M. F. S. Borba

Produção de carne em ovinos de cinco genótipos. 5. Estimativas de qualidade e peso de carcaça através do peso vivo

The work was carried out at the Centro de Pesquisa de Pecuaria dos Campos Sulbrasileiros (CPPSUL) of EMBRAPA, Bage, RS, Brazil, with the participation of the FAEM/UFPel, Departamento de Zootecnia, Pelotas, RS, Brazil, during 1994/96. It was used a total of 117 male lambs of the Texel (n =26), Romney Marsh (n =24), Corriedale (n =26), Polwarth (n =23) and Merino (n=18) breeds, born and raised up to weaning (10 weeks) on native pasture (mainly composed by Paspalum notatum Flugge e Axonopus affinis Chase). After weaning, besides the native pasture, all lambs were fed with 200 g/lamb/day of a concentrate containing 17% of crude protein and 75% of dry matter basis, until slaughtering at 7,5 months of age. The between breed relationship of liveweight with carcass weight and some indicators of carcass quality were examined. The results showed that the regression coefficients of carcass weight on slaughtering weight were similar, however, there were differences on the height of the regression lines, derived from values of both Texel and Romney lambs. By increasing liveweight: a) there was no effect on carcass fat content; but carcass cover fat varied in the Romney breed, b) carcass conformation was not affect in Corriedale and Romney Marsh lambs and c) carcass compacity was affected in Polwarth, Corriedale, Romney Marsh and Texel lambs.

Avaliação de impacto ambiental em nascentes do Alto Camaquã a partir de uma análise multivariada

Devido a carencia de sistemas de captacao de agua no territorio do Alto Camaqua, a utilizacao direta de nascentes como fonte de agua tornou-se a solucao mais viavel para o abastecimento humano e dessedentacao animal. Localizada a montante da Bacia hidrografica do Camaqua, o controle desenfreado dos usos destes afloramentos ocasiona impactos, podendo comprometer a dinâmica do ciclo hidrologico, visto que, geologicamente, a regiao e pouco favoravel para pocos tubulares. Diante deste panorama, o presente artigo tem como objetivo descrever a tipologia das nascentes, classificar e caracterizar seu estado, utilizando um protocolo de avaliacao rapida, adaptado ao contexto do Alto Camaqua, para avaliar o impacto ambiental causado com base nas variaveis observadas. Foi feito um levantamento das caracteristicas, tipologia e classificacao das nascentes, nos distritos Barrocao, Alto Bonito e Aberta do Cerro, municipios de Piratini e Pinheiro Machado/RS. Foi analisada a relacao entre essas caracteristicas por meio de estatistica multivariada, para subsidiar a avaliacao de impactos ambientais. Foram realizadas analise de ordenacao (coordenadas principais) e de agrupamentos. Identificou-se que na area delimitada existem tres grupos de nascentes significativamente dissimilares e que a formacao desses agrupamentos demonstram a relacao entre as caracteristicas e o tipo de uso das nascentes. Verificou-se uma diferenciacao entre as nascentes com maior e menor impacto ambiental. Os resultados demonstram a necessidade de politicas de gestao e educacao, bem como de metodologias diferenciadas de avaliacao de impactos para os diferentes grupos identificados de nascentes, a fim de ser alcancada maior eficiencia e conservacao das mesmas.

Dinâmica da vegetação campestre sob diferentes tratamentos de adubação e manejo do pastoreio na Região do Alto Camaquã, RS.

We evaluated the dynamics vegetation of grassland subjected to management factors fertilization and grazing, at four different locations in the counties of Pinheiro Machado and Piratini, located in the upper basin of the Rio Camaqua. The treatments were a combination of these factors. The estimate of the species composition and their biomass followed the procedures of the method BOTANAL field, with some adaptations, together with the composition of species have been described functional types of vegetation present, using leaf traits such as leaf area matter content and specific dry. There was a change in vegetation dynamics due to the interaction between evaluation periods, fertilization and grazing, showing a divergence of trajectories of vegetation. There was found a clear association between the functional types and environmental variables.

Composição química da carne de cabritos abatidos em idades diferentes

The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition of meat from three portions of the carcass of kids raised in range conditions and slaughtered at 8-9 or 11-12 months old. The trial was conducted in the region of Alto Camaqua and had 15 animals per group. Chemical composition of the carcass (moisture, protein, ashes, fats, and cholesterol) was determined from the shoulder, loin, and legs. Kids slaughtered younger had higher moisture and ash content in all three portions (p<0.05) when compared to older animals. Fat levels only were higher in kids slaughtered at an older age (p<0.05). Cholesterol content only on the leg, was lesser than the two other portions in younger animals (p<0.05). There were no differences observed between the three portions on the older animals. Older kids at slaughter had higher content of protein and fat but cholesterol remained unchanged. The three portions of the carcass had distinct chemical composition. Our results suggest that in range conditions the slaughter of animals should occur at 11-12 months old, resulting in meat with higher nutritional content in all portions of the carcass.

Características in vivo e componentes corporais de cabritos naturalizados do Alto Camaquã, Brasil

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the in vivo characteristics, body parts, production costs and calculate regression equations for the main traits of commercial interest the goats. For this study cross Angora goats, controlled during one year and slaughtered at 11-12 months (lot 1, n=20) were used. From the results of lot 1, a second lot (lot 2, n=14) with animals 8-9 months old, was tested. Both batches were reared under extensive system in the territory of the Alto Camaqua (State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). The goats slaughtered at the age of 11-12 months had production costs of R

Produção de carne entre cordeiros castrados e não castrados: 1. Cruzas Hampshire Down X Corriedale

0.93 kg live weight and R

COMPOSIÇÃO REGIONAL E TECIDUAL EM CORDEIROS NÃO CASTRADOS

1.86 kg/carcass and reached slaughter weight as early as 6-7 months of age. The regression equations determined that the thoracic perimeter is the best measure to estimate the fasting weight, since the body compacity is better estimated by fasting weight. The goats slaughtered at 8-9 months had higher values for the main traits when compared to those slaughtered at 11-12 months. Most of the body parts surveyed showed isogonic behavior. The results indicate that kids reared under extensive management at Alto Camaqua territory must be slaughtered before winter period, and the optimum age for slaughter is 8-9 months with body weight around 22 kg.