points. The diagnosis is based essentially on culture and the mycobacteria is identified by PCR. We highlight the importance of investigating atypical mycobacteriosis when faced with granulomatous lesions associated with a history of invasive procedures.

Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma on the face

Leiomyosarcoma is a rare skin tumor, most common in white men in the fifth to eighth decades of life. Primary tumors are classified in dermal or subcutaneous, that differ by clinical and prognostic features. They may appear on any site of the body, but are rare on the face. A 54-year-old female was admitted with a 5cm exophytic nodular lesion of 8 months duration on the right cheek, site of previous chronic radiodermatitis. Histopathology revealed spindle-shaped cell neoplasia, positive for smooth muscle actin on immunohistochemistry. Cutaneous leiomyosarcomas on the face are rare and may occur in previously irradiated areas. Immunohistochemistry is mandatory for an accurate diagnosis. Its similarity with other tumors may complicate the diagnosis, with delay expansion of the tumor.Leiomyosarcoma is a rare skin tumor, most common in white men in the fifth to eighth decades of life. Primary tumors are classified in dermal or subcutaneous, that differ by clinical and prognostic features. They may appear on any site of the body, but are rare on the face. A 54-year-old female was admitted with a 5cm exophytic nodular lesion of 8 months duration on the right cheek, site of previous chronic radiodermatitis. Histopathology revealed spindle-shaped cell neoplasia, positive for smooth muscle actin on immunohistochemistry. Cutaneous leiomyosarcomas on the face are rare and may occur in previously irradiated areas. Immunohistochemistry is mandatory for an accurate diagnosis. Its similarity with other tumors may complicate the diagnosis, with delay expansion of the tumor.

Verrucous lepromatous leprosy: a rare form of presentation - Report on two cases

Leprosy skin lesions are described as hypochromic or erythematous macules, pale erythematous or reddish-brown plaques, papules, nodules, and diffuse cutaneous infiltration, depending on the clinical form of the disease. They may be accompanied by hypo or anesthesia, alopecia, and hypo or anhidrosis. Verrucous lesions are now quite uncommon in leprosy. The literature is sparse, with only 25 reported cases of this association, especially in the lepromatous pole of the disease. This work is a report on two cases of lepromatous leprosy of long evolution, coursing with vegetant verrucous lesions.

American tegumentary leishmaniasis - a case of therapeutic challenge

American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) is a chronic, non-contagious, infectious disease affecting millions of people worldwide. The timely and proper treatment is of great importance to prevent the disease from progressing to destructive and severe forms. Treatment for ATL recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health is similar for the whole country, regardless of the species of Leishmania. It is known that the response to treatment may vary with the strain of the parasite, the immune status of the patient and clinical form. We report the case of a healthy patient, coming from Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil, who presented resistance to treatment with N-methyl-glutamine and liposomal amphotericin B, only being healed after using pentamidine.