Manfred Boltze

Freight Transport Demand Management: Influencing the Freight Transport Demand Within Traffic Management

In the future, influencing the freight transport demand will become important in light of the increasing freight transport-related problems. But freight transport is explicitly not in the focus of mobility management as the established concept for demand management in the context of traffic management. Thus, until now, traffic management lacks in a concept for influencing the freight transport demand, being equal to mobility management. Accordingly, this chapter presents a concept of freight transport demand management within traffic management. The principles for that concept have been derived from mobility management. Furthermore, measures are described which are suitable for influencing the freight transport demand. Finally, further need for research is highlighted.

Streiks und die Zuverlässigkeit der Verkehrsbedienung

ZusammenfassungMit der Privatisierung und der Aufhebung des Prinzips der Tarifeinheit haben die Arbeitskämpfe im Verkehrswesen stark zugenommen. Die Zuverlässigkeit der Verkehrsbedienung ist gefährdet und unbeteiligte Dritte haben oft das Nachsehen. Der Wissenschaftliche Beirat beim Bundesminister für Verkehr und digitale Infrastruktur hat eine Stellungnahme vorgelegt, die Empfehlungen ausspricht, wie das Streikrecht im Verkehrswesen neu geregelt werden kann.AbstractOf late, Germany has been hit by unprecedented strike actions by airline and railway staff. Lufthansa’s pilots staged 13 walkouts between April 2014 and September 2015, resulting in the cancellation of 8,500 flights and affecting around one million passengers. The one week strike by Lufthansa’s cabin crews in November 2015 forced the company to cancel another 4,700 flights. The trend towards industrial action in the German transportation sector is not limited to airline pilots and cabin crew, however. In addition, security agents and ground staff at several airports have gone on strike, and most of all, train drivers walk out with increasing frequency. In this article, measures are proposed to balance the legal, and legitimate, right of workers to use strikes as a tool of last resort in wagebargaining processes with the no less important right of customers to have access to reliable transportation services. While many other Western countries have regulations in place for the conduct of wage bargaining, including rules on work stoppages in core public service sectors, no such rules exist in Germany.

Reduction Potential of Environment-Responsive Traffic Control on Roadside Particulate Matter and Nitrogen Oxide Concentrations

Fundamentals for an impact assessment of environment-responsive traffic control are described. This road traffic control should support the need for mobility as well as the need for environmental protection by selecting control measures that consider the current situation of traffic and the environment. For optimal selection of measures, this traffic control must assess the impact of measures quite precisely. A statistical approach with high-quality local data is used to assess the short-term (minutes) and midterm (hours) effects of traffic control measures on pollution levels of particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. The approach uses high-resolution input data of traffic and meteorological parameters to consider appropriately the influence of volatile parameters such as traffic flow and traffic volume. A regression model is used to describe measured roadside pollution concentrations and to assess the influence of the different input variables. With the quantified influence of traffic-related input variables, the environmental reduction potential is estimated. Potential investigation areas to improve the developed modeling approach and recommendations for data collection and data processing regarding integrated environment-responsive traffic control are offered.

The Interdisciplinary Decision Map - A Reference Model for Production, Logistics and Traffic

Due to strong interdependencies between production, logistics and traffic, a decision in one of these fields has impacts on the others. However, decision-makers in and around today’s supply chains rarely consider effects of their decisions on other participants of the supply chain or the traffic system. Thus, a tool for decision support, which clearly illustrates the variety of impacts of a decision, is highly desirable. Accordingly, this chapter presents a reference model in the context of production, logistics and traffic, called Interdisciplinary Decision Map (IDM). The IDM allows for describing and analysing interdisciplinary impacts of decisions across the disciplines. Thus, it can serve as decision support tool for decision-makers out of the considered domains. The IDM’s applicability is demonstrated by using it to analyse selected impacts of an HGV toll’s introduction on production, logistics and traffic.

