Manoel Moisés Ferreira de Queiroz

Deslocamento miscível de nitrato e fosfato proveniente de água residuária da suinocultura em colunas de solo

Fertigation with wastewater from swine is very much used, mainly in the southern region of Brazil. However, the high polluting potential of these wastewaters represents a threat of soil contamination of surface and underground waters if used in excessive amounts. The objective of this work was to evaluate the leaching process of nitrate and phosphate ions in soil columns, getting the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient and factor of retardation and potential of contamination of underground water. The effect of wastewater application on physical and chemical properties of the soil was verified. The results showed that the potential for contamination of underground water by nitrate ions is high, in contrast to what occurs with phosphate ions that presented low potential of contamination due to their high reactivity.

Uso de manipueira no desenvolvimento vegetativo do milho em ambiente protegido

This study evaluated the effects of the wastewater of cassava industry, treated by pond system, on the corn crop. The irrigation with wastewater resulted in an increase in chemical parameters of the soil, proportional to the respective treatments in the following order: L1E (effluent of the decantation pond), L1ED (effluent of the pond of decantation with 50% dilution), L2E (effluent of the first anaerobic pond), L2ED (effluent of the first anaerobic pond with 50% dilution), L3E (effluent of the second anaerobic pond), L3ED (effluent of the second anaerobic pond with 50% dilution) and T (control without fertilization and irrigation with water) except for the treatment TA (control with fertilization: 85 kg ha-1 K2O; 60 kg ha-1 N; 100 kg ha-1 P2O5 and irrigation with water:); the height of plant for the treatments varied in the following order: L1E, TA, T which differed significantly followed by L1ED, L2ED and L3ED statistically similar; and L2E and L3E which also showed similar results without significant differences at 5% probability level. The number of leaves did not present significant differences among the evaluated treatments, only the concentrations of phosphorus and zinc in the leaves and roots presented significant differences.

Análise espacial da umidade do solo cultivado com soja sob dois sistemas de manejo

Abordaram-se, neste trabalho, aspectos basicos da geoestatistica para analise espacial de dados de umidade do solo, com enfase na analise de semivariograma como metodologia para determinacao da dependencia espacial. O objetivo consistiu na analise da umidade sob condicoes de campo, na regiao de Toledo, PR, em solo argiloso, nas profundidades de 15 e 30cm, sob sistema de manejo plantio direto e preparo convencional do solo; o local da pesquisa foi constituido de duas areas de 14x14m. Realizou-se, em cada area do experimento, um levantamento por amostragem em uma malha de 64 pontos espacados 2m, e se utilizou, para analise das amostras, o metodo convencional (gravimetrico). Os dados foram analisados atraves da estatistica classica e da geoestatistica. Os resultados indicaram baixo coeficiente de variacao em todas as coletas de dados, o que indica homogeneidade dos dados. A analise dos semivariogramas indicou dependencia espacial da umidade entre moderada e fraca. Os alcances da dependencia espacial foram de 5,20 a 10,67m para a umidade do solo. Os valores de umidade estao relacionados com a profundidade em ambos os sistemas de manejo mas as variabilidades nao acompanharam esta tendencia.

Hazen-Williams equation corrected for swine wastewater

The objective of this study was to evaluate the head losses in commercial tubes of zinc, galvanized iron and PVC, with different diameters, aiming to determinate correction factors for Hazen-Willams equation as a function of total solids in swine wastewater. The results showed that the head loss has a linear relation with the total solids of swine wastewater; the head losses estimated by partial and global correction factors showed mean overestimate and underestimate of 0.7 and 13%, respectively.

CARACTERÍSTICAS BIOMÉTRICAS E ACÚMULO DE FITOMASSA DA BERINJELEIRA SOB IRRIGAÇÃO COM ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA E DOSES DE NITROGÊNIO E FÓSFORO

A agua na regiao semiarida e um dos recursos naturais com maior escassez, sendo imprescindivel o seu manejo correto e a pratica do reuso. Neste contexto, propos-se avaliar o uso de nitrogenio e fosforo junto com agua residuaria domestica pos-tratada em filtro de areia com fluxo intermitente sobre os aspectos de crescimento e acumulo de fitomassa de plantas de berinjela cultivadas em casa de vegetacao no semiarido paraibano. O experimento foi conduzido no municipio de Pombal, Paraiba, utilizando-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 4 + 1, com quatro repeticoes, sendo quatro doses de nitrogenio (N1 = 0,22; N2 = 0,39; N3 = 0,56 e; N4 = 0,72 g dm-3 de solo) e quatro doses de fosforo (P1 = 0,96; P2 = 1,68; P3 = 2,40 e; P4 = 3,12 g dm-3 de solo) e irrigacao com agua residuaria. Adicionou-se um tratamento com 100% da adubacao com N, P e irrigacao com agua de abastecimento. A interacao entre as doses de nitrogenio e fosforo nao influenciou os aspectos de crescimento e acumulo de fitomassa da berinjeleira. O aumento unitario das doses de fosforo promoveu acrescimos de 0,13% no numero de folhas da berinjela quando irrigada com agua residuaria. A dose estimada de nitrogenio de 0,43 g dm-3 e irrigacao com agua residuaria resultou em maior altura de plantas. As maiores doses de nitrogenio promoveram decrescimos significativos sobre o acumulo de fitomassa da berinjeleira.

Turbidimetry as an alternative method to determine the rating curve of suspended sediments

Understanding hydrosedimental behavior of a watershed is essential for properly managing and using its hydric resources. The objective of this study was to verify the feasibility of the alternative procedure for the indirect determination of the sediment key curve using a turbidimeter. The research was carried out on the Sao Francisco Falso River, which is situated in the west of the state of Parana on the left bank of ITAIPU reservoir. The direct method was applied using a DH-48 sediment suspended sampler. The indirect method consisted of the use of a linigraph and a turbidimeter. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the indirect method using a turbidimeter showed to be fully feasible, since it gave a power function-type mathematical model equal of the direct method. Furthermore, the average suspended sediment discharge into the Sao Francisco Falso River during the 2006/2007 harvest was calculated at 7.26 metric t day-1.