A GERMAN EXAMPLE FOR A PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN TRANSPORT RESEARCH : ZIV - INSTITUTE FOR INTEGRATED TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORT SYSTEMS AT DARMSTADT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

In 1998, a new partnership for transport research was founded in Germanys central region Frankfurt RheinMain by major transport authorities and operators, involving partners from industry and consultancy, and supported by the Hessen State Government. This ZIV is an institute at Darmstadt University of Technology, and improves the exchange between research and practice. The article provides organisational details of this public private partnership. The ZIV working areas cover Transport Infrastructure and Traffic Management, Traffic Engineering and Traffic Control, Public Transport, Organisational Concepts for Traffic Management and Mobility Services, Railway Systems and Railway Engineering, and Navigation and Positioning Systems. For each of these areas, basic intentions in research and some project examples are presented. This may also allow some view on the current status of transport research in Germany.

Dynamic and Seamless Integration of Production, Logistics and Traffic: Fundamentals of Interdisciplinary Decision Support

This book contributes a basic framework for and specific insights into interdisciplinary connections between production, logistics, and traffic subsystems. The book is divided into two parts, the first of which presents an overview of interdisciplinarity in value-added networks and freight traffic. This includes an introduction to the topic and a description of an integrated framework of production, logistics, and traffic. Furthermore, it describes the barriers and challenges of interdisciplinary decision-making and project management. In turn, the second part presents domain-specific perspectives on interdisciplinary decision support, exploring domain-specific challenges of interdisciplinary interfaces and requirements for management methods and instruments from the standpoint of production management, logistics management, traffic management, and information technologies.

Temporal Shifts in Freight Traffic: Estimating the Potential to Improve Traffic Quality on German Highways with Temporal Shifts of Heavy Traffic

In the years ahead, the problems of increasing capacity constraints on German roads will increase due to the expected growth of road freight transport. Temporal shift of freight transport may be suitable for a more efficient use of existing infrastructure. This chapter analyses the theoretical potential for a temporal shift of truck traffic by taking the example of selected highway sections in the German Region Frankfurt RheinMain. The analysis shows that peak loads in truck traffic are considerably weaker than in passenger car traffic. One reason is a higher efficiency in truck traffic compared to passenger car traffic. Furthermore, the observed proportion of trucks during peak loads of total traffic is usually below 12 %. The expected contribution of temporal shift of truck trips to avoid congestion is rather low; therefore, possibilities for temporal shift of traffic in peak loads must be primarily searched in passenger car traffic. Opportunities for temporal shifts of truck traffic may result from changes of production and logistics processes, which enable increased transport by night.

Interdisciplinary Research in Production, Logistics and Traffic: Introduction to Dynamo PLV and Overview of the Book

Decreasing product life cycles, demographic change, high volatility in the market as well as the progression of digitisation are seen as most important megatrends of global added value. These trends lead to frequent if not even continuous change of decision premises of production’s, logistics’ and traffic’s interfaces in value-added networks. They subsequently increase the significance of the decision-makers’ behaviour at the side of companies and public authorities. On the contrary, models and other decision support systems have been specifically designed for accurately defined application scenarios. But the benefits to decision-makers decrease, if conditions vary only slightly. The contribution of these decision support systems for interdisciplinary decision-making is unknown as well as fundamental interrelations of decisions made in different domains of value-added networks and freight traffic.

A Simulation-Based Approach for Design of Rural Feeder Service with Fixed-Route Fixed-Schedule Form of Operation

In rural India, people are predominantly from low-income group with negligible private vehicle ownership. Therefore, it has become necessary to design suitable feeder service, as an alternative to walking or bicycling, for providing transportation linkage between village settlements and bus stops. Design of feeder service needs consideration of several aspects such as type of vehicle, selection of route, service frequency, and fare. As feeder service is designed for bus-stop catchments, a key issue is the starting point of the routes to bus stop. Travel behavior analysis is another important consideration as the selection of route, vehicle type, fare, etc., will influence the user cost. For rational estimation of user cost, it is necessary to understand trip maker’s willingness to pay (WTP) with respect to various attributes of rural feeder service. The operational viability is another key aspect required to be considered in the process of designing the feeder service. This chapter considers all the above-mentioned aspects while demonstrating a simulation-based approach for the design of rural feeder service to bus stop with fixed-route fixed-schedule form of operation. A rational approach for design of rural feeder service with due consideration to various aspects and its application to a study area are the two major components of the work.